1、 TIA-455-203-A (Revision of 455-203) March 2009FOTP-203 Light Source Encircled Flux Measurement Method ANSI/TIA-455-203-A-2009 APPROVED: MARCH 10, 2009 REAFFIRMED: JUNE 19, 2014 NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderst
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23、ircled Flux Measurement Method 1 2 Forward iii 3 1 Scope . 1 4 2 Introduction. 1 5 2.1 General 1 6 2.2 Changes from previous edition . 1 7 2.3 Assumptions applicable to the characterization of data sources 2 8 2.4 Assumptions applicable to the characterization of measurement sources. 2 9 3 Normative
24、 References 2 10 4 Definitions and symbols . 2 11 4.1 Definitions . 2 12 4.2 Symbols. 3 13 5 Apparatus . 5 14 5.1 Common apparatus. 5 15 5.1.1 Computer . 5 16 5.1.2 Image digitizer 5 17 5.1.3 Detector . 5 18 5.1.4 Magnifying optics . 6 19 5.1.5 Attenuation. 6 20 5.1.6 Micropositioner (optional) 7 21
25、 5.1.7 Input port 7 22 5.1.8 Calibration light source 7 23 5.2 Transmission source apparatus 8 24 5.2.1 Test jumper assembly 8 25 5.2.2 Fiber shaker . 8 26 5.3 Measurement source apparatus . 10 27 6 Sampling and specimens . 11 28 7 Geometric Calibration. 11 29 8 Measurement Procedure 11 30 TIA-455-2
26、03-A ii 8.1 Safety 11 31 8.2 Image acquisition 11 32 8.2.1 Raw image acquisition. 11 33 8.2.2 Dark image acquisition. 12 34 8.2.3 Corrected Image 12 35 8.3 Optical Center Determination 12 36 8.3.1 Centroid Image 13 37 8.3.2 Centroid computation. 13 38 Finally, compute the centroid, X0,Y013 39 8.4 Te
27、st source image acquisition 13 40 9 Computation of encircled flux. 14 41 9.1 Computation of radial data functions 14 42 9.2 Integration limit and baseline determination . 16 43 9.2.1 Integration limit. 16 44 9.2.2 Baseline determination 16 45 9.2.3 Baseline subtraction. 16 46 9.3 Computation of enci
28、rcled flux 16 47 10 Results 17 48 10.1 Information available with each measurement 17 49 10.2 Information available upon request . 17 50 11 Specification information. 18 51 Annex A: Informative . 19 52 Annex B: Geometric calibration using the micropositioner background and assumptions 53 (informativ
29、e). 24 54 Annex C: Geometric calibration using the micropositioner - procedure (normative) 30 55 56 TIA-455-203-A iii Forward 57 (This forward is not part of the standard) 58 Upon adoption, ANSI standard TIA-455-203-A supersedes the current TIA-455-203 (Launched 59 Power Distribution Measurement Pro
30、cedure for Graded-Index Multimode Fiber Transmitters). 60 This action was undertaken under the auspices of TIA-42.11. 61 This revision of this standard was undertaken principally to improve the precision of the 62 measurement of encircled flux and support the characterization of light sources used t
31、o measure 63 the loss of multimode fiber optic links. The standard continues to support is earlier application, 64 the characterization of data transmission light sources. 65 To improve the precision of the measurement, the computation algorithm is more carefully 66 specified, and instrument calibra
32、tion methodology is expanded. To measure link-loss 67 measurement light sources, some features of the measurement apparatus differ from an 68 apparatus used to characterize data transmission sources. 69 This standard has two informative annexes, Annex A and Annex B, and one normative annex, 70 Annex
33、 C. 71 TIA-455-203-A 1 Light Source Encircled Flux Measurement Method 72 73 1 Scope 74 This FOTP is intended to characterize the encircled flux of two types of light sources: 75 transmission light sources, which are usually coherent and substantially under-excite the mode 76 volume of a multimode fi
34、ber, and measurement light sources, which are incoherent and must 77 excite most of the mode volume of a multimode fiber. 78 This FOTP sets forth a standard procedure for the collection of two-dimensional fiber optic 79 nearfield grayscale data and subsequent reduction to one-dimensional data expres
35、sed as a set of 80 three sampled parametric functions of radius from the fibers optical center. This revision of this 81 FOTP continues to fulfill its original purpose, characterization of transmission light sources, which 82 enables the accurate mathematical prediction of minimum guaranteed link le
