1、1Unit 1 Art话题诵读 日积月累【导语】 人们在凝视达芬奇的不朽之作蒙娜丽莎时，常常会被画中人物迷人的微笑倾倒。但你知道这安谧的笑容正在消失吗？She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever.But, at nearly 500 years of age, time is catching up with the Mona Lisa.The health of the famous picture, painted by Leonardo Da Vinci (列奥纳多达芬奇) in 1505，is getting
2、 worse by the year，according to the Louvre Museum (卢浮宫博物馆) where it is housed.“The thin, wooden panel on which the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago， ” the museum said.Visitors have noticed changes but repairing the worlds most famous painting is no
3、t easy.Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their current chemical state (化学状态)Nearly 6 million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year，many attracted by the mystery of her smile.“It is very interesting that when youre not looking at her，she seems to be smiling, and
4、 then you look at her and she stops， ” said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University.“Its because direct vision (视觉 ) is excellent at picking up detail, but less suited to looking at shadows.Da Vinci painted the smile in shadows.”However, the actual history of the Mona Lisa is just as my
5、sterious as the smile，Da Vinci himself loved it so muchthat he always carried it with him, until it was eventually sold to Frances King Francis in 1519.In 1911, the painting was stolen from the Louvre by a former employee，who took it out of the museum hidden under his coat.He said he planned to retu
6、rn it to Italy.The painting was sent back to France two years later.During World War ， French hid the painting in small towns to keep it out 2of the hands of German forces.Like many old ladies，the Mona Lisa has some interesting stories to tell.【词海拾贝】1proof n证明；证据；试验2panel n嵌板；仪表板3current n趋势；潮流 adj.
7、现行的；当前的4excellent adj.出色的，优秀的；杰出的5employee n职员；职工；受雇用人员【问题思考】1What does the writer mean by “time is catching up with the Mona Lisa”？_2Why is it difficult to repair the worlds most famous painting?_答案：1.It means the painting needs repairing.2Because no one knows exactly the materials the Italian arti
8、st used and their current chemical state.自主预习 步步提高词汇识记.将单词与其正确释义连线1abstract A画廊，美术陈列室2gallery B抽象的；深奥的；摘要3typical C技术；方法，技能4technique D典型的；有代表性的5shadow E阴影；影子6figure F过敏性的7allergic G敢作敢为的；好斗的8aggressive H肉；肌肉，肉体9flesh I署名；签字10signature J画像；身材；数字答案：1B 2A 3D 4C 5E 6J 7F 8G 9H 10I.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_ n信任；信心
9、；信念2_ n目标；目的3vi. be accepted as；lie in；return to；scores of1On hearing this, Jane looked up, smiling，and then _ her reading.2_ people arrived at the stadium，excited to see the game.3Doctors believe that smoking may _ lung cancer.4_ we happened to be travelling on the same train.5She looked very pale,
10、 and seemed to have suffered _6Starting your own business could be a way to achieve financial independence，but _ it could just put you in debt.7Advertising is intended to _ consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product.8I have corresponded with her for some years, but I have never met her
11、 _9Generally a correct idea will take many years before it _ 17being true.10I think the problem may _ the fact that no attention has been paid to this matter.答案：1.returned to 2.Scores of 3.lead to 4.By coincidence 5.a great deal 6.on the other hand 7.appeal to 8.in the flesh 9.is accepted as 10.lie
12、in语法突破 触类旁通语法精讲例句观察观察下列从 Reading 中选取的句子，注意虚拟语气的使用。1If the rules of perspective had not been discovered，no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.2Without the new paints and the new technique，we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.3T
13、here are scores of modern art styles，but without the Impressionists，many of these painting styles might not exist.归纳用法虚拟语气()一、动词的语气语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法或态度。英语中的动词在句中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。1陈述语气。表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实。There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两面性。2祈使语气。表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。Please le
