2017_2018学年度七年级历史下册同步知识点整理第5课安史之乱与唐朝衰亡素材新人教版.docx

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1、1第一单元 隋唐时期:繁荣与开放的时代第 5 课 安史之乱与唐朝衰亡 一、安史之乱1背景:开元末年以后, 唐玄宗追求享乐,任人唯亲,朝政目趋腐败。边将安禄山一身兼任范阳等三地的节度使,担负东北地区防御重任,逐渐扩张势力。2爆发755 年,安禄由借口朝廷出现奸臣,和部将史思明一起发动叛乱,史称安史之乱。3影响:对社会经济造成极大的破坏,尤其是北方地区遭到浩劫,唐朝的国势,从此由盛转衰,各种矛盾越来越尖锐。唐朝的中央权力衰微,逐渐形成藩镇割据的局面二、黄巢起义与唐朝灭亡1原因:(1)唐朝后期, 统治腐败、宦官专权、 藩镇割据的态势越来越严重,面且相互之间发生兼并战争,中央已无力控制藩镇。(2)人民

2、赋役繁重,生活困著,又遇到连年的灾荒,无以为生2黄巢起义:起义军在的黄巢率领下,转战南北,并攻入长安,建立政权,给唐朝统治以致命的打击。3唐朝灭亡:907 年, 朱温建立后梁政权,唐朝至此灭忘。三、五代十国的更迭与分立1含义:唐朝灭亡,北方黄河流域先后出现五个政权,南方地区现九个政权,再加上北方割据太原的北汉,史称“五代十国”。2评价:五代十国是唐末以来藩镇割据局面的延续,虽然政权分立,但长期政治统一的历史影响和各地经济发展的密切联系,使统一始终是一个客观存在的必然趋势。【知识延伸】毛泽东认为,唐玄宗前期会做皇帝,后期不会做皇帝,你认为这种看法对吗?请说出理由?这种看法正确。理由:唐玄宗前期选贤任能,提倡节俭,重视生产等,使唐朝进入全盛时期,史称“开元盛世”。所以说他会做皇帝。他后期贪图享乐,不理朝政,任用奸臣,造成朝政混乱,导致安史之乱,使唐朝由盛转衰。所以后期他不会做皇帝。

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