1、NFPA110Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems Handbook 2010110NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, USAAn International Codes and Standards OrganizationNFPA110Standard for Emergency andAnnotated by Christopher D. CoacheStandby Power SystemsHandbook 2010NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park
2、, Quincy, MA 02169-7471An International Codes and Standards OrganizationCopyright 2012National Fire Protection AssociationOne Batterymarch Park Quincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471 All rights reserved. !BOUTTHISHandbook EditionThis PDF contains the complete 2010 edition of NFPA 110, Standard for Emergen
3、cy and Standby Power Systems, annotated to assist the readers understanding of the standards language and the intent behind it. The annotations are not part of the NFPA Standard but provide a valuable com-mentary reflecting the views, explanations, and insights of authors and contributors selected b
4、y the NFPA based on their knowledge of and experience with the standard.(OWTO.AVIGATE“ETWEENTHE4EXTOFTHE3TANDARDANDTHE!NNOTATIONSNavigate between code or standard text and annotations by using hyperlinked icons and code numbers.g120g3 While in code or standard text, click on hyperlinked icon* to the
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6、ed that you enable the back arrow functional-ity in Acrobats page navigation menu, which will also allow you to return to the previous stan-dard section.(OWTO%NSURE9OU(AVETHE-OST5P TO DATE6ERSIONOFTHE. email: stds_adminnfpa.orgFor more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org.
7、)-0/24!.4./4)#%3!.$)3#,!)-%23#/.#%2.).4(%HANDBOOK%$)4)/.OTICEAND$ISCLAIMER#ONCERNING,IABILITY.OTICE#ONCERNING)NTERPRETATIONS#ONTAINEDINTHE!NNOTATIONSISBN: 978-1455903955Publication of this (ANDBOOKEdition is for the purpose of circulating information and opinion among those concerned for fire and el
8、ectrical safety and related subjects. While every effort has been made to achieve a work of high quality, neither the NFPAnor the contributors to this (ANDBOOKEdition guarantee the accuracy or completeness of or assume any liability in connec-tion with the information and opinions contained in this
9、(ANDBOOK%dition. The NFPA and thecontributors shall in no event be liable for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this (AND
10、BOOK EditioNThis (ANDBOOK Edition is published with the understanding that the NFPA and the contribu-tors to this (ANDBOOK Edition are supplying information and opinion but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an ap
11、propriate professional should be sought.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), includ-ing the NFPA Document that is the subject of this (ANDBOOKEdition, are made available for usesubject to Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning NFPA Documents, which are s
12、epa-rately bookmarked and viewable in this (ANDBOOKEdition, and which can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), including the NFPA Document that is the subject of this (ANDBOOKEdition are developed in accordancewith th
13、e published procedures of the NFPA by technical committees comprised of volunteers drawn from a broad array of relevant interests. In this (ANDBOOKEdition the text of the NFPADocument is accompanied with annotations providing explanation and commentary on the meaning and intent of the Document. The
14、annotations contained in this (ANDBOOK Edition are not a part of the NFPA Document and do not constitute Formal Interpretations of the NFPA (which can be obtained only through requests processed by the responsible technical committees in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA). The ann
15、otations, therefore, solely reflect the personal opinions of the author or other contributors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.Copyright 2009 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved.NFPA110Standard forEmergency and Stand
16、by Power Systems2010 EditionThis edition of NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems, was prepared bythe Technical Committee on Emergency Power Supplies and released by the Technical Cor-relating Committee on National Electrical Code. It was issued by the Standards Council onAugust
17、 6, 2009, with an effective date of August 26, 2009, and supersedes all previous editions.A tentative interim amendment (TIA) to 7.13.4.1.3(1) and 7.13.4.3.4 was issued on August 6,2009. For further information on tentative interim amendments, see Section 5 of the NFPA Regu-lations Governing Committ
