1、MIL-A-19736A (Wep)5 August 1960SUPERSEDINGMIL-A-19736 (Aer)5 November 1956MILITARY SPECIFICATIONAIR REFUELING SYSTEMS, GENERAL SPECIFICATION FORThis specification has been approved by theBureau of Naval Weapons, Department of the Navy1. SCOPE1.1 Scope: This specification covers the general requireme
2、nts for design, installation and test ofprobe and drogue air refueling systems for fixed wing aircraft. Detail requirements necessary tocompletely define specific equipment will be set forth in a detail specification or drawing providedby the procuring activity or contractor.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS2
3、.1 The following specifications, standards, drawings, and publications, of the issue in effect onSPECIFICATIONS:FederalQQ-C-320QQ-P-416MilitaryMIL-P-116MIL-S-4040MIL-H-4495MIL-C-5015MIL-B-5087MIL-E-5272MIL-P-5315MIL-H-5440MIL-C-5501MIL-P-5518date of invitation for bids, form a part of this specifica
4、tion:Chromium Plating(Electrodeposited)Plating, Cadmium(Electrodeposited)Preservation, Methods ofSolenoid, Electrical, General Specification forHose, Rubber, Inflight RefuelingConnectors; Electrical, “AN“ TypeBonding; Electrical (For Aircraft)Environmental Testing, Aeronautical and Associated Equipm
5、entPacking “o“ Rings, Hydrocarbon Fuel ResistantHydraulic Systems; Design, Installation and Tests of AircraftCaps and Plugs, Protective$ Dust and moisture SealPneumatic System; Design, Installation and Test in AircraftProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licen
6、se from IHS-,-,-MIL-A-19736A(Wep)MIL-L-006730MIL-S-6744MIL-R-6855MIL-P-6906MIL-E-7080MIL-F-7179MIL-S-7742MIL-M-7911MIL-T-7928MIL-P-7936MIL-P-7962MIL-S-8512MIL-D-8513MIL-A-8591MIL-F-8615MIL-A-8625MIL-D-8706MIL-H-8775MIL-A-8865MIL-F-17874MIL-C-18012MII-I-18802MIL-L-19537MIL-D-22625MIL-N-25027MIL-N-251
7、61MIL-C-25162MIL-C-26482Lighting Equipment; Exterior, Installation of Aircraft(General Specification)Switch Assemblies and Actuators; Push Button and LimitRubber; Synthetic, Sheet, Molded, and Extruded for aircraft applicationPlates, Information and IdentificationElectrical Equipment, Piloted Aircra
8、ft, Installation and Selection of,General Specification forFinishes and Coatings: General Specification for Protection of Aircraftand Aircraft PartsScrew Threads; Standard, AircraftMarking, Identification of Aeronautical Equipment, Assemblies, and PartsTerminals Lugs and Splice; Crimp Style, CopperP
9、arts and Equipment, Aeronautical Preparation for DeliveryPrimer Coating, Cellulose - Nitrate Modified Alkyd Typej Corrosion - Inhibiting$Fast DryingSupport Equipment, Aeronautical, Special, General Specification for thedesign ofDrawings and Data Lists, Preparation of, For Special Support Equipment(f
10、or Aeronautical and Associated Equipment)Airborne Stores and Associated suspension Equipment; General Design CriteriaforFuel System Components; General Specification forAnodic - Coatings, for Aluminum and Aluminum AlloysData, Design: Contract Requirements for AircraftHydraulic System Components, Air
11、craft, General Specifications forAirplane Strength and Rigidity; Miscellaneous loadsFuel System; Aircraft, Installation and Test of-Control Configuration and MarkingsInstallation of Fuel and Oil Lines and connections in Naval AircraftLaoquer; Acrylic - Nitrocellulose, Gloss for(Aircraft use)Design a
12、nd Evaluation of Cartridges for Cartridge Actuated DevicesNut, Self-LockingNozzle, Flight Pressure Refueling, Type MA-2Coupling, Reception, Flight Pressure Refueling, Type MA-2Connectors, Electric, Circular, Miniature, Quick Disconnect2Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permi
13、tted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-A-19736A(Wep)STANDARDS:MIL-STD-129MIL-STD-704AND-10375DRAWINGS:MilitaryMS-20995MS-25040MS-29513MS-33540MS-33547MS-33586MS-33588MS-33633PUBLICATIONS:Air Force -No. 143No. 410Marking for Shipment and StorageElectric Power, Aircraft, Characteristics and Utilization
14、 ofColors, Fluid Line IdentificationWire, lockSwitch - Sensitive Sealed 28V D. C., 15 Amp., 115 V A. C., 10 Amp.,Roller Lever ActuatedPacking Fluid Rings, Hydrocarbon Fuel ResistantSafety Wiring, General Practices forPins, Spring, Functional Limitations ofMetals, Definition of DissimilarNuts and Pla
15、te Nuts, Self-Iocking, Functional LimitationsInserts, Self-Locking, Screw Thread Tapped HoleNavy Aeronautical BulletinSpecifications and Standards; Use ofAge-controls Fuel System, Synthetic Rubber Part(Copies of this specification and applicable specfications, standards, drawings andpublications may
16、 be obtained from the Commanding Officer, Naval Supply Depot, 5801 TaborAvenue, Philadelphia 20, Pennsylvania Attention: Code CDS)3. REQUIREMENTS3.1 Materials and standard parts.3.1.1 Quality: Air refueling equipment shall be built in accordance with nigh grade aircraft practiceand of quality to aff
17、ord safety$ satisfactory operation and long service life. All materials usedin the manufacture of air refueling equipment shall be of high quality, suitable for the purpose andin accordance with applicable specifications.3.1.2 Weight: Materials of the lightest weight consistent with the design and t
18、he intended use of theequipment shall be employed. Equipment shall be lightweight and of small size.3.1.3 Metals.3.1.3.1 Non-sparking: Non-sparking metals shall be used for parts located where fuel vapor maybepresent.3.1.3.2 Magnesium: Magnesium and its alloys shall not be used in contact with fuel.
