1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULJULY 11, 20141UL 98AOutline of Investigation for Open Type SwitchesIssue Number: 2July 11, 2014Summary of TopicsThis second issue of the Outline of Investigation for Open Type Switches,UL 98A, is
2、 being published to allow for electrically operated switches.ULs Outlines of Investigation are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed norelectronic copy of an Outline of Investigation should be altered in any way. All ofULs Outlines of Investigation and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding
3、those Outlines of Investigation shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL.COPYRIGHT 2014 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULJULY 11, 2014UL 98A2No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT
4、 AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULCONTENTSINTRODUCTION1 Scope .42 Components .43 Units of Measurement .54 Undated References 55 Glossary 5CONSTRUCTION6 Enclosure 57 Operating Handle .58 Electrical Operators .68.1 General .68.2 Mounting 68.3 Field wiring 78
5、.4 Strain relief 78.5 Installation .89 Spacings .9PERFORMANCE10 Test Enclosure Details 910.1 General 910.2 Electrical operator interrupting tests 1010.3 Electrical operator endurance test 1010.4 Temperature test on coils and windings .1110.5 Dielectric voltage-withstand test 1210.6 Strain relief 12R
6、ATINGS11 Details .12MARKING12 Details .1313 Electrical Operators .14APPENDIX A (normative)JULY 11, 2014 UL 98A 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULINTRODUCTION1 Scope1.1 These requirements cover open type switches for installation
7、 without an enclosure, where acceptable,or for installation in a panelboard, switchboard, motor control center, industrial control panel or the like, orfor installation in a Listed cabinet or cutout box in accordance with the switch installation instructions.1.2 Open type switches are manually opera
8、ble by means of an external handle.1.3 These requirements also cover motor operators for use with enclosed switches.1.4 These requirements are intended to be used in conjunction with the requirements specified in theStandard for Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98, except as modified or suppleme
9、nted by thisOutline.2 Components2.1 Except as indicated in 2.2, a component of a product covered by this Outline of Investigation shallcomply with the requirements for that component.2.2 A component is not required to comply with a specific requirement that:a) Involves a feature or characteristic no
10、t required in the application of the component in theproduct covered by this Outline of Investigation; orb) Is superseded by a requirement in this Outline of Investigation.2.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions ofuse.2.4 Specific component
11、s are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities.Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures notexceeding specified limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions.JULY 11, 2014UL 98A4UL COPYRIGHTE
12、D MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL3 Units of Measurement3.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory orapproximate information.4 Undated References4.1 Any undated reference to a code or stan
13、dard appearing in the requirements of this Outline ofInvestigation shall be interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.5 Glossary5.1 For the purpose of this outline, the following definitions apply.5.2 ELECTRICAL OPERATOR An electrical controlling device which is used to
14、 operate themechanism of a switch in order to open and close the switch.CONSTRUCTION6 Enclosure6.1 Open-type switches are provided with a partial enclosure or without an enclosure.6.2 Open-type switches shall be provided with means for mounting.7 Operating Handle7.1 Switches are provided with an ope
15、rating handle.Exception: Switches evaluated for use with more than one operating handle may be shipped without anoperating handle. See 12.7.7.2 If an operating handle is intended for mounting such that movement of the operating handle, eithervertically or rotationally, between the ON and OFF positio
16、ns results in one position being above the otherposition, then the upper position shall be the ON position.Exception No. 1: A switch that is operated rotationally with the ON and OFF positions at the same levelneed not comply with this requirement.Exception No. 2: A switching device having two ON po
17、sitions such as a transfer switch or a double throwswitch need not comply with this requirement.7.3 The switch operating mechanism meets the intent of the requirement in 7.1 if it is constructed for fieldinstallation of the operating handle and handle assembly. Field installation of the operating ha