36、ngth in 1 gigabit per 83 second or greater fiber optic data communication systems. New to this revision is support for 84 improved measurement precision of insertion loss in multimode fiber optic links through the 85 characterization of measurement light sources. 86 Estimation of the fiber core diam
37、eter is not an objective of this FOTP. 87 2 Introduction 88 2.1 General 89 This FOTP is used to measure the encircled flux of a multimode light source. Encircled flux is a 90 measure, as a function of radius, of the fraction of the total power radiating from a multimode 91 optical fibers core. 92 Th
38、e basic approach is to collect 2D nearfield data using a calibrated camera, and to 93 mathematically convert the 2D data into three normalized functions of radial distance from the 94 fibers optical center. The three functions are Intensity, Incremental Flux, and Encircled Flux. 95 Intensity has dim
39、ension optical power per area, incremental flux has dimension power per 96 differential of radius, and encircled flux has dimension total optical power, all three being 97 functions of radius. 98 These three radial functions are intended to characterize fiber optic laser sources either for use in 99
40、 mathematical models predicting the minimum guaranteed length of a communications link, or to 100 qualify a light source to measure insertion loss in multimode links. 101 2.2 Changes from previous edition 102 This edition of the standard differs from its predecessor in both scope and content. Many o
41、f the 103 content changes improve the measurement precision. Several changes have been made to the 104 computation procedure: 105 106 - The integration methodology of the radial functions was simple summation, and is 107 now specified to use trapezoidal integration or other higher-order techniques (
42、see 108 section 9.3). 109 - A baseline subtraction step is specified to improve immunity to DC drifts (see 110 sections 9.2.2 and 9.2.3). 111 - The ring width parameter is explicitly specified (see section 9.2.1) 112 - The integration limit is specified (see section 9.3). 113 TIA-455-203-A 2 The geo
43、metric calibration of the apparatus microscope now specifies either (depending on the 114 application) the methodology of FOTP-225 or the original technique using the micropositioning 115 stage (see section 7). Pixel Sensitivity Uniformity correction is now optional. 116 117 2.3 Assumptions applicab
44、le to the characterization of data sources 118 The 50-micron or 62.5-micron core near-parabolic graded-index multimode fiber used as the “test 119 jumper assembly” is treated as if it possessed perfect circular symmetry about its optical center, 120 as asymmetries in the launched optical flux distri
45、butions will dominate any lopsidedness of the 121 test jumper assembly. It is further assumed that all cladding modes will be stripped by passage 122 through the specified ten meters or more of fiber. The modes of a mode group need not carry 123 equal flux. (In fact, with such short fibers, one thou
46、sand meters or less, unequal distribution of 124 flux in the modes of a group is the norm, not the exception.) 125 2.4 Assumptions applicable to the characterization of measurement sources 126 Measurement sources are assumed to be sufficiently broadband and incoherent that speckle is 127 not a probl
47、em, and to have a sufficiently symmetrical nearfield distribution that the truncated 128 centroid of that nearfield indicates the location of the optical center of the fiber with sufficient 129 accuracy for the purposes of this FOTP. 130 3 Normative References 131 The following standards (of the exa
48、ct version and date of issue stated) contain provisions which, 132 through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication, the 133 editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements 134 based on this Standard ar
49、e encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent 135 editions of the standards indicated below. ANSI and TIA maintain registers of currently valid 136 national standards published by them. 137 IEC 60825-1 ed. 2.0, Optical Radiation Safety and Laser Equipment, March 2007. 138 EIA/TIA-455-54-B, Mode Scrambler Requirements of Overfilled Launching Conditions to 139 Multimode Fibers, August 1998 (R2001). 140 EIA/TIA-455-176-A, Method for Measuring Optical Fiber Cross-Sectional Geometry by Automated 141 Gray-Scale Analysis, May 2003. 142 EIA/TIA-455-225, End Face