19、3.1.3.3 Corrosion resistance: All metals used shall resist corrosion in or shall be protected towithstand aircraft fuels, salt spray, prolonged high humidity and atmospheric conditions for thelife of the equipment when in storage and in normal service use.3Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproductio
20、n or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-A-19736A(Wep)3.1.3.4 Dissimilar metals: Dissimilar metals are defined in Standard Ms 33586. Dissimilar metalsin immediate contact shall be avoided. Where use of dissimilar metals in immediate contact isunavoidable they shall be insulated.3.1
21、.3.5 Finishes and coatings: Finish shall be in accordance with Specification MIL-F-7179.Aluminum parts shall be anodized in accordance with Specification MIL-A-8625. Steel parts, exceptworking surfaces and parts made of corrosion - resisting steel, shall be cadmium plated in accordancewith Specifica
22、tion QQ-P-416. Sliding surfaces of steel parts shall be chromium plated in accordiancewith Specification QQ-C-320 or other finish approved by the procuring agency. Finish of hydraulicsystem components shall be in accordance with Specification MIL-H-8775.3.1.3.6. Castings: Castings shall be clean, so
23、und and free from blowholes, porosity, cracks and otherdefects and shall conform to Specification MIL-C-6021, Class 1B.3.1.4 Non-metallic materials.3.1.4.1 Fuel resistance: Non-metallic material which is in contact with fuel shall withstand jetfuels conforming to Spectification MIL-J-5624 and preser
24、vative compounds.3.1.4.2 0-rings: O-rings subjected to fuel shall conform dimensionally to Standard MS 29513 andphysically to Specification MIL-P-5315.3.1.4.3 Synthetic rubber: Unless otherwise specified, synthetic rubber shall conform to SpecificationMIL-R-6855. Age controls for fuel system synthet
25、ic rubber parts shall be in accordance with ANABulletin No. 410.3.1.5 Selection of materials and parts: Specifications and standards for all materials, parts,processes and equipment which are not specifically designated herein shall be selected in accordancewith the order of precedence set forth in
26、ANA Bulletin No. 143. AN or MIL standard parts shall beused wherever they are suitable for the purpose.3.1.6 Conservation of material: Non-critical materials shall be used wherever practicable whenperformance, interchangeability or reliability will not be adversely affected or productionsignificantl
27、y altered.3.1.7 Threads: Pipe threads shall not be used except for permanently installed pipe-threaded plugsand shall not be used in high strength aluminum steel and corrosion-resisting steel. Straight screwthreads shall be in accordance with Specification MIL-S-7742. Thread inserts may be used subj
28、ectto the limitations of Standard MS 33633.3.1.8 Locking of parts: All threaded parts shall be securely locked bY safety wiring, self-lockingnuts, cotter pins or other approved methods. Safety wire shall conform to Standard MS 20995 and shallbe used in accordance with Standard MS 33540. Self-1ocking
29、 nuts shall conform to SpecificationMIL-H-25027 and shall be used in accordance with Standard MS 33588. Staking and use of lock washersis not permitted.3.1.9 Snap rings: Snap rings shall not be used where improper installation or dislocation of the ringwould cause failure of any component or assembl
30、y. Snap rings shall not be used where the accumulationof tolerances could allow destructive end play or looseness. Snap rings shall not be used internallyin equipment. Snap rings may be used to lock bearing pins, non-pressurized end caps etc. in place.Snap rings shall be capable of being installed a
31、nd removed with standard pin-type pliers or otherstandard tools.3.1.10 Spring pins: Spring pins may be used in accordance with Standards 33547. Spring pins arenot acceptable in hydraulic systems.3.1.11 Marking of fluid lines: Fluid lines shall be identified in accordance with Standard AND 10375.3.1.