18、ee Projects available at: http:/www.nfpa.org/assets/files/PDF/CodesStandards/TIAErrataFI/TIARegs.pdfThis edition of NFPA 110 was approved as an American National Standard on August 26, 2009.Origin and Development of NFPA 110The Technical Committee on Emergency Power Supplies was organized in 1976 by
19、 NFPAin recognition of the demand for viable guidelines for the assembly, installation, and perfor-mance of electrical power systems to supply critical and essential needs during outages of theprimary power source. It was the intent of the committee to establish the necessary equipmentrequirements t
20、o achieve an on-site auxiliary electrical power source suitable to the needs ofthe applicable requirements and user criteria.In 1979, the committees report proposing adoption of NFPA 110 was published but with-drawn because of issues involving the scope of the committee. In 1981, a revised committee
21、report was returned to committee to resolve differences with other NFPA documents. At the1982 NFPA Fall Meeting, the committees report was adopted as a tentative standard(NFPA 110T-1983) in order to expose the document to as much public review as possible.NFPA 110 was formally adopted as a standard
22、at the 1984 NFPA Fall Meeting and designated asthe 1985 edition. The 1985 edition clarified scope statements, prototype testing, battery andbypass-isolation switch requirements, and revised maintenance requirements.The requirements of the standard are considered necessary to obtain the minimum level
23、 ofreliability and performance, particularly where life safety electrical power needs are involved.The standard does not require the installation of emergency and standby power supplysystems. Rather, it is a document that, if followed, results in a system suitable for varioussituations as required b
24、y other codes and standards.The 1988 edition of NFPA 110 included several new definitions and further clarified trans-fer switch and installation testing requirements.The 1993 edition of NFPA 110 revised the document to reflect (1) the adoption by NFPA of anew document on stored electrical energy em
25、ergency and standby power systems (NFPA 111,Standard on Stored Electrical Energy Emergency and Standby Power Systems), (2) a basic requirement forone-step loading for all prime movers, (3) an update on battery technology, (4) restrictions onunnecessary transferring of loads, and (5) the need for bat
26、tery maintenance.The 1996 edition of NFPA 110 included, but was not limited to, the following changes:monthly load testing requirements for generator sets were changed, including taking intoconsideration wet stacking; definitions were added for various kinds of fuel tanks; types of fueltanks and spi
27、llage considerations were added; restrictions on the types of batteries that can beused were added; the minimum number of cranks, including time-outs, that an engine mustbe capable of completing was clarified; cooling system requirements were clarified; workingspace requirements were added; and the
28、issue of timing devices in health care facilities fortesting a generator was clarified.The 1999 edition was changed by the deletion of the testing of generator sets at 50 percentof the emergency power supply system (EPSS) load because the relevant measure is thenameplate rating. That edition also de
29、leted the exception for wet stacking. Exhaust tempera-ture monitoring was added, because it is an acceptable performance measure of properemergency power supply (EPS) loading.1101NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quin
30、cy, Massachusetts 02169.The 2002 edition included format and technical revisions. The 2000 edition of the Manual of Style for NFPA TechnicalCommittee Documents was applied in this documents restructure and format. Introductory material in Chapter 1 wasformatted for consistency among all NFPA documen
31、ts. Referenced publications that apply to the document wererelocated from the last chapter to Chapter 2, resulting in the renumbering of chapters. Informational referencesremained in the last annex. Appendices were designated as annexes. Definitions in Chapter 3 were reviewed forconsistency with def
32、initions in other NFPA documents, systematically aligned, and individually numbered. Paragraphstructuring was revised with the intent of one mandatory requirement per section, subsection, or paragraph. Informa-tion that often accompanied many of the requirements was moved to Annex A, Explanatory Mat
33、erial. Exceptions weredeleted or rephrased in mandatory text, unless the exception represented an allowance or required an alternateprocedure to a general rule when limited specified conditions existed. The format appearance and structure providedcontinuity among NFPA documents, clarity of mandatory
