1、NFPA18A Standard on Water Additives for Fire Control and Vapor Mitigation 2011 Edition NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471 An International Codes and Standards Organization NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE OF NFPA DOCUMENTS NFPAcodes, standards, recommended practice
2、s, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve cons
3、ensus on fire and other safety issues. While the NFPA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in NFPA Documents.
4、The NFPA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on NFPA Documents. The NFPA also makes no guaranty or warrant
5、y as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein. In issuing and making NFPA Documents available, the NFPA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is the NFPA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person
6、or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. The NFPA has no power, nor does it undertake, to police
7、or enforce compliance with the contents of NFPA Documents. Nor does the NFPA list, certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for compliance with this document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this document shall not be attributable to t
8、he NFPA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. ISBN: 978-161665698-0 (Print) ISBN: 978-145590007-7 (PDF) 12/09IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA DOCUMENTS IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA DOCUMENTS ADDITIONAL NOTICES AND DISCLAIME
9、RS Updating of NFPA Documents Users of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”) should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendmen
10、ts. An official NFPA Document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim Amendments and any Errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance
11、of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected through the issuance of Errata, consult appropriate NFPA publications such as the National Fire Codes Subscription Service, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org, or contact the NFPA at the address listed below. Interpretations of NFPA Documents A statem
12、ent, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with Section 6 of the Regulations Governing Committee Projects shall not be considered the official position of NFPA or any of its Committees and shall not be considered to be, nor be relied upon as, a Formal Interpretation. Patents The NFPA
13、does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights referenced in, related to, or asserted in connection with an NFPA Document. The users of NFPA Documents bear the sole responsibility for determining the validity of any such patent rights, as well as the risk of infringemen
14、t of such rights, and the NFPA disclaims liability for the infringement of any patent resulting from the use of or reliance on NFPA Documents. NFPA adheres to the policy of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) regarding the inclusion of patents in American National Standards (“the ANSI P
15、atent Policy”), and hereby gives the following notice pursuant to that policy: NOTICE: The users attention is called to the possibility that compliance with an NFPA Document may require use of an invention covered by patent rights. NFPA takes no position as to the validity of any such patent rights
16、or as to whether such patent rights constitute or include essential patent claims under the ANSI Patent Policy. If, in connection with the ANSI Patent Policy, a patent holder has filed a statement of willingness to grant licenses under these rights on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and condi
17、tions to applicants desiring to obtain such a license, copies of such filed statements can be obtained, on request, from NFPA. For further information, contact the NFPA at the address listed below. Law and Regulations Users of NFPA Documents should consult applicable federal, state, and local laws a
18、nd regulations. NFPA does not, by the publication of its codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights NFPA Documents are copyrighted by the NFPA. They are ma
19、de available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of safe practices and methods. By making these documents available for use and adoption by public aut
20、horities and private users, the NFPA does not waive any rights in copyright to these documents. Use of NFPA Documents for regulatory purposes should be accomplished through adoption by reference. The term “adoption by reference” means the citing of title, edition, and publishing information only. An
21、y deletions, additions, and changes desired by the adopting authority should be noted separately in the adopting instrument. In order to assist NFPA in following the uses made of its documents, adopting authorities are requested to notify the NFPA (Attention: Secretary, Standards Council) in writing
22、 of such use. For technical assistance and questions concerning adoption of NFPA Documents, contact NFPA at the address below. For Further Information All questions or other communications relating to NFPA Documents and all requests for information on NFPA procedures governing its codes and standard
23、s development process, including information on the procedures for requesting Formal Interpretations, for proposing Tentative Interim Amendments, and for proposing revisions to NFPA documents during regular revision cycles, should be sent to NFPA headquarters, addressed to the attention of the Secre
24、tary, Standards Council, NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02169-7471; email: stds_adminnfpa.org For more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. 12/09Copyright 2010 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved.NFPA18AStandard onWater Additives
25、 for Fire Control and Vapor Mitigation2011 EditionThis edition of NFPA 18A, StandardonWaterAdditivesforFireControlandVaporMitigation, wasprepared by the Technical Committee on Water Additives for Fire Control and Vapor Mitiga-tion. It was issued by the Standards Council on December 14, 2010, with an
26、 effective date ofJanuary 3, 2011, and supersedes all previous editions.This edition of NFPA 18A was approved as an American National Standard on January 3, 2011.Origin and Development of NFPA 18AIn 1998, the NFPA Standards Council approved the formation of the Technical Committee onWater Additives
27、for Fire Control and Vapor Mitigation. The committee was tasked with havingprimary responsibility for documents on the manufacture, testing, application, and use of wateradditives for the control and/or suppression of fire and flammable vapor mitigation, includingwater additives used to prevent or r
