1、 Copyright 2009 by THE SOCIETY OF MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS 3 Barker Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601 (914) 761-1100 Approved July 17, 2009 Table of Contents Page Foreword 2 Intellectual Property . 2 Introduction 2 1 Scope 3 2 Conformance Notation 3 3 Definition of Terms 3 4 Normative Re
2、ferences 4 5 Switching Line and Switching Area Analog Systems. 5 6 Switching Line and Switching Area Digital Systems 6 Annex A Signal Alignment and Switching Point Relationship for 1125-, 750-, 525- and 625-Line Systems . 8 Annex B External Reference Signals of 1125-Line Systems (Informative) 14 Ann
3、ex C Line Number Relationship of the Source Signal and Interface Format (Informative) 21 Annex D Bibliography (Informative) 23 Page 1 of 23 pages RP 168-2009Revision of RP 168-2002 SMPTE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE Definition of Vertical Interval Switching Point for Synchronous Video Switching RP 168-2009
4、Page 2 of 23 pages Foreword SMPTE (the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is an internationally-recognized standards developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE has members in over 80 countries on six continents. SMPTEs Engineering
5、Documents, including Standards, Recommended Practices, and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTEs Technology Committees. Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooperates closely with other standards-developing organizations, including
6、 ISO, IEC and ITU. SMPTE Engineering Documents are drafted in accordance with the rules given in Part XIII of its Administrative Practices. SMPTE Recommended Practice RP 168 was prepared by Technology Committee 22TV. Intellectual Property At the time of publication no notice had been received by SMP
7、TE claiming patent rights essential to the implementation of this Recommended Practice. However, attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. SMPTE shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. In
8、troduction This section is entirely informative and does not form an integral part of this Engineering Document. This practice defines a switching point and area such that the effects of any signal discontinuity in the chain are minimized, regardless of whether the interface is carrying an uncompres
9、sed television signal or a data signal. The line designated for the switching point is chosen to be after vertical sync at the interface (to minimize the possibility of disturbances to vertical sync), but early in the vertical blanking interval. This ensures that signals transmitted during the verti
10、cal blanking interval (time code, audio data, etc.) remain with the video frame with which they are associated. It is recommended that vital ancillary data or payload data be excluded from the line following the switch line. Individual data applications may provide an appropriate provision for prote
11、ction during switching. This practice applies to equipment that uses an external reference signal to time switching as well as equipment which does not. RP 168-2009 Page 3 of 23 pages 1 Scope This practice defines the line number and line timing for the switching point of serial digital and analog i
12、nterfaces carrying television and data payloads to minimize any disturbance in the active payload area. The switching point location is defined for uncompressed television interfaces operating with composite or component signals, where the payload signals may be in analog or digital format. 2 Confor
13、mance Notation Normative text is text that describes elements of the design that are indispensable or contains the conformance language keywords: “shall“, “should“, or “may“. Informative text is text that is potentially helpful to the user, but not indispensable, and can be removed, changed, or adde
14、d editorially without affecting interoperability. Informative text does not contain any conformance keywords. All text in this document is, by default, normative, except: the Introduction, any section explicitly labeled as “Informative“ or individual paragraphs that start with “Note:” The keywords “
15、shall“ and “shall not“ indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the document and from which no deviation is permitted. The keywords, “should“ and “should not“ indicate that, among several possibilities, one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or ex
16、cluding others; or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required; or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated but not prohibited. The keywords “may“ and “need not“ indicate courses of action permissible within the limits of the d
17、ocument. The keyword “reserved” indicates a provision that is not defined at this time, shall not be used, and may be defined in the future. The keyword “forbidden” indicates “reserved” and in addition indicates that the provision will never be defined in the future. A conformant implementation acco
