1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro
2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT
3、 ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.orgCopyright 1996 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.SURFACEVEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001RECOMMENDEDPRACTICESubmitted for recognition as an American National Sta
4、ndardJ2255ISSUEDMAY96Issued 1996-05ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEMS ENERGY CONSUMPTION TEST PROCEDUREFOR AIR-BRAKED-EQUIPPED TRUCK TRACTORS, BUSES, TRAILERS, AND DOLLIESForewordThis Document has not changed other than to put it into the new SAE Technical Standards BoardFormat.1. ScopeThis SAE Recommended Prac
5、tice provides instructions and test procedures for measuring airconsumption of air braked vehicles equipped with Antilock Brake Systems (ABS) used on highways.1.1 PurposeThis document provides a method to determine the air consumption of highway vehicles when thebrake system must maintain performanc
6、e when the service brake control is applied for long periods of time.2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise specified, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONA
7、vailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J1626Braking, Stability, and Control Performance Test Procedure2.1.2 FMVSS PUBLICATIONAvailable from The Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 12
8、12.2 Related PublicationsThe following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not arequired part of this document.2.2.1 SAE PUBLICATIONSAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J813Automotive Air Brake Reservoir VolumeSAE J992Brake System Per
9、formance RequirementsSAE J1911Test Procedure for Air Reservoir CapacitySAE J2255 Issued MAY96-2-3. Instrumentation and Equipment3.1 Instrumentation3.1.1 Timing device accurate to within 1% of elapsed time.3.1.2 Pressure measuring systems accurate to within 5% of the pressure readings.3.2 Equipment3.
10、2.1 Dummy coupler for attachment to the emergency line for sealing the supply (emergency) line.3.2.2 A 820 cc (50 in3) reservoir attached to the control/service line.3.2.3 A device to isolate the system from the air compressor, (i.e., electronic solenoid, valve, etc.).3.2.4 Pressure transducers.4. V
11、ehicle Condition4.1 All air connections shall be assembled so that the leakage rate for the entire air system, with all service brakesapplied at a pressure of 655 kPa 33 kPa (95 psi 5 psi), shall not be more than 6.9 kPa (1 psi) per minute.For leakage rate evaluation of towing vehicles, the 820 cc (
12、50 in3) reservoir coupler shall be connected to therear control line coupler and the dummy coupler to the rear supply line coupler. For truck-tractors, the aircontrol knobs in the cab shall be positioned so that the parking brakes are released and air flows to couplersprovided for towing trailers. F
13、or trailers, the supply line coupler shall be pressurized to 654 kPa 33 kPa (95psi 5 psi).4.2 Brakes shall be burnished.4.3 Brakes (including those with automatic adjusters) are to be adjusted to the vehicle manufacturers publishedinstructions. Where the instructions differ for new and burnished lin
14、ings, the adjustment specified for burnishedlinings shall be followed.4.4 If the vehicle is equipped with any air reservoir(s) to operate systems other than the brake system, suchreservoirs shall be isolated. All air operated accessories other than of the brake system shall be in the “off“position.4
15、.5 Record the required vehicle information on the test data sheet (see Figure 1 and Figure 2).5. Test Conditions5.1 Test Lanes3.7 m (12 ft) wide, 152.4 m (500 ft) straight and level with a PFC = 0.5 or less (wet Jennite ingood condition).5.2 Vehicle PositionCentered in lane at the initiation of brak
16、ing.5.3 SteeringDriver to steer as necessary during braking to maintain vehicle control.5.4 Full ApplyBrake application where the rate of air pressure rise at the foot valve is from 0 to 483 kPa (60 psi)or greater within 0.2 s.5.5 Initial Brake TemperatureAs required by FMVSS 121. 65 to 93 C (150 to
17、 200 F) in the brake lining of thehottest brake. Install thermocouples per FMVSS 121 (see Figure 3).SAE J2255 Issued MAY96-3-FIGURE 1TRUCK/TRACTOR/BUS DATA SHEETSAE J2255 Issued MAY96-4-FIGURE 2TRAILER/DOLLY DATA SHEETSAE J2255 Issued MAY96-5-FIGURE 3TYPICAL PLUG TYPE THERMOCOUPLE INSTALLATION5.6 Br
