1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationANSI/NEMA C29.2A-2013American National Standard for Insulators Wet Process Porcelain and Toughened Glass Distribution Suspension TypeANSI/NEMA C29.2A-2013 American National Standard for Insulators Wet Process Porcelain and Toughe
2、ned Glass Distribution Suspension Type Secretariat: National Electrical Manufacturers Association Approved: June 2013 Published: November 2013 American National Standards Institute, Inc. NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of pe
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18、al Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900, Rosslyn, VA 22209 Copyright 2013 by National Electrical Manufacturers Association All rights reserved including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the
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20、 America. C29.2A-2013 Page i 2013 by National Electrical Manufacturers Association FOREWORD (This foreword is not part of American National Standard C29.2A-2013) This standard has its origins in one of a series of standards issued 1952 by the Joint Committee on Insulator Standards of the Edison Elec
21、tric Institute and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. That original 1952 standard was designated as: EEI-NEMA Standards for Wet-Process Porcelain Insulators (Suspension Type), EEI Publication Number TDJ-52, NEMA Publication Number 140-1952. Several subsequent revisions were made and
22、iss ued by the American Standards Association, Inc., and more recently by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), as an American National Standard. ANSI C29.2-2012 has now been divided into two parts; C29A and C29B, where insulators with shell diameters less than 9 inches (228.6 mm) now ar
23、e covered by C29.2A and those with shell diameters of at least 9 inches (228.6 mm) now are being covered by C29.2B. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent by the date of its next scheduled revision which is December 31st, 2015 to: Senior Technical Director,
24、 Operations National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900 Rosslyn, VA 22209 This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by Accredited Standards Committee on Insulators for Electric Power Lines, C29. Committee approval of the standard does not nece
25、ssarily imply that all committee members voted for approval. At the time it approved this standard, the ASC C -29 committee had the following members: Rob Christman, Chairman Steve Griffith, Secretary Organization Represented: Name of Representative: Edison Electric Institute B. Freimark R. Christma
26、n E. Cleckley M. Garrels R. Kluge J. Varner (alt) G. Obenchain (alt) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers T. Grisham J. Hildreth A. Jagtiani J. Kuffel A. Phillips E. Gnandt (alt) National Electrical Manufacturers Association P. Maloney A.C. Baker R.A. Bernstorf D.G. Powell G.A. Stewart C
27、29.2A-2013 Page ii 2013 National Electrical Manufacturers Association E. Willis (alt) Z. Lodi (alt) E. Niedospial (alt) A. Schwalm (alt) Tennessee Valley Authority J. Nelson R. Stargel (alt) Western Area Power Administration R. Clark C29.2A-2013 Page iii 2013 by National Electrical Manufacturers Ass
28、ociation C29.2A-2013 Page iv 2013 National Electrical Manufacturers Association TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD iv 1 SCOPE 1 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES 1 3 DEFINITIONS . 1 4 GENERAL . 1 5 MATERIALS. 1 5.1 Insulator Shells . 1 5.2 Shell Surface . .2 5.3 Metal Parts . 2 5.4 Cotter Keys . 2 5.4.1 Material
29、. 2 5.4.2 Clevis Insulators . 2 6 DIMENSIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS . 2 7 MARKING . 3 8 SAMPLING, INSPECTION, AND TESTS 3 8.1 General . 3 8.2 Design Tests .3 8.2.1 Low-Frequency Dry Flashover Test 3 8.2.2 Low-Frequency Wet Flashover Test. 3 8.2.3 Critical Impulse Flashover Tests-Positive and Negative .
