八年级语文上册第三单元《梁甫行》赏析及练习新人教版.doc

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1、1梁甫行曹植八方各异气,千里殊风雨。剧哉边海民,寄身于草墅。妻子象禽兽,行止依林阻。柴门何萧条,狐兔翔我宇。【作者】:曹植(192 年232 年 12 月 27 日),字子建,沛国谯(今安徽省亳州市)人,出生于东阳武,是曹操与武宣卞皇后所生第三子,生前曾为陈王,去世后谥号“思”,因此又称陈思王。【1】异气:气候不同。【2】剧:艰苦。【3】草墅:用草搭盖而成的简陋房屋。【4】行止:行动的踪迹。【5】林阻:山林险阻之地。【6】柴门:用树枝等物编成的门。【7】翔:绕行。【翻译】八方的气候各不相同,千里之内的风雨形态不一。海边的贫民多么艰苦啊,破旧的草屋是他们的栖身之地。妻子和儿子像禽兽一样生活,盘桓

2、在险阻的山林里。简陋的柴门如此冷清,狐兔在周围自由穿梭毫无顾忌。【赏析】:曹植自曹丕篡汉后,在自己生存的艰难不幸中,逐渐体会到下层人民的痛苦。他在泰山梁甫行中,以白描的手法,反映了边海农村的残破荒凉景象,表现了对下层人民的深切同情。“八方各异气,千里殊风雨。”是说天下的自然环境不一样,所遭受的风雨灾害也不一样。言外之意是说,海边气候潮湿,风雨狂暴,海啸龙卷风也时有发生,是不适合人生存的地方。这两句突出边海人民生存环境的恶劣。“剧哉边海民,寄身於草野。”痛苦啊,海边的人民,他们生活在荒野草丛林木中,多么荒凉,多么凄惨。这本是野兽出入的地方,可他们却长期的与野兽同居。所以“妻子象禽兽,行止依林阻。

3、”这是对妻子以及孩子的整体形象描写,从中我们不但看到海民衣不蔽体蓬头垢面的野人一样的粗俗艰苦的生活方式,也可以想见他们与世隔绝的愚钝颓废形象。他们依靠自然环境的险阻,和野兽争夺相间生存,他们不但经受生活的艰难困苦,而且还有随时被野兽吃掉的生存忧惧。“柴门何萧条,狐兔翔我宇。”柴门简陋凄清,在海风中嗦嗦摇荡,狐狸兔子好象从天上飞来一样从屋檐下飞来窜去。这里通过狐狸、兔子的侧面描写,反衬出边海人们生活环境的荒蛮以及边海人们的恐惧与凄楚。本文以白描的手法,言简意赅地全方位展现了边海人们的痛苦生活。【阅读训练】:1“柴门何萧条,狐兔翔我宇”这两句是什么意思?在诗歌中有什么作用?(4 分)2本诗主要运用了什么表现手法?表达了作者的什么情感?(4 分)【参考答案】:1柴门简陋凄清,在海风中摇荡,狐狸、兔子在屋檐下飞来窜去。这些环境描写衬托出边海人们生活环境的荒蛮以及边海人们的恐惧与凄楚。2本诗主要运用了白描的手法,全方位描写了边海人们的贫困生活,反映了边海农村的残破荒凉景象,表达了作者对下层人民的深切同情。2

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