18、ake WarmingIf necessary, warm the brakes by making snubs from 64 to 32 km/h (40 to 20 mph) at 3 m/s(10 ft/s) deceleration at one-mile intervals.5.7 TransmissionNeutral (or clutch depressed).5.8 Full LoadVehicle at GVWR.5.8.1 TRACTORSAre loaded with an unbraked control trailer, as defined in SAE J162
19、6.5.8.2 TRAILERSAre loaded to GAWR.5.8.3 DOLLIESAre loaded to GAWR with an unbraked control trailer, as defined in SAE J1626.5.9 Surface FrictionPeak friction coefficient (PFC) as identified in SAE J1626.SAE J2255 Issued MAY96-6-6. Truck, Truck-Tractors, and Buses6.1 Install a pressure transducer at
20、 the output of the foot valve and in each reservoir system.6.2 On towing vehicles attach the 820 cc (50 in3) reservoir to the control line coupler and a dummy coupler to thevehicle supply line.6.3 Position the air control knobs in the cab so that the parking brakes are released and air flows to the
21、control andsupply line couplers provided for the trailer.6.4 Charge the air system to the vehicle manufacturers specified minimum “cut-out“ pressure and make five “fullapply“ brake applications to exercise the brake system.6.5 Charge the air system to the vehicle manufacturers specified minimum “cut
22、-out“ pressure and with the vehiclestationary then isolate the air system from the air supply so that the reservoirs are not resupplied with air.6.6 With the vehicle stationary make three “full apply“ brake applications. Hold each brake application for 5 to 15 sand record reservoir pressure(s) on th
23、e data sheet for each brake application. Fully release the brakes aftereach brake application.6.7 Repeat 6.5.6.8 Run one “full apply“ brake application from 56 km/h (35 mph) to a complete stop on a surface per 5.1. Recordon the data sheet (Figure 4) the reservoir pressure at the completion of the st
24、op while holding the brakes for 5to 15 s. Pressure measurements may be taken during the stop.6.9 Repeat 6.5 and 6.8 two more times and record the average pressures from the three complete ABS stops.7. Trailers7.1 Attach the trailer to an Antilock Brake System (ABS) equipped towing vehicle and load t
25、he trailer as specified in5.8.2. Both the towed and towing vehicle brakes will be applied during the test.7.2 Install a device to isolate the trailer air system from the supply output of the tractor protection valve of thetowing vehicle.SAE J2255 Issued MAY96-7-FIGURE 4TRUCK/TRACTOR/BUS DATA SHEETSA
26、E J2255 Issued MAY96-8-7.3 Install a pressure transducer in the trailer reservoir.7.4 Trailers equipped to tow another trailer:7.4.1 Attach the 820 cc (50 in3) reservoir to the control line coupler and a dummy coupler to the trailer supply linecoupler.7.5 Lower all lift axles.7.6 Charge the trailer
27、air system to 827 kPa (120 psi) and with the vehicle stationary make five “full apply“ brakeapplications to exercise the brake system.7.7 Charge the trailer system to 827 kPa (120 psi) and then isolate the air system from the tractor air supply usingthe isolation device at the tractor protection val
28、ve so that the reservoirs are not resupplied with air.7.8 Make three “full apply“ static brake applications. Hold each brake application for 5 to 15 s and record thereservoir pressure(s) on the data sheet for each brake application. Fully release the brakes after each brakeapplication.7.9 Repeat 7.7
29、.7.10 Run one “Full Apply“ brake application from 56 km/h (35 mph) to a complete stop on a surface as specified in5.1. Record on the data sheet (Figure 5) the reservoir pressure(s) at completion of the stop while holding thebrakes for 5 to 15 s. Pressure measurements may be taken during the stop.7.1
30、1 Repeat 7.7 and 7.10 two more times and record the average pressure from the three complete ABS stops.8. Dollies8.1 Attach the dolly to an Antilock Brake System (ABS) equipped tractor and load the dolly as specified in 5.8.3.The towed and towing vehicles brakes will be applied during the test.8.2 I
31、nstall a device to isolate the dolly air system from the supply output of the tractor protection valve of the towingvehicle.8.3 Install a pressure transducer in the dolly reservoir.8.4 For all dollies attach the 820 cc (50 in3) reservoir to the control line coupler and a dummy coupler to the supplyl