14、nd me your dictionary.请把你的字典借给我用一下。3虚拟语气。用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种假设、愿望或建议等。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。If I were a bird，I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。18二、虚拟条件句的谓语形式假设情况 if 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反 过去式(be 的过去式常用 were)would/should/might/could动词原形与将来事实相反过去式should动词原形were to动词原形would/should/might/
15、could动词原形与过去事实相反 过去完成式(had过去分词)would/should/might/couldhave过去分词If he had time now，he would(could，might)go with you.要是他现在有时间，他会和你一起去的。(与现在事实相反)If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would(could，might) have met the famous singer.如果你早来几分钟，你就会见到那个著名歌手了。(与过去事实相反)If it were to snow this evening，they wo
16、uld not go out.如果今天晚上下雪，他们就不会出去。(与将来事实相反)三、几种特殊的虚拟条件从句1省略 if 形式的虚拟语气。在 if 虚拟条件句中，若省略 if，则将 should，were，had 前置，构成主谓倒装句式。Had I worked harder，I would have succeeded.如果我当时努力学习的话，我就会成功的。Were she my daughter(Should she be my daughter)，I wouldnt allow her to study abroad.如果她是我的女儿的话，我就不让她出国学习了。2混合虚拟语气。若主句和从
17、句所表示的时间不一致，就构成了混合虚拟语气或错综虚拟语气，此时，主句和从句的时态形式根据实际的时间概念来定。If she had followed the doctors words，she would feel better now.如果当初她听从了医生的建议，现在就会好多了。3含蓄虚拟语气。19有时候假设的条件不是通过条件从句表达，而是隐含在某些介词短语中，如without.，but for，otherwise，or 等中。Without music(If there were no music)，the world would be dull.世界若无音乐将会很枯燥。Im really
18、very busy，otherwise I would certainly go there with you.(otherwiseif I were not so busy)我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。语法冲关.用所给单词的正确形式填空1If I _(not，see)it with my own eyes，I wouldnt have believed it.(2015北京卷)2Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway _ (not，write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(2015重庆卷)3I
19、 wish I _(be)at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.(2015天津卷)4Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I _(dance)as well as her.(2015陕西卷)5_ (have) I followed your advice, I would have had no trouble with my papers.6If you_(be) here，you would see the famous star.7_
20、(be) it to rain，the crops would be saved.8But for the rain，we_(finish) the work already.9If it had rained last night，the ground_(be)wet now.10If you_(take)your teachers advice，you would not have failed the exam last week.答案：1.hadnt seen 2.wouldnt have written 3.had been 4.danced 5.Had 6.were 7.Were
21、8.would have finished 9.would be 10.had taken.单句改错每句中有 1 处错误，找出并改正。1Mary looks hot and tired.So will you if you had a high fever._2If he was free，he would help us._203Has he learned about computers，we would have hired him to work here._4But for electricity，there will be no modern industry._5Were it
22、rain tomorrow，we would have to call off the picnic._6I wish I am as strong as you._7He wishes he has not lost the chance._8I wish you should not smoke any more._9Id rather you go tomorrow._10Id rather you havent told me about it yesterday._答案：1.willwould 2.waswere 3.HasHad 4.willwould 5.rain 前加 to或
23、Were 改为 Should 6.amwere 7.hashad 8.shouldwould 9.gowent 10.haventhadnt.用虚拟语气完成句子1After class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if he _ (没有被帮助) by others.2I believe that if you _ (是我), you would make the same choice.3How I wish I _ (读) and replied to your e
24、mail as soon as I received it.4He _ (伤心) if he knew it.5The boss insisted that the man _ (偷) the money and insisted that he _ (离开) the company at once.答案：1.hadnt been helped 2.were me 3.had read 4.would be sad 5.had stolen should leave.语法填空用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。I was a guilty man.If my master Priest Tang
25、1._ (not save) my life 21at the risk of his own life, I wouldnt have met with Bai Jingjing.If I 2._ (not meet) with Bai Jingjing, I wouldnt have fallen in love with her at first sight.If I 3._ (not fall) in love with her at first sight, Puti 4._ (not tell) me the birth of the devil.If Puti hadnt tol
26、d me the birth of the devil, the devil 5._ (not jump) down to the cliff.If the devil 6._ (not jump) down to the cliff, I wouldnt have realized how deeply she had been loving me and what true love is!Now I often wonder what the world 7._ (be) if there 8._ (be) no love? How a person 9._ (feel) if he 1
27、0._ (live) in a world without people, especially without a person who loves him and he loves! If I had one more chance someday, I would say to the girl “I love you”！答案：1.hadnt saved 2.hadnt met 3.hadnt fallen 4.wouldnt have told 5.wouldnt have jumped 6.hadnt jumped 7.would be 8.were 9.would feel 10.