18、ndle andhandle assembly shall be by the use of common tools with no disassembly of the switch.JULY 11, 2014 UL 98A 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL7.4 The operating handle kit intended for field installation shall contain all
19、the necessary mountinghardware, installation instructions and details for maintaining the enclosure environmental rating(s).8 Electrical Operators8.1 General8.1.1 A component part of an electrical operator shall comply with the requirements for that component.8.1.2 One sample of each electrical oper
20、ator is to be installed in the intended manner to determinecompliance with the construction requirements of this outline.8.1.3 A winding shall be such as to resist the absorption of moisture and shall be formed and assembledin a workmanlike manner.8.1.4 With regard to the requirement in 8.1.3, film-
21、coated magnet wire is not required to be additionallytreated to prevent absorption of moisture, but fiber slot liners, cloth coil wrap, and similarmoisture-absorptive materials should be provided with impregnation or otherwise treated to preventmoisture absorption.8.1.5 An electrical operator intend
22、ed to be mounted externally to the switch may be factory- orfield-installed. Instructions shall be provided with the electrical operator when it is intended to befield-installed.8.1.6 Provision shall be made for manual operation of a switch that is equipped with an electrical operatorand shall be so
23、 located that when in use, the wiring space and live parts are not exposed. Means shall beprovided to prevent the electrical operator from functioning during manual operation if electrical operationcan result in a risk of electric shock or injury to operating personnel.8.1.7 An electrical operator s
24、hall be provided with means for grounding all exposed accessible metalparts.8.2 Mounting8.2.1 An electrical operator shall be securely mounted in position and prevented from loosening or turningif such motion may adversely affect the intended performance of the switch or reduce the minimumspacing to
25、 less than that indicated in Spacings, Section 9.JULY 11, 2014UL 98A6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL8.3 Field wiring8.3.1 An electrical operator shall be provided with means for the connection of wires having ampacitycorrespon
26、ding to the rating of the electrical operator. See Ampacity of Insulated Conductors Table 8 ofthe Standard for Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98 and Table 8.3.1.8.3.2 Terminal leads of an electrical operator shall consist of wire suitable for the particular applicationwith respect to the tempe
27、rature, voltage and conditions of service to which the wiring is likely to besubjected.8.3.3 Terminal leads shall be 22 AWG (0.32 mm2) minimum. The free length of a terminal lead shall beat least 150 mm (6 inches).Table 8.3.1Ampacities of insulated conductorsWire size 60C (140F) minimumAWG (mm2) Cop
28、per22 (0.32) 320 (0.52) 518 (0.82) 716 (1.3) 108.3.4 A pressure connector provided for use with an accessory shall comply with 6.7.2.17 of the Standardfor Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98.8.4 Strain relief8.4.1 Strain relief shall be provided to prevent a mechanical stress on the electrical o
29、perator supply leadsto which field connections are made from being transmitted to terminals, splices, or interior wiring. See10.6.8.4.2 Means shall be provided to prevent the electrical operator supply leads to which field connectionsare made from coming into contact with moving or live parts and sh
30、all not impair the mechanical operationof the switch. A metal strain-relief clamp shall not reduce spacings below the minimum values.8.4.3 Any surface with which the leads may come in contact shall be free from any projections, sharpedges, burrs, fins, or the like that may cause abrasion of the insu
31、lation on the conductors.JULY 11, 2014 UL 98A 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL8.5 Installation8.5.1 A switch may have provisions for a field-installed electrical operator provided the followingconditions are met:a) The switch
32、is acceptable for use with or without the electrical operator.b) Each electrical operator may be installed without the breaking of a seal and without thedisassembly of factory-installed switch parts except for:1) A switch operating handle; or2) Other parts that if omitted are considered not to affec
33、t the intended performance ofthe switch.c) Except as permitted in (e), the installation of the electrical operator does not expose live ormechanical functional parts that would not be exposed during the replacement of fuses or othernormally live parts such as the line side of the switch.d) Except as
34、 noted in (e) and (f) means for mounting the electrical operator require no drilling,cutting, or filing of holes of the switch operating mechanism. Factory openings to provide for theelectrical operator actuator to operate a trip mechanism may be provided. If breakouts areprovided for this purpose t