30、 3 8.2.4 Radio-Influence Voltage Test 3 8.2.5 Thermal-Mechanical Load Cycle Test . 3 8.2.6 Thermal Shock Test 4 8.2.7 Residual-Strength Test 4 8.2.8 Impact Test .4 8.2.9 Cement Expansion 4 8.2.10 Design Modification. 4 8.3 Quality Conformance Tests . 4 8.3.1 Visual and Dimensional Tests . 5 8.3.2 Po
31、rosity Test . .5 8.3.3 Galvanizing Test . 5 8.3.4 Combined Mechanical and Electrical-Strength Test .5 8.3.5 Puncture Test . 6 8.4 Routine Tests . .6 8.4.1 Cold-to-Hot Thermal Shock Test 6 8.4.2 Hot-to-Cold Thermal Shock Test 6 8.4.3 Tension Proof Test 6 8.4.4 Flashover Test . 6 TABLES 1 Metric Equiv
32、alents 2 2 Dimensions and Characteristics of Distribution Insulators. 7 FIGURES 1 Insulator Classes 52-1, 52-2, 52-9-A and 52-9-B 8 2 Schematic Representation of Thermal-Mechanical Performance Test. 9 3 Impact Testing Machine 10 APPENDIX A . 11 C29.2A-2013 Page 1 2013 by National Electrical Manufact
33、urers Association for Insulators Wet Process Porcelain and Toughened GlassDistribution Suspension Type 1 SCOPE This standard covers distribution suspension-type insulators, 4-1/4 inches (108 millimeters) to 8 inches (203 millimeters) in diameter, made of wet-process porcelain or of toughened glass a
34、nd used in the distribution of electrical energy. 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES This standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the following American National Standards. When the referenced standards are superseded by a revision approved by the American National Standards Institute Inc., the revi
35、sion shall apply. ANSI C29.1-1988 (R2012) Test Methods of Electrical Power Insulators ANSI/IEEE/ASTM SI 10-2010 American National Standard for Metric Practice ASTM A153/A153M-09 Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware ASTM C151/C151M-11 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion
36、 of Hydraulic Cement 3 DEFINITIONS See Section 2 of ANSI C29.1-1988 (R2012) for definitions of terms. 4 GENERAL 4.1 Insulators shall conform in all respects to the requirements of this standard. The text and figures supplement each other and shall be considered part of this standard. 4.2 Manufacture
37、rs drawings, if furnished, shall show the outline of the insulators, together with all pertinent dimensions. Any variations in these dimensions due to manufacturing tolerances s hall be indicated. 4.3 A lot shall consist of a group of insulators of the same design and manufactured under similar cond
38、itions of production. A lot shall not exceed 10,000 insulators. 4.4 When specified in the clauses below, the following re-test procedure applies: If only one insulator or metal part fails, or in case the average value fails to comply with the applicable test, a new sample equal to twice the quantity
39、 originally submitted to that test shall be subjected to re -testing. If two or more insulators or metal parts fail to comply, or if any failure occurs during the retesting, the complete lot is considered as not complying with the requirements of this standard. 5 MATERIAL 5.1 Insulator Shells AMERIC
40、AN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/NEMA C29.2A-2013 C29.2A-2013 Page 2 2013 National Electrical Manufacturers Association The insulator shells shall be made of wet-process porcelain or toughened glass. Shells shall be sound and free from defects that might adversely affect the insulators. 5.2 Shell Surface T
41、he surface of the shells exposed after the assembly shall be glazed for porcelain insulators. Note: The most commonly requested color for porcelain is gray. If gray is required, it shall be in accordance with ANSI Z55.1, and shall conform to Munsell notation 5BG 7.0/0.4 with the following tolerances
42、: a) Hue: 12 (3G to 7B) b) Value: 0.5 c) Chroma: -0.2 to +0.6 Other colors are available and can be negotiated between purchaser and supplier. 5.3 Metal Parts Metals parts, except for cotter keys, shall be made of a good commercial grade of malleable iron, ductile iron or steel. Ferrous parts, other
43、 than stainless steel, shall be galvanized in accordance with ASTM A153-82. 5.4 Cotter Keys 5.4.1 Material Cotter keys shall be made from cold-drawn wire of any of the following materials: bronze, brass, aluminum or austenitic stainless steel. 5.4.2 Clevis Insulators Clevis insulators shall be furni
44、shed with a hump-type cotter key, which shall prevent the cotter bolt from unintentionally being pulled out of the insulator cap during normal handling and use.1 MNL7), and further references stated therein. This manual also contains additional information on methods of computation such as those giv
45、en i n 8.3.4. 8.3.1 Visual and Dimensional Tests Conformity with 5.2 of this standard may be determined by visual inspection. All insulators not conforming to 5.2 fail to meet the requirements of this standard. Three insulators shall be selected at random from the lot and their dimensions checked ag
46、ainst the dimensions on the manufacturers drawing. Failure of more than one of these insulators to conform, within manufacturing tolerances, to the dimensions on this drawing shall constitute failure of the lot to meet the requirements of this standard. 8.3.2 Porosity Test Specimens shall be selecte
47、d from porcelain insulators destroyed in other tests and tested in accordance with 5.4 of ANSI C29.1. Penetration of the dye into the body of the dielectric shall constitute failure of the lot to meet the requirements of this standard. 8.3.3 Galvanizing Test Five pieces representative of each type o
48、f galvanized hardware used with the insulators shall be selected at random and tested in accordance with Section 6 of ANSI C29.1. Five to ten measurements shall be randomly distributed over the entire surface. Both the average thickness value for each individual specimen and the average of the entire sample shall equal or exceed the following: Average of Entire Sample Average of Individual Specimen Hardware (except nuts/bolts) 3.4 mil 3.1 mil Nuts/bolts 2.1 mil 1.7 mil If the avera