34、 text, and greater ease in locating specific mandatory text.Changes in the 2002 edition of NFPA 110 included definitive and broad-based requirements regarding electricalinstallations in accordance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code; additional EPS controls and safeguards, such asalerting staff o
35、f impending failure of the EPS to start; access and working space around the generator set; ventilation;energy converters; and EPSS testing requirements.Changes in the 2005 edition of NFPA 110 included electrical installations in accordance with NFPA 70, NationalElectrical Code; revised clearance di
36、stances between transfer switches and service equipment; revision of the definitionsfor both lead-acid (flooded) and valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries; and changes in the testing and mainte-nance section to include testing for spark-ignited engines that parallels those for diesel. Changes f
37、or the 2005 editionalso included new annex material for diesel fuel testing and maintenance procedures, as well as transfer switches.Significant revisions to the 2010 edition include the following:(1) Clarification that the standard is intended to apply to those EPSSs classed as either Level 1 or Le
38、vel 2 systems.Applying the requirements of this standard to systems classed as optional standby is not mandatory.(2) Revision of the application section to indicate that the operation testing and routine maintenance requirementsof Chapter 8 cover new and existing EPSSs.(3) Revisions to the definitio
39、ns of Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) and Nonautomatic Transfer Switch for consistencywith NFPA 111, Standard on Stored Electrical Energy Emergency and Standby Power Systems, and for correlation withrelevant product standards covering the construction of transfer switches.(4) Revisions to the requir
40、ements of Chapter 7 for acceptance testing that distinguish what is required for new andunoccupied buildings and facilities versus the requirements for existing occupied buildings and facilities. Inaddition, requirements for test duration, step-testing intervals, and required documentation have been
41、 modified.(5) Revisions to the requirements of Chapter 8 on operational test durations for diesel and spark-ignited primemovers. In addition, the 36-month test requirement has been revised to clarify the maximum duration, theminimum acceptable EPS loading or operating condition, and the method of te
42、st initiation.1102 EMERGENCY AND STANDBY POWER SYSTEMS2010 EditionTechnical Correlating Committee on National Electrical Code(NEC-AAC)James W. Carpenter, ChairInternational Association of Electrical Inspectors, TX EMark W. Earley, SecretaryNational Fire Protection Association, MA(nonvoting)Jean A. O
43、Connor, Recording SecretaryNational Fire Protection Association, MA(nonvoting)James E. Brunssen, Telcordia, NJ UTRep. Alliance for Telecommunications IndustrySolutionsMerton W. Bunker, Jr., U.S. Department of State, VA U(Voting limited to Document 110, Document 111,Document 70, Document 70B, Documen
44、t 70E,Document 79)James M. Daly, General Cable, NJ MRep. National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationWilliam R. Drake, Marinco, CA MStanley J. Folz, Morse Electric Company, NV IMRep. National Electrical Contractors AssociationPalmer L. Hickman, National Joint Apprenticenor does it approve or evalu-
45、ate testing laboratories. In determining the acceptability ofinstallations, procedures, equipment, or materials, the author-ity having jurisdiction may base acceptance on compliancewith NFPA or other appropriate standards. In the absence ofsuch standards, said authority may require evidence of prope
46、rinstallation, procedure, or use. The authority having jurisdic-tion may also refer to the listings or labeling practices of anorganization that is concerned with product evaluations and isthus in a position to determine compliance with appropriatestandards for the current production of listed items
47、.A.3.2.2 Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). The phrase “au-thority having jurisdiction,” or its acronym AHJ, is used inNFPA documents in a broad manner, since jurisdictions andapproval agencies vary, as do their responsibilities. Where pub-lic safety is primary, the authority having jurisdiction m
48、ay be a11020 EMERGENCY AND STANDBY POWER SYSTEMS2010 Editionfederal, state, local, or other regional department or indi-vidual such as a fire chief; fire marshal; chief of a fire preven-tion bureau, labor department, or health department; build-ing official; electrical inspector; or others having statutoryauthority. For insurance purposes, an insurance inspection de-partment, rating burea
