1、 SURFACE VEHICLE INFORMATION REPORT Fifth Wheel and Gooseneck Attachment Performance Up to 13 608/kg (30 000/lb) Trailer GVW SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirel
2、y voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user. SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites y
3、our written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2003 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior writte
4、n permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: custsvcsae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org ISSUED OCT2003 Issued 2003-10 J2638 Foreword This information report was developed to establish minimum
5、 performance criteria for fifth wheel and gooseneck attachment systems in towing combinations at or below 13 608 kg (30 000 lb) gross trailer weight. This cooperative effort was developed through SAE by industry representatives including tow vehicle, trailer and towing component manufacturers. The l
6、oads for this standard were derived through a real time testing matrix of various vehicle and load combinations. The committee had two goals: The first goal was to identify design load criteria at the connecting point of the tow vehicle and trailer. This load criteria may be used to evaluate the str
7、ucture through the trailer or through the tow vehicle. The second goal was to create common industry terminology. 1. Scope This document establishes minimum performance criteria and definition of terms for the towing interface between a towing vehicle and fifth wheel or gooseneck trailer at or below
8、 13 608 kg (30 000 lb) gross trailer weight. This establishes criteria for the hitch, tow vehicle attachment structure, trailer attachment structure, and coupling. 1.1 Purpose This document is intended as a guide for manufacturers of fifth wheel and/or gooseneck trailers at or below 13 608 kg (30 00
9、0 lb) gross trailer weight and of tow vehicles and of components necessary to tow these trailers. Regulatory authorities desiring to formulate regulations may use this standard as a guide. This document is also intended for voluntary use by others associated with manufacturing of these products. 2.
10、References 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of the specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of the SAE publications shall apply. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reprodu
11、ction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 2 - 2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONS Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. SAE J670Vehicle Dynamics Terminology SAE J700Upper Coupler Kingpin- Commercial Trailers and Semi-Trailers SAE J1335th
12、Wheel Kingpin Performance - Commercial Trailer Directive 94/20/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 30 May 1994 relating to the mechanical coupling devises of motor vehicles and their attachment to those vehicles Australian Standard AS 1773, Articulated VehiclesFifth Wheel Assemblies.
13、 Standards Australia 80 Arthur Street, North Sydney, Australia 2060 Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 3 - 3. Definitions 3.1 General 3.1.1 GVWR Gross Vehicle We
14、ight Rating, Reference 49 CFR 390.5, 571.3 3.1.2 GVW Gross Vehicle Weight, Reference SAE J133 3.1.3 RATED VERTICAL COUPLER LOAD Maximum static vertical load to be imposed at the point of connection between a tow vehicle and trailer. 3.1.4 MOUNTING SYSTEM A structure that supports the hitch and attac
15、hes to the towing vehicle. 3.2 Gooseneck 3.2.1 GOOSENECK TRAILER A drop frame trailer with a portion of the trailer, including the stem and coupler, extending upward and forward over the tow vehicle. 3.2.2 GOOSENECK COUPLER The structural element at the front of a trailer, including the coupler lock
16、/release mechanism that engages the ball or kingpin, which receives and transfers the load from the forward portion of the trailers load carrying elements to the tow vehicle. 3.2.3 GOOSENECK BALL A spherically shaped pin designed to mate with a gooseneck coupling assembly to form a connection betwee
17、n trailer and tow vehicle (See Figure 1). a. 59 mm (2 5/16 in) and 76 mm (3 in) nominal ball diameters are typical in the industry. b. Tolerance for nominal ball diameter to be +0.0 / -0.762 mm (+0.0 / -0.030 in). c. Ball and coupler configuration should allow for a minimum 8 degree pitch and roll a
18、ngle from vertical. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 4 - FIGURE 1GOOSENECK BALL 3.2.4 GOOSENECK STEM A vertical structure, on the trailer, which may consist of
19、 an upper and lower stem with adjustment hardware allowing the lower coupler stem to be adjusted to various heights. 3.2.5 GOOSENECK HITCH A tow vehicle connecting mechanism that attaches to the towing vehicle or the mounting system and includes a ball or kingpin which engages the gooseneck coupler.
