1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro
2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2001 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights are reserved. Printed in
3、U.S.A.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790 SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001AEROSPACESTANDARDAS400 REV.BIssued 1947-07Noncurrent 1985-10Reaf. Noncur. 1991-05Revised 2001-07Superseding AS400ACargo Compartment Fire Detection In
4、struments(Reciprocating Engine Powered Aircraft)FOREWORDChanges in this Revision are format/editorial only.1. SCOPE:This Aerospace Standard covers three basic types of cargo compartment fire detector instruments.1.1 Basic Types - Definition of:Type I Carbon Monoxide, an instrument which will actuate
5、 an alarm signal when the concentration of carbon monoxide in air exceeds a specified value.Type II Smoke Detector, Electronic, an instrument operating on the principle of smoke particles modifying the relationship between a light beam and electronic light sensor which will actuate an alarm signal w
6、hen the concentration of smoke in air exceeds a specified value.Type III Smoke Detector, Visual, an instrument which, by visual means, will show in a positive manner the presence of smoke when the concentration of smoke in air exceeds a specified value.1.2 Purpose:This Aerospace Standard establishes
7、 the essential minimum safe performance standards for cargo compartment fire detector instruments primarily for use with reciprocating engine-powered transport aircraft, the operation of which may subject the instruments to the environmental conditions specified in Section 3.3.SAE AS400 Revision B-
8、2 -2. REFERENCES:NACA Report 12353. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:3.1 Materials and Workmanship:3.1.1 Materials: Materials shall be of a quality which experience and/or tests have demonstrated to be suitable and dependable for use in aircraft instruments.3.1.2 Workmanship: Workmanship shall be consistent wit
9、h high-grade aircraft instrument manufacturing practice.3.2 Identification:The following information shall be legibly and permanently marked on the instrument or attached thereto:a. Name of Instrumentb. SAE AS400Bc. Manufacturers Part Numberd. Manufacturers Serial Number or Date of Manufacturee. Man
10、ufacturers Name and/or Trade-markf. Rating (Electrical, Vacuum, Etc.)g. Type Numberh. Alarm Setting3.3 Environmental Conditions:The following conditions have been established as minimum design requirements. Tests shall be conducted as specified in Sections 5, 6 and 7.3.3.1 Temperature: When installe
11、d in accordance with the instrument manufacturers instructions, the instrument shall function over the ranges of ambient temperatures shown in Column A below and shall not be adversely affected by exposure to the range of temperatures shown in Column B below.TABLE 1Instrument Location A BHeated Area
12、s (Temperature Controlled) -30 to 50 C -65 to 70 CUnheated Areas (Temperature Uncontrolled) -55 to 70 C -65 to 70 CSAE AS400 Revision B- 3 -3.3.2 Altitude: The instrument shall function and shall not be adversely affected following exposure to a pressure and temperature range equivalent to -1000 to
13、40,000 feet standard altitude per NACA Report 1235, except as limited by application of Paragraph 3.3.1. The Instrument shall not be adversely affected when subjected to an ambient pressure of 50 inches of mercury absolute.3.3.3 Vibration: When installed in accordance with the instrument manufacture
14、rs instructions, the instruments shall function and shall not be adversely affected when subjected to vibrations of the following characteristics:3.3.4 Humidity: The instrument shall function and shall not be adversely affected following exposure to any relative humidity in the range from 0 to 95% a
15、t a temperature of approximately 70 C.3.4 Fire Hazard:The instrument shall be so designed to safeguard against hazards to the aircraft in the event of malfunction or failure, and the maximum operating temperature of surfaces of any instrument component contacted by combustible fuel or vapor shall no
16、t exceed 200 C due to self-heating.3.5 Radio Interference:The instruments shall not be the source of objectionable interference, under operating conditions at any frequencies used on aircraft either by radiation or feed-back in electronic equipment installed in the same aircraft as the instrument.3.