28、lived泛读提效 视野延伸语篇理解读课文 P6，选择最佳选项1The passage may probably come from_Aa newspaper Ba magazineCa tourist guide book Da textbook2You must walk all the way instead of taking a lift if you visit_AMetropolitan Museum of ArtBWhitney Museum of American ArtCMuseum of Modern ArtDGuggenheim Museum3If you want t
29、o see Van Goghs paintings，you may go to_AThe Frick CollectionBGuggenheim MuseumCMuseum of Modern ArtDMetropolitan Museum of Art4You can expect to see videos in_AMetropolitan Museum of ArtBMuseum of Modern Art22CThe Frick CollectionDWhitney Museum of American Art5Which museum does number 4 in the map
30、 stand for?AMetropolitan Museum of Art.BThe Frick Collection.CMuseum of Modern Art.DWhitney Museum of American Art.答案：1.C 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.B要点直击1(教材原句 P6)Henry Clay Frick，a rich New Yorker，died in 1919，leaving his house，furniture and art collection to the American people.亨利克莱弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于 1919 年去世，把他的房
31、子、家具和艺术收藏品留给了美国人民。句式分析句中 leaving his house，furniture and art collection to the American people是现在分词短语，作结果状语。 When he was a little boy，his parents died，leaving him an orphan.在他很小的时候父母去世了，他成了孤儿。The sap passes right through the ants bodies，only getting a little thicker and sweeter.树液径直流过蚂蚁的身体，结果变得又浓又甜了
32、。归纳拓展 1leave宾语to do /doing/doneleave宾语 adj./adv.leave宾语介词短语It was you who left me in a difficult position.是你让我处境困难。His words left us talking all the day.他的话使我们讨论了一整天。归纳拓展 2动词 ing 形式(短语)在句子中可以作时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果状语。Hearing the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai.听到这个消息，他们立即动身去上海。Not knowing how
33、to get there，I had to ask the way.23因为不知道如何到那里，我只得问路。Using your head，youll find a good way.用脑子好好想想，你会发现好的方法的。即学即练用所给动词的适当形式填空，并指出其在句中作何种成分。More highways have been built in China，_(make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to another._(see)Tom，I couldnt help thinking of his brother._(fr
34、ee)ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness.It rained heavily in the south，_(cause)serious flooding in several provinces.There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland，_(stare)at the night sky.With the children _
35、(follow)him，he had to go back to the park.Last night，there were millions of people _(watch)the opening ceremony live on TV.While _(wait)there，he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.完成句子。The boy watched the match all the afternoon，_男孩看了一下午的比赛，没有做家庭作业。The teacher asked the students not to _老
36、师要求学生们不要忘记关门。答案：making 伴随状语 Seeing 时间状语 To free 目的状语 causing 结果状语 staring 伴随状语 following 宾语补足语 watching 定语 waiting 时间状语 leaving the homework undone leave the door open2(教材原句 P6)When you walk into the gallery，you feel as if you were inside a fragile，white seashell.当你走进画廊的时候，你会觉得自己仿佛置身于一个精细的白色贝壳之中。句法分
37、析该句中 as if 引导的表语从句用了虚拟语气。as if 引导的表语从句或方式状语从句若表示与事实相反的情况，需用虚拟语气。She looks as if she were an artist.24她看起来像是一位艺术家。He talked as if he had really been to the USA.他谈论起来好像他真的去过美国似的。温馨提示 在这种从句中，如果假设的情况很可能会发生，则可不用虚拟语气。It looks as if it is going to rain.天看起来像是要下雨了。He looks as if he is angry with you.他看起来好像生
38、你的气了。即学即练单句填空。He had a wonderful childhood，_ (travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes，hearts，and food as if I _ (be) their own family.He opened his mouth as if _ (speak)I used to be an overweight boy，_(weight) 95 kg in Junior
39、 One.So I decided to lose weight.The summer camp group，_ (consist) of 30 students, will start for Beijing and stay there for three weeks.完成句子。_he should miss such an important meeting.让人惊讶的是他缺席了这么重要的会议。Its said that this is a film _据说这是一部很值得看的电影。Her parents died in the earthquake，_她父母死于地震，使她成了孤儿。It
40、_ to decide whether to go out or not.是否出去由她自己决定。They stared at me _ a superman.他们都盯着我看，好像我是个超人。答案：travelling were to speak weighing consisting It is amazing that well worth seeing leaving her an orphan is up to her as if I were阅读技能25事实、细节类阅读技能所谓细节理解题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接
41、找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why 和 how 等提问)，语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)，数字计算题，排列顺序题，图表、图画题，等等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为：1When/Where did the story happen?2Which of the following statements is(not) correct/false/ mentioned in the passage? 3Which is the
42、right order of the events given in the passage?4All the statements are true/false except.5What does the writer pay least attention to?6Which of the following is not the result of.?7Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of.?8.Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right p
43、osition of./relationship of.?9.Which of the following maps shows the right way to.?10.Which of the drawings below gives an idea of what.is like?应试技巧细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：1对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。2词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子
44、的语态，给考生制造障碍。3语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。4正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征：1将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。262把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。3无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。4偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四” ，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。5文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。即学即练阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。( 2017全国卷，A )Pacific Science Centre GuideVisit Pacific Science Centres StoreDont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centres Store while you are here to pick up a