20、 3.3 Fifth Wheel 3.3.1 FIFTH WHEEL TRAILER A drop frame trailer with a portion of the trailer, including the kingpin, extending upward and forward over the tow vehicle. 3.3.2 KINGPIN Reference SAE J700 Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or
21、 networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 5 - 3.3.3 PIN BOX A structure, on the trailer, which may consist of an upper and lower box with adjustment hardware allowing the lower box with kingpin to be adjusted to various positions. This includes single non-adjustable
22、 structures. 3.3.4 LUBE PLATE A polymer disk that reduces friction and wear between the vertical-load bearing surfaces of a fifth wheel coupler system. 3.3.5 FIFTH WHEEL HITCH A tow vehicle connecting mechanism that attaches to the towing vehicle or the mounting system and includes a coupler that en
23、gages a trailer kingpin. 3.3.6 Fifth wheel configuration should allow for a minimum 12 degree pitch angle from vertical. 4. Test Methods 4.1 General Test Conditions 4.1.1 The test conditions described in 4.2 are static and dynamic tests, which shall be performed on a test bed or fixture. 4.1.2 The c
24、omponents to be tested shall be attached in accordance with manufacturers instructions. 4.1.3 The test fixture shall be representative of a typical mounting structure. 4.1.4 Adjustable components shall be positioned to create maximum stress conditions. 4.1.5 Longitudinal and transverse loads may be
25、stabilized with a vertical load not to exceed 20% of trailer GVW. 4.1.6 Shims may be utilized to reduce connection clearances to enable the required load frequency. 4.1.7 A lube plate may be utilized in testing. 4.1.8 For load coordinate system see SAE J670. 4.1.9 For typical fifth wheel load direct
26、ions see Figures 2 and 3. 4.1.10 For typical gooseneck load directions see Figures 4, 5, and 6. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 6 - FIGURE 2FIFTH WHEEL PIN BO
27、X / TRAILER AND LOAD DIRECTION FIGURE 3FIFTH WHEEL HITCH AND LOAD DIRECTION Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 7 - FIGURE 4GOOSENECK HITCH AND LOAD DIRECTION FIG
28、URE 5GOOSENECK STEM / TRAILER AND LOAD DIRECTION Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 8 - 4.2 Test Conditions 4.2.1 STATIC TEST CONDITIONS a. Vertical, Longitudina
29、l and Transverse loads as determined from Table 1, shall be applied independently. b. Specified loads shall be maintained for a minimum of 5 s. c. A different test specimen may be used for each specified load. 4.2.2 DYNAMIC TEST CONDITIONS a. Vertical, Longitudinal and Transverse loads as determined
30、 from Table 2, shall be applied independently in any sequence. b. A static vertical load may be used during Longitudinal and Transverse test for stability. Load must not exceed Rated Vertical Coupler Load (VR) c. Each specified load shall be applied for 300 000 cycles (900 000 cumulative cycles). d.