18、rding to this document is one that includes all mandatory provisions (“shall“) and, if implemented, all recommended provisions (“should“) as described. A conformant implementation need not implement optional provisions (“may“) and need not implement them as described. Unless otherwise specified, the
19、 order of precedence of the types of normative information in this document shall be as follows: Normative prose shall be the authoritative definition; Tables shall be next; followed by formal languages; then figures; and then any other language forms. 3 Definition of Terms These definitions apply t
20、o the terms as used in this practice: 3.1 horizontal reference point: The 50% amplitude point of the leading edge of horizontal sync. 3.2 interface raster: The payload area of the interface normally occupied by uncompressed video. 3.3 progressive segmented frame: The video data structure, which is d
21、efined in Recommendation ITU-R BT.709-5, has a progressive image capture structure and is transmitted via an interface that has an interlace raster structure. 3.4 start of active video: The first sample following SAV. RP 168-2009 Page 4 of 23 pages 3.5 switching area: The position and tolerance with
22、in the switching line where the switch is permitted to occur. 3.6 switching line: The line number on which a change from one source to another is performed. 4 Normative References The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this recommen
23、ded practice. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this recommended practice are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standards indicated below. SMPTE 1
24、70M-2004, Television Composite Analog Video Signal NTSC for Studio Applications SMPTE 259M-2008, Television SDTV Digital Signal/Data Serial Digital Interface SMPTE 274M-2008, Television 1920 1080 Image Sample Structure, Digital Representation and Digital Timing Reference Sequences for Multiple Pictu
25、re Rates SMPTE 292-2008, 1.5 Gb/s Signal/Data Serial Interface SMPTE 293M-2003, Television 720 483 Active Line at 59.94-Hz Progressive Scan Production Digital Representation SMPTE 294M-2001, Television 720 483 Active Line at 59.94-Hz Progressive Scan Production Bit-Serial Interfaces SMPTE 296M-2001,
26、 Television 1280 720 Progressive Image Sample Structure Analog and Digital Representation and Analog Interface (R2006) SMPTE 344M-2000, Television 540 Mb/s Serial Digital Interface (Archived 2006) SMPTE 347M-2001, Television 540 Mb/s Serial Digital Interface Source Image Format Mapping (Archived 200
27、6) SMPTE 349M-2001, Television Transport of Alternate Source Image Formats through SMPTE 292M (Archived 2006) SMPTE 424M-2006, Television 3 Gb/s Signal/Data Serial Interface Recommendation ITU-R BT.709-5 (04/02), Parameter Values for the HDTV Standards for Production and International Programme Exch
28、ange Recommendation ITU-R BT.799-4 (12/07), Interface for Digital Component Video Signals in 525-Line and 625-Line Television Systems Operating at the 4:4:4 Level of Recommendation ITU-R BT.601 Recommendation ITU-R BT.1358-1 (09/07), Studio Parameters of 625- and 525-Line Progressive Television Syst
29、ems Recommendation ITU-R BT.1362 (02/98), Interfaces for Digital Component Video Signals in 525- and 625-Line Progressive Scan Television Systems Recommendation ITU-R BT.1700 (02/05), Characteristics of Composite Video Signals for Conventional Analogue Television Systems RP 168-2009 Page 5 of 23 pag
30、es 5 Switching Line and Switching Area Analog Systems The switching line and switching area are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 for 525/59.94/I systems, and Figure 2 for 625/50/I systems. Note: The precise value of 59.94 is 60/1.001; this also applies to values such as 29.97, 23.98, and 74.18. Table 1
31、 Switching line and switching area Analog systems Switching line Standard Format Field 1,3 Field 2,4 Switching area in s after horizontal reference point SMPTE 170M-2004 525/59.94/I 10 273 30 5 Rec. ITU-R BT.1700 (2005) 625/50 /I 6 319 30 5 Figure 1 525-line system switching line and switching area
32、RP 168-2009 Page 6 of 23 pages Figure 2 625-line system switching line and switching area 6 Switching Line and Switching Area Digital Systems The switching line and switching area for each digital system are shown in Table 2. For each raster structure listed in the table, both the switching area and
33、 the switching lines are defined by the Progressive or Interlaced serial interface structure used to convey the signal. The switching area is defined in word-clock cycles from the start of active video. Progressive digital video systems have one switching line and switching area per frame. Interlace
