1、12019 牛津译林高考英语一轮基础选习题：模块 2U2李仕才一、阅读理解。Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people，according to a study from Berlin，Germany.“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents he
2、alth.This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species， ”said Sonja Hilbrand，one of the researchers.The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.Overall，after accounting for grandparents age
3、and general state of health，the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren，compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasnt a relative.Half of all childles
4、s seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began，while nonhelpers lived for four years on average.“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society.Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that
5、 keeps caregivers physically and mentally active， ”said Professor Bruno Arpino.Arpino noted，however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working，being in social clubs，or volunte
6、ering.“Children should take_into_account their parents needs，willingness，and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare， ”he suggested.“It is very important that every individual decides for himself/herself, what proper amounts of help means， ”Hilbrand said，adding， “As long as
7、 you do not feel stressed about the intensity (强度)of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”1What is the caregiving study based on?AHuman evolutionary history.2BDemand of modern society.CSocial contact between relatives.DData on many elderly people.2In A
8、rpinos opinion，childcare _.Ais sure to keep old people away from illnessesBallows old people to live a more meaningful lifeCcreates more job opportunities for old peopleDmakes social activities inaccessible to old people3What does the underlined part“take into account”in Paragraph 6 probably mean?AL
9、imit. BIgnore.CFavor. DConsider.4What does the last paragraph tell us?AGrandparents can do anything in their own interests.BGrandparents should share more social responsibilities.CProper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents.DCaregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life.【解题导语】德国柏林一项研
10、究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。难句分析：Overall, after accounting for grandparents age and general state of health，the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.分析：本句为主从复合句。其中，Overall 在此为副
11、词，在句中作状语；after 为介词，其后接动名词短语作宾语；两个 who 均引导定语从句 compared with grandparents who.为过去分词短语作状语。译文：总的来说，在考虑祖父母的年龄和大致的健康状况后，与那些没照顾孙辈的祖父母相比，那些照顾孙辈的祖父母在 20 年间的死亡风险要低三分之一。1D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句 The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.可知，这一发现是从对 500 多个 70 岁以上的老人的数据分析得来的。故选 D 项。2B 推理判断题。
12、根据题干中的 Arpinos opinion 定位至文章第五段中的“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society.”可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自3己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是说，看护小孩可以使他们感觉生活得有意义。故选 B 项。3D 词义猜测题。根据上文中 too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities
13、 及后面的“.their parents needs，willingness，and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare， ”可知，过多的照看责任会使老人无法从事其他有意义的活动，所以孩子应考虑老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他们照顾孩子的时间长度和强度的选择。由此可猜测，take into account 意为“考虑” ，与 consider 意义相近。故选 D 项。4C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As long as you do not feel stressed about the inten
14、sity of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”可知，只要你帮忙的强度不会让你感到有压力，这对他人、对你自己都是有好处的。由此可知，适当地照顾小孩对祖父母有好处。故选 C 项。二、单项选择。1.The umbrella was not invented as a protection against rain. It was used as a _ against the sun.A. block B. shadow C. cushion D. shade【
15、答案】D2.Chinas top sports official said to the press that more favorable policies and financial support, in 2013,will be_ for the development of football by the government.A. provided B. supplied C. offered D. applied【答案】A【解析】provide sth. for sb./sth.为提供某物，此处用了被动形式。此外 supply sth.to sb.，offer sth.to sb
16、.为某人提供某物；apply for 申请，应用。句意：中国高级体育官员对媒体说在 2013 年将为国家足球的发展提供更多有利政策和财政支持。3.He is _ as the most famous film director in China. Do you think so?Yes, so he is.A. thought B. viewed C. looked D. believed【答案】B4【解析】be viewed as“被认为，被看作” 。表示“被认为”也可用 be looked on as，be thought to be 或 be thought of as。句意：“他被认为
17、是中国最出名的电影导演。你觉得呢？” “是的，他确实是。 ”4.Half a century ago, parts of the Thames were _ “biologically dead” because of the pollution.A. declared B. imagined C. sensed D. marked【答案】A【解析】declared 声明，宣布；imagined 想象，猜想；sensed 感觉，感觉到；marked 标出，标志。句意：半个世纪以前，泰晤士河部分水域因为污染被宣布生物无法生存。5.AlphaGos beating Go grandmaster L
18、ee Sedol 4-1 has _ an international debate about whether robots will completely take the place of humans.A. given off B. worked out C. set off D. put out 【答案】C【解析】give off 发出，放出，散发出，放射出；work out 解决，作出，锻炼；set off 引起，点燃；put out 扑灭，伸出，生产，出版。句意：AlphaGo 计算机系统以4 比 1 的总比分战胜了围棋大师李世石引起了一场机器人是否会完全取代人的国际性争论。6.
