1、 The following commercial specification is originally adopted from the military document. Revision A includes all known accepted revisions, amendments, notices, and Department of Defense (DoD) engineering changes previously developed for this item. Revision B and forward include changes adopted to r
2、eflect technology and design evolution. HARDWARE, PARACHUTE, GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR The Parachute Industry Association makes this document available for use by Industry and Government organizations that wish to apply this specification to their products. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope. This specification cov
3、ers the general requirements for all types of parachute hardware. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification nor is it recomme
4、nded for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements cited in Sections 3 and 4 of this specification, whether or not they are listed. 2.2 Government public
5、ations. 2.2.1 Government publications. The following Government publications form a part of this document. SPECIFICATION MILITARY MIL-DTL-3688 - Wax Emulsion (Rust Inhibiting) MIL-A-8625 - Anodic Coatings, for Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys MIL-DTL-16232 - Phosphate Coating, Heavy, Manganese or Zinc B
6、ase PIA-H-7195C 26 January 2015 Superseding PIA-H-7195C 15 November 2010 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: All Rights Reserved. No Part of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from Parachute Industry Association. Additional copies may be purchased online from PIA Specifications
7、and Products at: . Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-H-7195C STANDARDS MILITARY MIL-STD-889 - DISSIMILAR METALS (Unless otherwise indicated, copies of specifications and standards are available from the DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094. Electron
8、ic copies of Military Specifications and Federal Standards may be obtained from https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/ 2.3 Non-government publications. The following non-government publication forms a part of this document. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS (ASME) ASME B46.1 - Surface Textur
9、e (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and Lay) (Application for copies of ASME publications should be addressed to American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990. Electronic copies may be obtained from www.asme.org/.) AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR QUALITY (ASQ) ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 - S
10、ampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes (Copies are available online: www.asq.org or from the American Society for Quality, 600 North Plankinton Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53203.) ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM) ASTM A 370 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Ste
11、el Products ASTM E 18 - Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E 1444 - Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing (Application for copies should be addressed to the ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Electronic copies may
12、 be obtained from www.astm.org.) SAE INTERNATIONAL (SAE) AMSQQP416 - Plating, Cadmium (Electrodeposited) AMS2700 - Passivation of Corrosion Resistant Steels AMS2759 - Heat Treatment of Steel Parts, General Requirements AMSH6875 - Heat Treatment of Steel Raw Materials Page 2 of 7 Copyright Protected:
13、 Do Not Copy!PIA-H-7195C (Application for copies should be addressed to SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096. Electronic copies may be obtained from www.sae.org.) 2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise stated herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between
14、 the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 First article. When specified in the contract or pu
15、rchase order, samples shall be subjected to first article inspection (see 4.3and 6.1). 3.2 Materials. Materials shall be as specified on the applicable detail drawing or military standard. 3.2.1 Metals. 3.2.1.1 Dissimilar metals. Unless suitably protected against electrolytic corrosion, dissimilar m
16、etals shall not be used in contact with each. Dissimilar metals are defined in MIL-STD-889. 3.2.1.2 Heat treatment. Unless otherwise specified, steel hardware shall be heat-treated in accordance with AMS2759 or the applicable drawings or specifications. 3.2.1.3 Hardness. The Rockwell Hardness values
17、, resulting from tests conducted in accordance with ASTM E 18, shall be used as a measure of tensile strength of the applicable alloy steel hardware. The Rockwell Hardness range of values for the hardware shall be equivalent to the tensile strength range per ASTM A 370 and allowances per ASTM E 18.
