1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、 Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org ARP5602/1 AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE Issued 2007-10 A Guideline for Aerospace Platform Fiber Optic Training and Awareness Education Introduction to Aerospace Fiber Optics Knowledge Competencies RATIONALE The Aero
5、space industry has always required the highest standards of workmanship to be maintained. To ensure that the Aerospace fiber optics industry adopts these same high standards, its essential that minimum training and certification requirements be established. This document outlines the minimum trainin
6、g requirements for all personnel working or associated with fiber optic components or systems in accordance with aerospace industry best practices. 1. SCOPE This document establishes training guidelines applicable to fiber optic safety training, technical training and fiber awareness for individuals
7、 involved in the manufacturing, installation, support, integration and testing of fiber optic systems. Applicable personnel include: Managers Engineers Technicians Logisticians Trainers/Instructors Third Party Maintenance Agencies Quality Assurance Shipping Receiving Production Purchasing SAE ARP560
8、2/1 - 2 - 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of confl
9、ict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1 ANSI Publications Available from American National Standards
10、 Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ANSI Z136.1-200 American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers ANSI Z136.2-1997 American National Standard for the Safe Use of Optical Fiber Communication Systems Utilizing Laser Diode and LED Sources ANSI/
11、TIA-440-B-2004 Fiber Optic Terminology 2.2 IEC Publications Available from International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembe, P.O. Box 131, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Tel: +44-22-919-02-11, www.iec.ch. IEC 60825-1 Laser Safety Equipment Classification (Safety of laser products) IEC 6082
12、5-2 Safety of Optical Fibre Communication Systems IEC 60825-4 Laser Guards 2.3 NASA Publications Available from NASA, Documentation, Marshall Space Flight Center, AL 35812, www.nas.nasa.gov. NASA-STD-8739.5 Fiber Optic Terminations, Cable Assemblies, and Installation 2.4 NAVAIR Publications Availabl
13、e from Commanding Officer, Naval Air Technical Data and Engineering Service Command, Naval Air Station, North Island, P.O. Box 357031, Building 90, Distribution, San Diego, CA 92135-7031. NAVAIR 01-1A-505.4 Installation and Testing Practices Aircraft Fiber Optic Cabling SAE ARP5602/1 - 3 - 2.5 U.S.
14、Government Publications Available from the Document Automation and Production Service (DAPS), Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 215-697-6257, http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/. FED-STD-1037C Glossary of Telecommunications Terms 2.6 Other Applicable References U
15、nderstanding Fiber Optics, Jeff Hecht, ISBN 0-13-956145-5 Fiber Optics Installer and Technician Guide, Bill Woodward, ISBN 0-7821-4390-3 3. HOW TO USE THIS DOCUMENT This document is intended to be used as a guideline for all persons conducting aerospace fiber optic awareness training. This training
16、document is broken into 16 major categories. Each category contains detailed training competencies. The detailed training competencies describe the level of knowledge each student should have about that particular item. 1. INTRODUCTION TO AEROSPACE FIBER OPTICS 1.1 Explain the historical evolution o
17、f fiber optic technology 1.2 Explain the harsh environments of fiber optic technology in aeronautical and space applications 2. PRINCIPLES OF FIBER OPTIC TRANSMISSION 2.1 Describe the basic parts of a fiber optic link 2.2 Describe the basic operation of a fiber optic transmitter 2.3 Describe the bas
18、ic operation of a fiber optic receiver 2.4 Describe how the decibel is used to compare relative power levels (dB) 2.5 Describe how the decibel is used to measure absolute power (dBm) 3. SAFETY AWARENESS 3.1 Explain personnel and platform safety issues including foreign object damage (FOD) and equipm
19、ent damage 3.2 Describe the best practices associated with the safe handling of fiber materials and hand tools 3.3 Describe how to properly dispose of fiber optic waste 3.4 Explain how to properly handle hazardous materials and the purpose of a material safety data sheet (MSDS) 3.5 Describe emergenc
20、y procedures 4. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF LIGHT 4.1 Compare wavelength and frequency, and demonstrate how to calculate one when the other is known 4.2 Explain light wave and light particle theory SAE ARP5602/1 - 4 - 4.3 Describe the electromagnetic and light spectrum 4.4 Describe refraction 4.5 Explain re
21、flection to include angle of incidence, critical angle, and angle of refraction 4.6 Explain how the index of refraction is used to describe the speed of light through a transparent material 4.7 Describe angle of incidence 4.8 Explain Fresnel reflections and how they can impact the performance of a f
22、iber optic communication system 4.9 Explain Snells law 5. OPTICAL FIBER CONSTRUCTION AND THEORY 5.1 Describe basic optical fiber manufacturing techniques 5.2 Describe the core of an optical fiber 5.3 Describe the cladding of an optical fiber 5.4 Describe the different types of optical fiber coatings
23、 specific to aerospace applications 5.5 Describe mode in an optical fiber 5.6 Describe the three refractive index profiles commonly found in optical fiber 5.7 Explain how an optical fiber is categorized by modes and refractive index profiles 6. OPTICAL FIBER CHARACTERISTICS 6.1 Describe modal disper