32、ine coupler.8.5 Charge the trailer air system to 827 kPa (120 psi) pressure and with the vehicle stationary make five “full apply“brake applications to exercise the brake system.8.6 Charge the air system to 827 kPa (120 psi) and then isolate the dolly air system from the tractor air supplyusing the
33、isolation device at the tractor protection valve so that the reservoir is not resupplied with air.8.7 Make three “full apply“ static brake applications. Hold each brake application for 5 to 15 s and record thereservoir pressure(s) on the data sheet. Fully release the brakes after each brake applicat
34、ion.SAE J2255 Issued MAY96-9-FIGURE 5TRAILER/DOLLY DATA SHEETSAE J2255 Issued MAY96-10-8.8 Repeat 8.6.8.9 Run one “Full Apply“ brake application from 56 km/h (35 mph) to a complete stop on a surface as specified in5.1. Record on the data sheet (Figure 5) the reservoir pressure(s) at completion of th
35、e stop while holding thebrakes for 5 to 15 s. Pressure measurements may be taken during the stop.8.10 Repeat 8.6 and 8.9 two more times and record the average pressure from the three complete ABS stops.PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS VEHICLE DECELERATION AND STABILITY SUBCOMMITTEEOF THE SAE TRUCK
36、AND BUS TOTAL VEHICLE SYSTEMS COMMITTEESAE J2255 Issued MAY96RationaleAntilock Brake Systems (ABS) on commercial vehicles with air brakes is back and here to stay.This proposed SAE Recommended Practice provides a standard procedure for dynamically testingAntilock Braking Systems equipped vehicle bra
37、king systems (truck tractors, buses, trailers, and dollies)for air consumption. This recommended practice defines the method, instrumentation, equipment, andapplicable documents required to perform the procedure. This document provides a method ofdetermining the air consumption of highway type vehic
38、les when the brake system must maintain itsperformance when the service brake control line is applied for long periods of time.There is a need in the industry for a standardized procedure to compare the air consumption of antilockbrake systems when installed with various vehicle braking systems for
39、a variety of vehicle types. Thevehicle braking system can be comprised of various brake components. Antilock systems are availablein various configurations (2Sensor/1Modulator, 2S/2M, 4S/2M, 4S/3M, 4S/4M, 6S/4M, and 6S/6M). Thebrake components and the antilock system configuration used in the vehicl
40、e braking system can effectupon the rate of air consumption.This recommended practice is a standardized procedure for vehicle manufacturers to measure theamount of air being consumed by an ABS equipped vehicle braking system during a major ABS brakingevent. This document contains no requirements reg
41、arding the amount of air pressure in the reservoireither after performing the procedure or after a major ABS braking event. This minimum amount of airpressure in the reservoir is determined by the vehicle manufacturer, although the amount of pressureremaining in the reservoir should be enough to kee
42、p the spring brakes retracted.Testing performed has shown that minimal air is actually transferred from tractor to trailer whenperforming the test procedure.The test surface for performing this procedure should be 3.7 m (12 ft) wide, 152.4 m (500 ft) straight andlevel with a PFC = 0.5 or less (wet J
43、ennite in good condition). The surface friction is determined by thepeak friction coefficient (PFC) as identified in SAE J1626. Vehicle manufacturers may elect to performthis procedure on a surface with a PFC less than 0.5 for a greater safety factor in determining theminimum reservoir size.Relation
44、ship of SAE Standard to ISO StandardNot applicable.ApplicationThis SAE Recommended Practice provides instructions and test procedures for measuring airconsumption of air braked vehicles equipped with Antilock Brake Systems (ABS) used on highways.Reference SectionSAE J813Automotive Air Brake Reservoi
45、r VolumeSAE J992Brake System Performance RequirementsSAE J1626Braking, Stability, and Control Performance Test ProcedureSAE J1911Test Procedure for Air Reservoir CapacityFederal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 121Developed by the SAE Truck and Bus Vehicle Deceleration and Stability SubcommitteeSponsored by the SAE Truck and Bus Total Vehicle Systems Committee