18、3.3 Construction. The hardware shall be constructed in accordance with the applicable detail drawing or military standard (see 6.1). When this specification and the drawing/standard conflict, the drawing/standard shall govern. 3.3.1 Method of manufacture. Unless otherwise specified, the method of ma
19、nufacturing of the hardware shall be by forging, stamping, forming, machining, casting, or by any other methods which meet specified requirements. 3.3.2 Hardware. Hardware shall be manufactured of material traceable to the original manufacturing source to confirm positively that it complies with all
20、 requirements specified herein, particularly related to required physical properties of metals. Hardware shall not be surplus property or repaired. 3.4 Performance. 3.4.1 Proof loading. When specified on the applicable drawing or military standard, the hardware shall be subjected to the proof load s
21、pecified thereon. No breakage or deformation shall occur when tested per 4.4.2.3 and examined per 4.4.2.4. 3.4.2 Magnetic particle inspection. When specified in the applicable military standard or detail drawing, the hardware shall be subjected to magnetic particle inspection. Unless otherwise Page
22、3 of 7 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-H-7195C specified, no relevant indication of defects shall be present (see 4.4.2.7). 3.4.3 Functional. When specified on the applicable detail drawing or standard, the hardware shall pass all functional test and assembly requirements specified (see 4.4.2.4
23、.2 and 6.4.2). 3.5 Dimensions. Hardware shall be in accordance with applicable drawings or military standards. 3.6 Surface roughness. Machined surfaces shall be as specified on the applicable detail drawing or military standard. Forged surfaces shall have a 115 roughness height rating or better, exc
24、ept that surfaces adjacent to a flash line shall have a 135 roughness height rating or better. 3.7 Finish. The finish shall be as specified on the applicable drawings. All hardware shall be clean and free of scale, rust, discoloration and deposits of any other foreign matter. Unless otherwise specif
25、ied on the drawings, steel hardware parts (other than corrosion resistant steel) shall be cadmium plated per SAE AMSQQP416, or phosphate coat, per MIL-DTL-16232, followed by wax emulsion per MIL-DTL-3688. Aluminum hardware shall be anodized in accordance with MIL-A-8625, unless otherwise specified.
26、Unless otherwise specified, stainless steel hardware parts shall be passivated on drawing per AMS2700. 3.8 Identification of product. Unless otherwise specified, all hardware items except those that are impractical to mark such as hook eyes, cables and grommets shall be permanently marked with the m
27、anufacturers symbol and/or Cage Code , the part number and the year and month of manufacturer (mm/yy). In addition, hardware covered by detail drawings or military standards shall be marked with the number of the drawing or standard. If impression stamping is not used, the method of marking shall be
28、 subject to the approval of the procuring activity. The number shall be legible, separate and distinctive from the manufacturers code mark. Component parts of an assembly need not be marked unless the parts are functionally separable, such as separable links and release devices. All identification m
29、arkings shall be in a location, and applied in a manner, that will not affect the serviceability of the part nor be detrimental to the corrosion protection of the hardware. 3.9 Workmanship. All details of workmanship shall be in accordance with the highest grade of manufacturing practice. The hardwa
30、re shall be free from burrs, sharp edges, fins, pits, cracks, laps and burst. Inner forging flash shall be removed flush with adjoining surfaces. External forging flash or die shift irregularities shall be faired in with adjoining surfaces. All inner and outer edges shall be broken and smoothed .005
31、- .015R. All surfaces shall be free from scale and not unduly roughened as a result of pickling. Except at the broken edges and rounded corners, surfaces fronting knurled faces of a sliding bar (i.e., quick-fit hardware) shall be flat. 4. VERIFICATION 4.1 Responsibility for inspection. Unless otherw
32、ise specified in the contract or purchase order, the contractor is responsible for the performance of all inspection requirements as specified herein. Except as otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the contractor may use his own or any other facilities suitable for the performance
33、of the inspection requirements specified herein, unless disapproved by the Government. The Government reserves the right to perform any of the inspections set forth in this specification where such inspections are deemed necessary to ensure supplies and services conform to prescribed requirements. P