24、sion and its effects on the bandwidth of an optical fiber 6.2 Describe material dispersion and its effects on the bandwidth of an optical fiber 6.3 Describe waveguide dispersion and its effects on the bandwidth of an optical fiber 6.4 Describe the causes of attenuation in an optical fiber 6.5 Descri
25、be the numerical aperture of an optical fiber 6.6 Describe the cone of acceptance 6.7 Describe microbends in an optical fiber 6.8 Describe macrobends in an optical fiber 6.9 Define tensile strength 6.10 Define bend radius limitations SAE ARP5602/1 - 5 - 7. FIBER OPTIC SOURCES 7.1 List safety classif
26、ications of fiber optic light sources 7.2 Describe the basic operation and output pattern of an LED 7.3 Describe the basic operation and output pattern of a laser 8. FIBER OPTIC DETECTORS 8.1 Describe the basic operation of a photodiode 8.2 Describe the performance characteristics of PIN and APD pho
27、todiodes 8.3 Explain the effects of saturation on detectors 9. AEROSPACE FIBER OPTIC CABLES (UNTERMINATED) 9.1 Draw a cross section of a simplex aerospace fiber optic cable and explain the purpose of each segment 9.2 Explain loose structure 9.3 Explain tight structure 9.4 Explain loose buffer tube 9
28、.5 Explain tight buffer 9.6 Describe tensile strength properties 9.7 Describe common strength members used in aerospace and contrast with telecommunications 9.8 Describe common jacket materials used in aerospace and contrast with telecommunications 9.9 Explain installation and operating bend radius
29、9.10 Describe simplex, duplex, and multi-fiber cables 9.11 Describe ribbon cables 9.12 Explain variations in the aerospace industry of cable color codes and markings 10. AEROSPACE FIBER OPTIC INTERCONNECTS (UNTERMINATED) 10.1 Describe the basic components of a single fiber connector and multi-fiber
30、interconnect 10.2 Describe ferrule materials/composition 10.3 Describe how intrinsic factors can affect connector performance 10.4 Describe how extrinsic factors can affect connector performance 10.5 Describe ferrule endfaces and characteristics 10.6 Describe lensed contacts SAE ARP5602/1 - 6 - 10.7
31、 Describe tunable ferrules in connectors (FC and LC) 10.8 Describe termini in multi-fiber connectors (keyed and un-keyed) 10.9 Describe alignment sleeves in multi-fiber connectors 10.10 Describe common commercial and aerospace connector types 11. TERMINATION TECHNIQUES 11.1 Identify hand tools 11.2
32、Explain cable preparation 11.3 Describe cable stripping 11.4 Explain the purpose of in-process inspection 11.5 Explain the importance of cleanliness in the termination process 11.6 Describe cleaving and the tools used 11.7 Describe the types of adhesives and their uses 11.8 Explain the purpose of cr
33、imping 11.9 Describe heat shrink tubing and how it is used 11.10 Explain adhesive curing 11.11 Describe polishing techniques 11.12 Explain why crimp and cleave type terminations are not recommended for aerospace applications 11.13 Explain the purpose of cleaning ferrules and endfaces 11.14 Describe
34、a “pigtail” used for cable termination and electronics and associated precautions 12. CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY 12.1 Describe potential problems in connectorization of fiber cables 12.2 List best practices used in aerospace fiber connectorization 12.3 List accessories utilized in connector assembly 13. HAR
35、NESS ASSEMBLY 13.1 Describe harness assembly techniques commonly found in aerospace systems 13.2 Describe best practices for harness installation SAE ARP5602/1 - 7 - 14. LABELING 14.1 Explain the importance of labeling all cabling in aerospace systems (AS50881) 14.2 Describe cable identification bes
36、t practices 15. TEST AND INSPECTION EQUIPMENT 15.1 Describe the purposes and importance of system testing 15.2 Describe best practices utilized in testing and inspection of fiber cabling systems 15.3 Explain the purpose of connector cleanliness 15.4 Describe the types of visual inspection equipment
37、and applications 15.5 Explain how much magnification is necessary for visual inspection 15.6 Describe endface geometry measurement equipment 15.7 Describe the operation and application of an optical continuity tester 15.8 Identify and explain how a light source is used in fiber optic testing 15.9 Ex
38、plain the basic operation and application of an optical power meter 15.10 List the basic equipment used to measure return loss 15.11 Describe an aerospace measurement quality jumper (AMQJ) 15.12 Explain the purpose and basic theory of optical reflectometry 15.13 Describe why a launch condition analy
39、zer is used 15.14 Explain the basic operation of a directional coupler 15.15 Define attenuators and explain where they are used 15.16 Explain the purpose of system bit error rate (BER) testing 15.17 Explain how and when fiber test equipment must be calibrated 15.18 List the procedures and record kee
40、ping requirements for installation and repair incidents 16. TEST METHODS AND APPLICATION 16.1 Explain the need for standardized test methods 16.2 Describe best practices for testing 16.3 Describe continuity testing of an optical fiber 16.4 Describe visual fault location techniques 16.5 Describe inse
41、rtion loss testing SAE ARP5602/1 - 8 - 16.6 Describe reflectance testing 16.7 Describe cable and endface visual inspection 16.8 Describe endface geometry inspection 16.9 Describe the basic operation of an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) 16.10 Describe the basic operation of an optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR) 16.11 Explain procedure recording and documentation 16.12 Describe troubleshooting PREPARED BY SAE COMMITTEE AS-3, FIBER OPTICS AND APPLIED PHOTONICS