17、6 Magnetic Effect:The magnetic effect of the instruments shall not adversely affect the performance of other instruments installed in the same aircraft.TABLE 2Instrument Locationin AirframeCyclesPer SecondMaximum DoubleAmplitude (Inches)MaximumAccelerationWings or Empennage 5 - 500 0.036 10 gFuselag
18、e 5 - 500 0.036 5 gPanel or Rack (Vibra- 5 - 50 0.020 1.5 gtion Isolated)SAE AS400 Revision B- 4 -4. DETAIL REQUIREMENTS:4.1 Design:4.1.1 The instrument shall consist of a means for:Type I Testing air for carbon monoxide content, it shall be capable of actuating an alarm signal at a concentration of
19、 0.020 0.005 percent of carbon monoxide by volume.Type II Testing air for smoke content of all colors or particle sizes, it shall be capable of actuating an alarm signal to indicate the presence of smoke particles at a concentration which reduces the light transmission to 70 10 percent. Percentage o
20、f transmission is defined as the light falling on a Weston Model 594 or equivalent photo-electric cell through a one foot distance occupied by smoke particles in air, as compared to the light transmitted through one foot of clear air. The light intensity is to be so adjusted that the cell output wit
21、h a 50 percent transmission screen is 50 percent of the output of the unobscured cell.Type III Testing air for the presence of smoke of all colors or particle sizes, it shall include a visual display and an alarm signal to clearly indicate the presence of smoke particles of a concentration that woul
22、d reduce light transmission to not less than 60 percent.Percentage of transmission is defined as the light falling on a Weston Model 594 or equivalent photo-electric cell through a one foot distance occupied by smoke particles in air, as compared to the light transmitted through one foot of clear ai
23、r. The light intensity is to be so adjusted that the cell output with a 50 percent transmission screen is 50 percent of the output of the unobscured cell.4.2 Indicating Method:Instruments of all types shall be capable of actuating visual and aural alarm indicators.4.3 Reliability:The instrument shal
24、l be of such design to withstand the mechanical and thermal shocks, and stresses incident to its use in aircraft. It shall not alarm as a result of dust and haze as normally present in the cargo compartment. False alarm signals shall not be produced by the instrument as the result of variations in v
25、oltage between 0 and 125 percent of the rated value, abnormal attitudes, ambient light conditions, accelerations which could be encountered during flight, landing and takeoff.4.4 Functional Test Means:The instrument shall be of such design to provide a means for testing in flight the function of the
26、 instrument.SAE AS400 Revision B- 5 -4.5 Calibration Means:The instrument design shall be such that all calibration means be provided with tamper-proof seals.4.6 Sampling Characteristics:When an instrument is designed to sample the air from more than one sampling station on a cycling basis, it shall
27、 cycle at a rate sufficient to sample all stations within a total time of one minute. The dwell at each station shall be at least twice the response time of the specific model detector being used with the sampler. Response time is that defined in Paragraph 6.2. Flow of air through all the sampling c
28、onduits shall be maintained continuously. In addition, when a smoke alarm signal is indicated, an alarm signal shall be actuated to indicate the location in which the smoke or gas is being generated and to continue to indicate the alarm signal until the condition is eliminated. It shall begin cyclin
29、g in a normal manner within 30 seconds after the alarm signal is cleared.4.7 Power Variation:The instrument shall properly function with plus or minus 15 percent variation in DC voltage and/or plus or minus 10 percent variation in AC voltage and plus or minus 5 percent variation in frequency of rate
30、d values.5. TEST CONDITIONS:5.1 Atmospheric Conditions:Unless otherwise specified, all tests required by this Aerospace Standard shall be made at an atmospheric pressure of approximately 29.92 inches of mercury, an ambient temperature of approximately 25 C and at a relative humidity of not greater t
31、han 85 percent. When tests are conducted with atmospheric pressure or temperature substantially different from these values, allowance shall be made for the variations from the specified conditions.5.2 Vibration (to minimize friction):Unless otherwise specified, all tests for performance may be cond
32、ucted with the instrument subjected to a vibration of 0.002 to 0.005 inch double amplitude at a frequency of 25 to 33 cycles per second. The term double amplitude as used herein indicates the total displacement from positive maximum to negative maximum.5.3 Vibration Equipment:Vibration equipment sha
33、ll be used which will provide frequencies and amplitudes consistent with the requirements of Paragraph 3.3.3 and the following characteristics:5.3.1 Linear Motion Vibration: Vibration equipment shall be such as to allow vibration to be applied along each of three mutually perpendicular axes of the i