35、hey shall be removable in one piece.e) Drilling, cutting, or filing of the enclosure is acceptable only to provide an opening for theelectrical operator leads or mounting.f) It is possible to accomplish the operation described in (e) in a manner so that debris insidethe enclosure does not accumulate
36、 on live parts or insulating material above, adjacent to, or incontact with live parts.g) Strain or pushback relief, if required to meet the requirements of 7.4 and is provided as anintegral part of the electrical operator or is furnished as part of the kit along with any instructionsor tools necess
37、ary to comply with the requirements of this standard.JULY 11, 2014UL 98A8UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL9 Spacings9.1 Spacings between live parts and metal parts intended to be grounded, such as a metal frame or theheads of mo
38、unting screws that pass through an insulated base, shall be determined in accordance withthe Standard for Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98.9.2 Spacings between uninsulated live parts and the surface on which the open type switch is intendedto be mounted shall be determined in accordance with
39、UL 98.9.3 The spacings at the field-wiring terminals of an electrical operator shall be in accordance with Table9.1.Table 9.1Minimum acceptable spacings in millimeters (inches)a,b,cPotential involved in voltsLocation 0 130 131 300 301 600Between any uninsulated live part anduninsulated live parts of
40、 opposite polarity,uninsulated grounded parts other than theenclosure, or exposed metal partsThrough airOver surface3.2 (1/8)6.4 (1/4)6.4 (1/4)9.5 (3/8)9.5 (3/8)12.7 (1/2)aAn isolated dead metal part (such as a screw head or a washer) interposed between uninsulated live parts of opposite polarityor
41、between an uninsulated live part and a grounded dead metal part is considered to reduce the spacing by an amount equal tothe dimension of the interposed part along the path of measurement.bIn measuring an over surface spacing, any slot, groove, or the like, 0.33 mm (0.013 inch) wide or less in the c
42、ontour ofinsulating material shall be disregarded.cIn measuring spacings, an air spacing of 0.33 mm (0.013 inch) or less between a live part and an insulating surface shall bedisregarded, and the live part considered in contact with the insulating material.PERFORMANCE10 Test Enclosure Details10.1 Ge
43、neral10.1.1 Open type switches shall be mounted in an enclosure considered representative of the intendeduse. The switch shall be tested in the minimum size enclosure specified by the switch manufacturer. Theswitch shall be installed in accordance with the switch manufacturers installation instructi
44、ons.10.1.2 Spacings between live parts and metal parts intended to be grounded shall be maintained inaccordance with instructions provided by the manufacturer.10.1.3 Test enclosures shall be non-ventilated and shall comply with the enclosure requirementsspecified in the Standard for Enclosed and Dea
45、d-front Switches, UL 98.JULY 11, 2014 UL 98A 9UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL10.2 Electrical operator interrupting tests10.2.1 A switch shall be subjected to all interruption type tests of the Standard for Enclosed andDead-Fro
46、nt Switches, UL 98, with its intended electrical operator installed if the electrical operator:a) Affects parts involving mechanical or arcing characteristics, because of its proximity to suchparts;b) Is installed so as to interfere with the intended venting of the switch; orc) Controls the speed of
47、 the closing and/or opening of the switch contacts.10.2.2 The interrupting tests to be conducted are overload, endurance, and close open tests. Tests areto be conducted in accordance with the Standard for Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98, exceptfor the endurance test, where only the “With Cur
48、rent” operations indicated in accordance with theEndurance Test Cycles Table. During tests on the switch, the electrical operator shall carry rated currentat maximum rated voltage while operating the switch contacts.10.2.3 The switch samples required shall be in accordance with the Test Sequences Ta
49、ble in theStandard for Enclosed and Dead-front Switches, UL 98.10.3 Electrical operator endurance test10.3.1 An electrical operator shall perform acceptably when subjected to the Endurance Test asdescribed in Section 7.4 of the Standard for Enclosed and Dead-front Switches, UL 98 except as revisedbelow.10.3.2 An electrical operator shall be tested on each switch rating for which it is intended for the numberof Without Current operations indicated in accordance with the Endurance Test Cycles Table ofStandard for Enclosed and Dead-Front Switches, UL 98 for the given am