34、age 4 of 7 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-H-7195C 4.1.1 Responsibility for compliance. All items shall meet all requirements of Sections 3 and 5. The inspection set forth in this specification shall become part of the contractors overall inspection system or quality program. The absence of any
35、 inspection requirements in this specification shall not relieve the contractor of the responsibility of ensuring that all products or supplies submitted to the Government for acceptance comply with all requirements of the contract. Sampling inspection, as part of manufacturing operations, is an acc
36、eptable practice to ascertain conformance to requirements, however, this does not authorize submission of known defective material, either indicated or actual, nor does it commit the Government to accept defective material. 4.2 Classification of inspections. The inspection requirements specified her
37、ein are classified as follows: a. First article inspection (see 4.3) b. Quality conformance inspection (see 4.4). 4.3 First article inspection. When required (see 6.1), examination and testing of first article samples shall be made of completely fabricated items for all provisions of this specificat
38、ion. 4.4 Conformance inspection. Conformance inspection shall include examination of 4.4.2 and tests of 4.4.2.1 through 4.4.2.7. Sampling for inspection shall be performed in accordance with ANSI/ASQ Z1.4, and with the quality acceptance limits as specified in this document, unless otherwise specifi
39、ed in the procurement document. 4.4.1 Inspection of materials and components. In accordance with 4.1, the contractor is responsible for insuring that components and materials used were manufactured, tested, and inspected in accordance with the requirements of referenced subsidiary specifications and
40、 standards to the extent specified herein, or if none, in accordance with this specification. The contractor is responsible for maintaining Certifications of Compliance for all material and processes, including measured chemical composition for all materials. 4.4.2 Inspection of the end item. 4.4.2.
41、1 Visual examination. Hardware shall be visually examined to determine compliance with the applicable requirements of 3.7, 3.8 and 3.9. 4.4.2.2 Surface roughness. Surface roughness shall be in accordance with ANSI/ASME B46.1, as required by the applicable drawing or military standard (see 3.6). 4.4.
42、2.3 Proof and ultimate loading. Each piece of hardware shall be subjected to proof and ultimate loads specified on the applicable drawing or military standard (see 3.4.1). 4.4.2.4 Examination for dimensions and functional tests. 4.4.2.4.1 Dimensional. The hardware shall be examined for dimensions sp
43、ecified on the applicable drawings or military standards, or as provided by the procuring activity (see 3.5). Quality conformance inspection shall be determined by examination of critical dimensions as specified on the applicable drawing, military standard, or as provided by the procuring activity (
44、see 3.5). The inspection level shall be S-4, unless otherwise specified on the military standard. The finding of any defect shall be cause for rejection of the lot. When a first article is required, Page 5 of 7 Copyright Protected: Do Not Copy!PIA-H-7195C acceptance shall be based on the evidence th
45、at there are no defects. No sample shall contain less than 10 pieces of hardware. 4.4.2.4.2 Functional. The functional test shall be performed after proof loading. The hardware shall be examined for all functional test requirements specified on the applicable Drawings, or military standard, or as pr
46、ovided by the procuring activity (see 3.4.3). The lot shall consist of units of hardware as defined by the same part number. The sample size shall be the number of units indicated by inspection level S-4, except that no sample shall contain less than ten units. Failure of a unit to pass all function
47、al test requirements shall cause rejection of the lot. 4.4.2.5 Hardness test. Sample units shall be tested to determine compliance within the Rockwell Harness range of hardness values specified in 3.2.1.3. At least three valid indentations shall be made on each sample unit and the average value used
48、 in determining the harness number. The inspection level S-4, C =0, except on 0, reject = 1, of ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 shall apply, except that each sample shall contain a minimum of ten pieces of hardware. Hardness testing shall be performed as per ASTM E18, at locations indicated on the applicable drawing
49、or military standard, or in the thickest sections suitable, when not otherwise specified. Any piece in the sample having an equivalent tensile strength value that falls outside the specified tensile strength range shall cause rejection of the lot. 4.4.2.6 Packaging inspection. An examination will be made to determine if the preservation, packaging, packing and marking required in Section 5 of this specification have been met. A sample unit shall be one shipping container fully prepa
