1、12019 年山东菏泽市中考英语:名词考点一 词义辨析名词词义的辨析在历年中考试题中属于必考题,通常在完形填空、词汇运用等题型中考查。名词词义辨析常分为同类名词辨析、不同类名词辨析和近义名词辨析。其中,同类名词辨析主要涉及抽象类、地点类、职业类、饮食类、情绪类等。1(2018山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟一)Look! Here comes Cindy! She is always full of So she is. Because she takes a lot of exercise every day.Aknowledge Bcourage Cenergy2(2018山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟
2、三)Our teachers gave us some on how to study well.Aadvice Bquestion Csuggestion3(2018内蒙古巴彦淖尔五原模拟改编)Yesterday Lily told us such good that we are all amazed at it.Anews Bideas Cdecisions4(2018江苏苏州高新模拟改编)I must say it is my parents that makes me finally take up my job as a teacher.Acharacter Beducation
3、Cinfluence5(2018广西贵港港南三模改编)I have the of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life.Acourage Bspirit Chabit6(2018广西贵港平南三模改编)The river is becoming dirtier because the steel factory has put waste into it.Yes. We must take action to improve the Acondition Bmention Cposition7(2018山西平定一模)In fac
4、t, most of children know little about Chinese traditional culture. They prefer to spend in playing computer games.Atime Beffort Cmind28(2018贵州贵安民族中学模拟)Country music is from the southern states of America, Tennessee is the of country music.Acity Bhome Ccountry9(2018黑龙江哈尔滨平房调研)James is ill, do you kno
5、w whatwrong with him?Poor boy. His illness is the of eating bad food.Aresult Bcause Creason10(2018山西中考)Reading the first of each paragraph before you read the whole text helps you get the main idea quickly.Aletter Bword Csentence 11(2018广东深圳中考)Simon always reads for half an hour before bedtime every
6、 day.Thats good . Reading makes a full man.Adream Bwish Chabit12(2018广东深圳中考)Im looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup.Me too. I hope the German team will be the . Its my favorite.Aplayer Bwinner Closer考点二 名词的数(四年未考,只做了解)名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。一、可数名词的复数形式可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,可数名词的复数形式的变化规则如下
7、:种类 变化 例词一般情况 加scakecakesstudentstudentsbedbedscomputercomputers以 s, x, sh, ch 等结尾的词 加esbusbusesclassclasseswatchwatchesboxboxes3以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词 变 y 为 i,再加esbabybabies; citycitiescountrycountriesladyladies以元音字母加 y 结尾的词 加stoytoysmonkeymonkeyskeykeys以 f(fe)结尾的词 变 f(fe)为 vesleafleaves; wolfwolvesknifekni
8、ves; lifelives表示有生命的名词,在词尾加estomatotomatoespotatopotatoesheroheroes 以辅音字母加o 结尾的表示无生命的名词,在词尾加sphotophotosradioradiospianopianos改变单数名词中的元音字母womanwomenfootfeettoothteeth单复数形式相同sheepsheep; deerdeer ChineseChineseJapaneseJapanese 不规则变化其他形式mousemicechildchildren二、不可数名词的数1概述:不可数名词所表示的事物一般不能用数来计算,没有词形变化,这类词
9、主要为抽象名词和物质名词。2表示方法:不可数名词需要计量时,用“数词或冠词量词of不可数名词”的结构表示,量词可以是单数也可以是复数,但 of 后面的名词只用单数。a cup of tea 一杯茶 two bottles of water 两瓶水four pieces of paper 四张纸4考点三 名词所有格(四年未考,只做了解)名词所有格表示人或物的所有关系,有以下几种形式:1表示有生命的人或动物的名词所有格在单数名词后加“s”构成。Mikes father 迈克的父亲2在以“s”结尾的复数名词之后只加“ ”。my parents hometown 我父母的故乡3表示几个人共同拥有某物时
10、,只在最后一个人名后加“s” ;表示各自所有时,则需要在每个人名后都加“s” 。Mary and Kates room 玛丽和凯特的房间(共有)Janes and Toms books 简和汤姆的书(各自所有)4在表示“店铺” “某某家” “诊所”的名词所有格后面,一般省去被修饰的表示地点的名词。at the barbers (shop) 在理发店at the doctors (office) 在医院5表示无生命的事物的名词所有格,通常是由“of名词”构成。the gate of the school 学校的大门the center of the city 市中心6表示时间、距离、城市、团体等
11、无生命的名词,也可以在词尾加“s”构成所有格。the future of China/Chinas future 中国的未来the groups name/the name of the group 这个团体的名字7双重所有格。英语中名词所有格有时可以在前面加 of 构成的短语,这种结构称为双重所有格。双重所有格有两种形式:of名词所有格;of名词性物主代词a friend of my sisters 我姐姐的一个朋友a dictionary of mine 我的一部词典考点四 名词作定语(四年未考,只做了解)51名词作定语一般用单数形式,但有些常以复数形式出现的名词则仍用复数形式。clothes shop 服装店 sports meeting 运动会2man, woman 作定语时有单复数变化,其他名词作定语一般用单数。a man teachermen teachersan apple treeapple trees3 “数词连字符名词”作定语。a threeday holiday 一个三天的假期a fiveyear plan 一个五年计划连字符后面的名词用单数形式参考答案考点一 15 CAACC 610 AABAC 1112 CB