28、educe the spread of fire and the use of water additives in fixed,semi-fixed, mobile, and portable fire suppression systems. The standard they were given wasNFPA 18, WettingAgents.Initially, the committee proposed to combine wetting agents and water additives underone standard. This effort was return
29、ed to the committee by Association action in June 2003. Asa result, the committee decided to divide this work into two subject areas and standards,retaining and revising NFPA 18 and creating a new standard addressing water additives,NFPA 18A, the first edition of which was issued in 2007.Changes in
30、the 2011 edition include a reorganization of Chapters 5 and 6, clarification oftest procedures and criteria, and the removal of secondary (U.S.) units throughout much ofthe text.18A1NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Q
31、uincy, Massachusetts 02169.Technical Committee on Water Additives for Fire Control and Vapor MitigationArmand V. Brandao, ChairFM Approvals, MA IMichael T. Greiner, SecretaryHazard Control Technologies, Inc., GA MDominic J. Colletti, Hale Products, Inc., PA MRep. Fire Apparatus Manufacturers Associa
32、tionJames M. Figueira, Environmental Chemical Solutions,CA MCharles W. George, IFSC Consultants, MT SECecilia W. Johnson, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, MT RTBlake M. Shugarman, Underwriters Laboratories Inc.,IL RTStanley R. Tarnowski, FIRESAFE Consulting Group,GA SERobert E. Tinsley, Jr., Pyrocool Techno
33、logies, Inc.,VA MLarry Vandersall, Lawdon Fire Services, Inc., CA SERep. TC on Forest and Rural Fire ProtectionAlternatesBob R. Carter, Hazard Control Technologies Canada,Canada M(Alt. to M. T. Greiner)Gerald J. Halpin III, CET Fire Pumps Manufacturing,Canada M(Alt. to D. J. Colletti)George Unger, U
34、nderwriters Laboratories of Canada,Canada RT(Alt. to B. M. Shugarman)Bennie Vincent, FM Global, MA I(Alt. to A. V. Brandao)Richard P. Bielen, NFPA Staff LiaisonThis list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time,changes in the
35、 membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document.NOTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association orany document developed by the committee on which the member serves.Committee Scope: This Committee sh
36、all have primary responsibility for documents on the manufacture,testing, application, and use of water additives for the control and/or suppression of fire and flammablevapor mitigation including water additives used to prevent or reduce the spread of fire and the use of wateradditives in fixed, se
37、mi-fixed, mobile, and portable fire suppression systems.18A2 WATER ADDITIVES FOR FIRE CONTROL AND VAPOR MITIGATION2011 EditionContentsChapter 1 Administration . 18A41.1 Scope 18A41.2 Purpose 18A41.3 Application . 18A41.4 Retroactivity 18A41.5 Equivalency . 18A41.6 Units and Formulas 18A4Chapter 2 Re
38、ferenced Publications 18A42.1 General 18A42.2 NFPA Publications 18A42.3 Other Publications . 18A42.4 References for Extracts in MandatorySections . 18A5Chapter 3 Definitions 18A53.1 General 18A53.2 NFPA Official Definitions . 18A53.3 General Definitions 18A5Chapter 4 Uses and Limitations . 18A64.1 G
39、eneral 18A64.2 Limitations . 18A64.3 Compatibility of Water AdditiveConcentrate and Solutions. 18A74.4 Concentrations 18A7Chapter 5 Properties and General TestProtocols for Evaluation of WaterAdditive Concentrate andSolution . 18A75.1 General. . 18A75.2 Toxicity and Environmental Tests. 18A75.3 Phys
40、ical Properties. . 18A75.4 Stability. . 18A85.5 Uniform Corrosion. 18A95.6 Intergranular Corrosion Test. 18A105.7 Compatibility with NonmetallicMaterials 18A11Chapter 6 Class A Fire Test Methods . 18A126.1 General. . 18A126.2 Wood Panel Fire Test. 18A126.3 Wood Crib Fire Test. . 18A12Chapter 7 Class
41、 B Fire Test Methods 18A127.1 General 18A127.2 Spill Fire Test 18A127.3 Pool Fire Test 18A137.4 Three-Dimensional Fuel Fire Test 18A147.5 Polar Solvents Fire Test. (Reserved) 18A147.6 Emulsification Test. 18A157.7 Fuel in Depth Fire Test. (Reserved) 18A15Chapter 8 Packaging and Labeling . 18A158.1 P
42、ackaging . 18A158.2 Storage. . 18A158.3 Labeling . 18A15Chapter 9 Supply . 18A159.1 System Requirements. . 18A159.2 Fire Department Supply Requirements . 18A159.3 Fixed Systems 18A15Chapter 10 Inspection, Testing, andMaintenance of Fixed Systems . 18A1610.1 Fixed Extinguishing Systems. 18A1610.2 Ins
43、pection of Water AdditiveConcentrate. . 18A16Annex A Explanatory Material . 18A16Annex B Residual Fire Retardancy . 18A19Annex C ICAL Radiant Panel Test for ExposureProtection 18A19Annex D Three-Dimensional Fire TestApparatus . 18A20Annex E Informational References 18A20Index . 18A2518A3CONTENTS2011
44、 EditionNFPA 18AStandard onWater Additives for Fire Control and VaporMitigation2011 EditionIMPORTANT NOTE: This NFPA document is made available foruse subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These noticesand disclaimers appear in all publications containing this documentand may be found
45、under the heading “Important Notices and Dis-claimers Concerning NFPA Documents.” They can also be obtainedon request from NFPA or viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.NOTICE: An asterisk (*) following the number or letterdesignating a paragraph indicates that explanatory materialon the paragraph can
46、be found in Annex A.A reference in brackets following a section or paragraphindicates material that has been extracted from another NFPAdocument. As an aid to the user, the complete title and editionof the source documents for extracts in mandatory sections ofthe document are given in Chapter 2 and
47、those for extracts ininformational sections are given in Annex E. Extracted textmay be edited for consistency and style and may include therevision of internal paragraph references and other refer-ences as appropriate. Requests for interpretations or revisionsof extracted text shall be sent to the t
48、echnical committee re-sponsible for the source document.Changes other than editorial are indicated by a verticalrule beside the paragraph, table, or figure in which thechange occurred. These rules are included as an aid to theuser in identifying changes from the previous edition. Whereone or more co
49、mplete paragraphs have been deleted, the de-letion is indicated by a bullet ( ) between the paragraphs thatremain.Information on referenced publications can be found inChapter 2 and Annex E.Chapter 1 Administration1.1 Scope. This standard provides the minimum requirementsfor water additives used for the control and/or suppression ofClass A and Class B fires and the mitigation of flammable vapors.1.2 Purpose. This standard is intend