34、nstrument.SAE AS400 Revision B- 6 -5.3.2 Circular Motion Vibration: Vibration equipment shall be such that a point on the instrument case will describe a circle in a plane inclined 45 degrees to the horizontal plane, the diameter of which is equal to the double amplitude specified.5.4 Power Conditio
35、ns:Unless otherwise specified, all tests shall be conducted at the power rating recommended by the manufacturer.5.5 Position:Unless otherwise specified, all tests shall be conducted with the instrument in normal operating position.5.6 Air Sample:Unless otherwise specified, air samples shall be as fo
36、llows:Type I Air containing 0.020 percent plus or minus 0.005 percent of carbon monoxide.Type II Air containing smoke having a light transmission value of 70 10 percent of that of clear air measured through a one foot distance, as defined in Paragraph 4.1.1, Type II.Type III Air containing smoke hav
37、ing a light transmission value of 70 10 percent of that of clear air measured through a one foot distance, as defined in Paragraph 4.1.1, Type III.6. INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS:All instruments shall be subjected to whatever tests the manufacturer deems necessary to demonstrate specific comp
38、liance with the Aerospace Standard, including the following requirements where applicable.6.1 Dielectric:Each instrument shall be tested by the method of inspection listed in Paragraphs 6.1.1 and 6.1.2.6.1.1 Insulation Resistance: The insulation resistance measured at 200 volts DC for five seconds b
39、etween all electrical circuits connected together and the metallic case shall not be less than 5 megohms. Insulation resistance measurements shall not be made to circuits where the potential will appear across elements such as windings, resistors, capacitors, etc., since this measurement is intended
40、 only to determine adequacy of insulation.SAE AS400 Revision B- 7 -6.1.2 Overpotential Tests: The instruments shall not be damaged by the application of a test potential between electrical circuits, and between electrical circuits and the metallic case. The test potential shall be a sinusoidal volta
41、ge of a commercial frequency with an RMS value of five times the maximum circuit voltage, or per Paragraph 6.1.2.1 or 6.1.2.2, whichever applies. The potential shall start from zero and be increased at a uniform rate to its test value. It shall be maintained at this value for five seconds, and then
42、reduced at a uniform rate to zero.Since these tests are intended to insure proper electrical isolation of the circuit components in question, these tests shall not be applied to circuits where the potential will appear across elements such as windings, resistors, capacitors, etc.6.1.2.1 Hermetically
43、 sealed instruments shall be tested at five times the maximum circuit voltage up to a maximum of 200 volts RMS.6.1.2.2 Circuits that operate at potentials below 15 volts are not to be subjected to overpotential tests.6.2 Response Time:Instruments of Types I through III shall be tested so that when a
44、n air sample applicable to the type of instrument per Paragraph 5.6 is introduced into the instrument under standard atmospheric conditions, the alarm signal shall be actuated within a maximum time period of one minute.7. QUALIFICATION TESTS:As many instruments as deemed necessary by the manufacture
45、r to demonstrate that all instruments will comply with the requirements of this section shall be tested in accordance with his recommendations. The tests of each instrument shall be conducted consecutively and after the tests have been initiated, no further adjustments of the instrument shall be per
46、mitted. For those instruments which employ a cycling device for testing a multiplicity of locations with one instrument, these tests shall be conducted on the basis of a single sample station. During these tests, if a false alarm signal occurs, the instrument is disqualified from further testing.7.1
47、 Stability:The instrument shall be operated continuously for 24 hours at room temperature. At the end of the first and twenty-fourth hour at operation, the instrument shall meet the requirements of Paragraph 6.2.7.2 Differential Pressure Variation:The instrument, where pressure differential is emplo
48、yed, shall be operated continuously by varying the pressure differential from 25 percent below to 25 percent above the rated. At each of these values, the instrument shall meet the requirements of Paragraph 6.2.SAE AS400 Revision B- 8 -7.3 Power Variation:The instrument shall be operated with the po
49、wer varying over the limits given in Paragraph 4.7 and for AC powered instruments shall include the worst combinations of voltage and frequency. The instrument shall, at the maximum and minimum and worst combination values, meet the requirements of Paragraph 6.2.7.4 Low Temperature Operation:The instrument shall be subjected to the applicable low ambient temperature listed in Column A of Paragraph 3.3.1 for a period of five hours without operating. The instrument shall meet, at that temperature, after five hours exposure, the requirements of