34、d (including progressive segmented frame) digital video systems have two switching lines and switching areas per frame, one for each field. Table 2 lists these two switching lines as “Field 1 (Recommended)” and “Field 2”. Existing devices may have been designed to switch on either field. New digital
35、 interlaced video devices should switch using the recommended Field 1 line. Under current conditions, for a system with both interlaced video at a specific frame rate and progressive video at double that frame rate, devices handling the progressive video should be referenced to a signal derived from
36、 an interlaced format at the interlaced frame rate. Having established this referencing relationship, progressive video devices should switch using the recommended line during Field 1 of the reference signal. Informative Note: In current practice, both video and audio signals are switched with refer
37、ence to Field 1 of an interlaced reference to allow ancillary signal sequences spanning two fields to be switched error-free. Notes: 1 In Table 2, frame rates scaled by 1/1.001 are also applied in the case of 60/P, 60/I, 30/P, 24/P, 30/PsF, and 24/PsF. Serial interface data rate 1.485 Gb/s is also s
38、caled by 1/1.001 in these frame rates. 2 In a multiple signal environment, such as 1125/59.94/I and 525/59.94/I mixed operation, the switching line and switching area in table 2 for both signals may not be realized simultaneously (see Annex A). 3 (Informative) In Table 2, 1125/59.94/P and 1125/50/P
39、video at a 2.97Gb/s serial interface data rate has two possible formats, Level A and Level B, as described in SMPTE 425M-2006. Throughout this document these two formats will be referred to as S425M-A and S425M-B, respectively. RP 168-2009 Page 7 of 23 pages Table 2 Switching line and switching area
40、 Digital systems Switchingline Informative notes Total line No. Raster structure Serial interface data rate, Rs Serial interface structure Field 1 (Recommended) Field 2 Switching area, nxTclk Tclk=10/Rs Normative reference(s) Serial interface Signal Mapping structure P 7 274M 425-A #12.97Gb/s 1250-2
41、140 424M, 274M 424M 425-B #1 19201080 60/P, 50P 1.485Gb/s2 274M2 372 1.485Gb/s 274M 274M 60/I, 50/I 1.485Gb/s2 I 7 569 274M2 372 1.485Gb/s 274M 274M 30/P, 25/P, 24/P 1.485Gb/s2 P 7 274M2 372 1.485Gb/s 274M 274M 1125 30/PsF, 25/PsF, 24/PsF 1.485Gb/s2 I 7 569 625-1070 292, 274M 292 274M2 372 296M 425-
42、A #2 2.97Gb/s 910-1560 424M, 296M 424M 296M2 425-B(*) 750 1280720 60/P, 50/P, 30/P 25/P, 24/P 1.485Gb/s P 7 455-780 292, 296M 292 296M 296M 2.97Gb/s 6214-9184 424M, BT1358 424M BT13582 425-B(*) +349M 1.485Gb/s I 6 319 3107-4592 292, BT1358 292 349M 540Mb/s P 6 1130-1670 344M, BT1358 344M BT1358 347M
43、 720576/50/P 270Mb/s2 I 6 319 565-835 BT1362 BT1362 BT13582 BT1362 2.97Gb/s 6214-9184 424M, 349M 424M BT6012 425-B(*) +349M 1.485Gb/s 3107-4592 292 3 292 349M 960576/50/I 360Mb/s 753-1113 259M 259M BT601 BT656 2.97Gb/s 6214-9184 424M, 349M 424M BT6012 425-B(*) +349M 1.485Gb/s 3107-4592 292 3 292 BT6
44、01 349M 540Mb/s 1130-1670 344M, BT799 344M BT799 347M 270Mb/s2 BT6012 BT799 270Mb/s 565-835 BT601 BT656 625 720576/50/I 177Mb/s I 6 319 267-455 259M 259M 259M IEC 61179 2.97Gb/s 6214-9184 424M, 293M 424M 293M2425-B(*) +349M 1.485Gb/s I 10 273 3107-4592 292, 293M 292 349M 540Mb/s P 10 1130-1670 344M,
45、 293M 344M 347M 270Mb/s2 565-835 720483/59.94/P 360Mb/s I 10 273 847-1252 294M 294M 293M 294M 2.97Gb/s 6214-9184 424M, 349M 424M 267M2 425-B(*) +349M 1.485Gb/s 3107-4592 292 3 292 349M 960483/59.94/I 360Mb/s 753-1113 259M 259M 267M 267M 2.97Gb/s 6214-9184 424M, 349M 424M 125M2425-B(*) +349M 1.485Gb/
46、s 3107-4592 292 3 292 125M 349M 540Mb/s 1130-1670 344M 347M 344M RP174 347M 270Mb/s2 RP175 RP175 270Mb/s 565-835 125M 125M 525 720483/59.94/I 143Mb/s I 10 273 232-376 259M 259M 244M 244M 2.97Gb/s 1250-2140 424M, 274M 424M 274M2 425-B(*) +348M 19201080 30/P, 25/P, 24/P 1.485Gb/s P 7 625-1070 292, 174
47、M 292 274M 274M+348M 2.97Gb/s 1250-2140 424M 2 424M 274M2425-B(*) +348M 19201080 60/I, 50/I, 30/PsF 25/PsF, 24/PsF 1.485Gb/s I 7 569 625-1070 292, 274M 292 274M 274M+348M 2.97Gb/s 910-1560 424M 296M 424M 296M2425-B(*) +348M HD-SDTI 1280720 60/P, 50/P, 30/P, 25/P, 24/P 1.485Gb/s P 7 455-780 292, 296M
48、 292 296M 296M+348M 720576/50/I 6 319 BT656 BT656+305MSDTI 720483/59.94/I 270Mb/s I 10 273 565-835 259M 259M 125M 125M+305M (*) dual-link in these cases is two (2) SMPTE 292 HD-SDI Mappings of a payload defined by the associated Signal standard, and the appropriate Payload Identifier described in Se
49、ction 5 of SMPTE 425. Note: Formats identified as BTxxx are Recommendation ITU-R BT.xxx.RP 168-2009 Page 8 of 23 pages Annex A Signal Alignment and Switching Point Relationship for 1125-, 750-, 525- and 625-Line Systems A.1 Signal Alignment for 1125-, 750-, 525- and 625-Line Systems (Normative) The first line of each of the vertical reference sync timing signals that correspond to systems with different numbers of scan lines but which have the same fra