31、 Loads shall be applied with a sinusoidal pattern at a frequency between 2 and 5 Hz. e. One test specimen shall be used for all 900 000 cycles. FIGURE 6INVERTED FIFTH WHEEL TRAILER AND LOAD DIRECTION Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or n
32、etworking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 9 - 4.3 Test Loads, Force in Newtons (See Addendum for Equivalent English Units) TABLE 1STATIC LOADS (N) GOOSENECK Vertical 0.85 R Compression 0.5 R Tension Longitudinal 0.75 R Compression 0.75 R Tension Transverse 0.30 R Righ
33、t 0.30 R Left FIFTH WHEEL Vertical 35,584 + 0.45 R Compression 0.50 R Tension Longitudinal 1.10 R Compression 0.75 R Tension Transverse 0.30 R Right 0.30 R Left TABLE 2DYNAMIC LOADS (N) Load Direction Fifth Wheel Gooseneck Vertical VR Compression +/- (5560 + 0.11 R) VR Compression +/- (4448 + 0.15 R
34、) Longitudinal +/- (4448 + 0.08 R) +/- (14456 + 0.02 R) Transverse +/- (2446 + 0.06 R) +/- (4448 + 0.04 R) R = Trailer GVW (N) VR = Rated Vertical Coupler Load (N) 4.4 Performance Criteria 4.4.1 STATIC PERFORMANCE CRITERIA a. There shall be no loss of attachment. b. Each specified load shall be main
35、tained for a minimum of 5 s. 4.4.2 DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE CRITERIA a. There shall be no loss of attachment. b. Specified loads shall be attained throughout the test. c. The fifth wheel hitch or gooseneck coupler specimen shall be capable of being uncoupled and coupled at the end of the test. Copyright
36、SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 10 - 5. Identification and Markings 5.1 Trailer pin box or vertical stem and coupler, hitch and mounting system shall be marked or label
37、ed by the manufacturer to show the following: a. Product manufacturers name, initials or trademark b. Maximum trailer GVW to be drawn c. Rated vertical coupler load (See 3.1.3) d. Gooseneck ball nominal diameter (where applicable). 5.2 Removable gooseneck ball shall be marked by the manufacturer to
38、show the following: a. Product manufacturers name, initials or trademark b. Maximum trailer GVW to be drawn c. Gooseneck ball nominal diameter. 5.3 Manufacturer may note compliance with SAE J2638 PREPARED BY THE SAE GOOSENECK AND 5TH WHEEL TASK FORCE OF THE SAE TRAILER SUBCOMMITTEE Copyright SAE Int
39、ernational Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 - 11 - APPENDIX A A.1 Test Loads, Force in Pounds (See Section 4.3 for Equivalent Metric Units) TABLE A1STATIC (lbf) GOOSENECK Vertical 0.85 R Co
40、mpression 0.5 R Tension Longitudinal 0.75 R Compression 0.75 R Tension Transverse 0.30 R Right 0.30 R Left FIFTH WHEEL Vertical 8,000 + 0.45 R Compression 0.50 R Tension Longitudinal 1.10 R Compression 0.75 R Tension Transverse 0.30 R Right 0.30 R Left TABLE A2DYNAMIC (lbf) Load Direction Fifth Whee
41、l Gooseneck Vertical VR Compression +/- (1250 + 0.11 R) VR Compression +/- (1000 + 0.15 R) Longitudinal +/- (1000 + 0.08 R) +/- (3250 + 0.02 R) Transverse +/- (550 + 0.06 R) +/- (1000 + 0.04 R) R = Trailer GVW (lbf) VR = Rated Vertical Coupler Load (lbf) Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS u
42、nder license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J2638 Issued OCT2003 Rationale This document is intended as a guide for manufacturers of fifth wheel and/or gooseneck trailers at or below 13 608 kg (30 000 lb) gross trailer weight and of tow v
43、ehicles and of components necessary to tow these trailers. Regulatory authorities desiring to formulate regulations may use this standard as a guide. This document is also intended for voluntary use by others associated with manufacturing of these products. Relationship Not applicable. Application T
44、his document establishes minimum performance criteria and definition of terms for the towing interface between a towing vehicle and fifth wheel or gooseneck trailer at or below 13 608 kg (30 000 lb) gross trailer weight. This establishes criteria for the hitch, tow vehicle attachment structure, trai
45、ler attachment structure, and coupling. References SAE J670Vehicle Dynamics Terminology SAE J700Upper Coupler Kingpin- Commercial Trailers and Semi-Trailers SAE J1335th Wheel Kingpin Performance - Commercial Trailer Directive 94/20/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 30 May 1994 rela
46、ting to the mechanical coupling devises of motor vehicles and their attachment to those vehicles Australian Standard AS 1773, Articulated VehiclesFifth Wheel Assemblies. Standards Australia 80 Arthur Street, North Sydney, Australia 2060 Developed by the SAE Gooseneck and 5thWheel Task Force of the SAE Trailer Subcommittee Sponsored by the SAE Special Purpose Vehicle Engine and Equipment Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-