32、12 Cleaning: All parts, components and equipment shall be clean and free from dirt, sand, metalchips, and other foreign matter during and after assembly.3.2 Air refueling systems.3.2.1 Probe and drogue: The air refueling system shall utilize probe and drogue type equipment.3.2.2 Compatibility: It is
33、 a design objective to make each tanker suitable for refueling models4- .IProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-A-19736A(Wep)of receiver aircraft and to make each receiver suitable for refueling from all drogue tankers includingthose of
34、 the U. S. Air Force.3.2.3 Formation: The formation shall place the nose of the receiver aircraft aft of the tail of thetanker when engaged in refueling position at least 15 feet forward of full trail. It is a designobjective to provide not less than fifteen feet of vertical separation between tanke
35、r and receiveraircraft.3.2.4 Reliability: Reliability of the air refueling operation shall be the paramount consideration indesign of air refueling systems and equipment. Simplicity is required. Features which are not requiredfor reliable and safe accomplishment of the air refueling operation shall
36、not be incorporated, It isnot intended to achieve reliability by duplication of equipment or functions except as specificallyrequired herein. Designs which have proven satisfactory in service shall be utilized for functionalcomponents and mechanisms.3.2.5 Effect on aircraft performance: Receiver air
37、 refueling equipment and tanker permanent provisionsshall. be designed to minimize the penalty to aerial performance and capability of the basic aircraft.3.2.6 Communications: The air refueling system shall be suitable for accomplishing the air refuelingoperation during radio silence.3.2.7 Refueling
38、 airspeed: Air refueling systems and equipment shall operate satisfactorily cali-brated airspeeds from 200 knots up to and including 300 knots at Mach number not greater than 0.90.3.2.8 Engagement: Air refueling systems and equipment shall operate satisfactorily when the receiveraircraft engages the
39、 tanker aircraft at relative speeds not greater than 10 feet per second.3.2.9 Design conferences: Representatives of the contractor shall confer with the air refueling engi-neers of the Bureau of Naval Weapons during the development of air refueling systems. The purpose isto exchange information and
40、 to review proposed designs in advance of formal submittal of data. Thecontractor shall initiate the first conference as soon as the preliminary schematic diagram of the airrefueling system has been prepared. Later conferences shall be arranged as significant developmentsoccur throughout the program
41、.3.3 General equipment requirements.3.3.1 Environment: Air refueling equipment shall function satisfactorily in ground and flight environ-mental conditions. Detail requirements will be included in equipment specifications prepared by theprocuring activity or contractor based upon procedures of Speci
42、fication MIL-E-5272 and the followingconditions:3.3.1.1 Temperature: Ambient temperatures of minus 65 degrees Fahrenheit to plus 160 degrees Fahrenheit.It is not intended that temperature shock tests be required.3.3.1.2 Altitude: Operating altitudes from sea level up to 40,000 feet.3.3.1.3 Corrosion
43、 resistance: In addition to salt spray resistance, equipment shall withstand acceler-ated corrosion conditions in accordance with Specification MIL-F-8615.3.3.1.4 Vibration: Vibrational conditions encountered in flight. Equipment and tanks shall withstandtests in accordance with Specification MIL-E-
44、5272 and Specification MIL-T-6396 as applicable.3.3.1.5 Explosion: If appropriate, the explosion-producing characteristics of equipment shall bedetermines.3.3.1.6 Temperature - altitude - humidity: If appropriate, equipment shall be required to demonstratesatisfactory operation under combined temper
45、ature - altitude - humidity conditions.3.3.1.7 Shock: Inappropriate, the ability of equipment to withstand mechanical-shock shall bedetermined.3.3.1.8 Fuel: Equipment subjected to fuel shall conform to the fuel resistance-requirements of Speci-ficationLF-8615.3.3.2 Hydraulics: Hydraulic systems asso
46、ciated with or part of air refueling equipment shall be inaccordance with Specification MIL-H-5440. Hydraulic components shall conform to Specification MIL-H-8775.5Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-A-19736A(Wep)3.3.3 Pneumatics: Pne
47、umatic systems associated with or part of air refueling equipment shall be inaccordance with Specification MIL-P-5518.3.3.4 Maintainability.3.3.4.1 Access: Functional equipment shall be arranged so that access is provided for preflightservicing adustment and routine maintenance without removing the
48、tanker package from the aircraft.Hose reels shall be accessible for preflight servicing, adjustment and routine maintenance withoutremoval from the tanker package.3.3.4.2 Ground check: Provisions and procedures for ground operation checkout shall be adequate,simple and brief.3.3.4.3 Ground handling:
49、 Tanker packages shall be of size and weight compatible with shipboardelevators and handling equipment. Equipment shall have provisions for hoisting, loading and transport-ing as required.3.3.4.4 Ground support: The design objective is that air refueling equipment should not requirespecial tools for assembly, disassembly, installation or adjustment. Support equipment for instal-lation, ground operation checkout and maintenance shall be in accordance with Specification MIL-D-8512.Lists an