19、Premier Li Keqiang urges that we should all seek to live _ in a world of multi-civilizations.A. in vain B. in comfort C. in harmony D. in defense【答案】C【解析】in vain 徒劳地，无益地；in comfort 舒适地；in harmony 和谐地；in defense 保护，防卫。句意：李克强总理呼吁我们应该在一个多元文明的世界里努力和谐地生活在一起。7.The rising admission prices of scenic attract
20、ions may cast a _ over your plans for the coming holiday. A. shame B. shelter C. shadow D. shade 【答案】C【解析】shame 羞愧，羞辱；shelter 避难所，遮蔽；cast a shadow over 给笼罩上阴影；shade 遮阳，遮棚，挡风物，玻璃罩，(画的)阴暗部分。句意：景区门票5价格的上涨也许会给你即将到来的度假计划笼罩上阴影。8.As the worlds population continues to grow, the _ of food becomes more and mo
21、re of a concern.A. worth B. supply C. package D. list【答案】B【解析】worth 价值；supply 供应；package 包裹；list 清单。 “人口增长”与“粮食供应”是一对矛盾，人口越多，粮食供应就越紧张，所以应该选择 B 项。句意：随着世界人口的持续增长，粮食供应越来越令人担忧。9._ the enormous sacrifices of life and property of a nation because of war, any attempt to start a war must be regarded as a cr
22、ime against the nation. A. In charge of B. For fear of C. According to D. In view of【答案】D【解析】句意：鉴于战争给一个国家带来的生命和财产方面的巨大损失，任何发动战争的企图都必须被视为反国家的犯罪。in view of“鉴于”符合题意。In charge of 负责，主管，管理；for fear of 为了避免，害怕；according to 根据。10. He _ himself a philosopher, who had given up everything, glory included.A. a
23、dvocated B. announced C. advertised D. declared 【答案】D【解析】declare 宣布，声明，宣称。句意：他自称是一个哲学家，把世上的一切都看成过眼浮云，连荣誉也不例外。11.Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan.A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up【答案】B【解析】句意：有了收集来的信息，你可以开始准备你的商业计划了。set out 出发，着手，开始，安排；set
24、 about 着手做，开始做，攻击；set off 出发，引爆；set up 建立，创立。set out to do sth=set about doing sth 开始做某事，横线后用的是动名词，故选 B。612.Barbara White and her mother like to listen to music together, though their tastes are _.A. out of question B. out of date C. out of harmony D. out of reach【答案】C【解析】out of harmony 不一致，不和谐。句意：尽
25、管芭芭拉怀特和她的母亲音乐品味不一致，她们还是喜欢一起听音乐。13.It is the first time that he _ here and now it is high time that he _ around.A. come; should be shown B. has come; was shown C. came; was shown D. has come; be shown【答案】B【解析】在句型“It is the first time that +从句”中前面是一般现在时，that 从句用现在完成时；而在句型“it is high time that+从句”中，从句用
26、一般过去时或者用 should+动词原形。由此可知 B 选项正确。句意：这是他第一次来这儿，现在是领着他到处转转的时候了。14.Have you met Mr. Li?Yes. When I arrived, he _ for Shanghai to attend a national conference. A. just left B. had just left C. just leaves D. was just leaving【答案】D【解析】根据 arrived 可知，其主句也应该用过去的某种时态，C 项不正确；A 项表示过去发生的动作，B 项表示过去的过去，这两项均不合句意要求，
27、故被排除；设空处表示过去将来的事情(过去进行时表示将来)，故答案为 D 项。句意：“你见到李先生了吗？”“是的。当我到的时候，他正要去上海参加一个全国会议。 ”15.Alfred pretended to be calm when the two policemen suddenly appeared but he knew he _. A. has been arrested B. would be arrested C. will be arrestedD. would arrest【答案】B【解析】句意：当两个警察突然出现时，阿尔弗雷德假装很镇定，但他知道他会被捕的。从 knew 看出，
28、本句应用过去时态，且本句中被捕相对于 knew 而言，是发生在将7来的动作，故此处应用过去将来时且用被动语态。三、完形填空。One day when I was 13，my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and _1_ a fire.We didnt see the fire _2_ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I _3_ to jump over the fence to
29、 safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in _4_ as the flames continued to rise.Little did I know that my father had once been a(n)_5_ and knew what to do. _6_ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots，he _7_ down to the nearby pond，filled the buckets and the sprayer，and began
30、 spraying the _8_ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind _9_，however，and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time，my father began to stamp(踩灭) out the flames as he moved to the _10_，so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the gate._11_ he arri
31、ved at the gate，he jumped into the truck，rolled up the windows，and drove _12_ the fire.Then the fire was put out，and my mother was looking at my father with her _13_ eyes.After that，my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter，and my brother and I became _14_，asking him what other jobs
32、 he had done before he _15_.Well，it turned out that he had done just about _16_ except brain surgery!He had been in the military as a carpenter，carpet layer，and an electrician，and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had _17_ him to retire.My father has a blood disorder as
33、a result of that _18_，but that hasnt stopped him from being a fulltime electrician.To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be _19_ of them，and remember that some day their _20_ might save your life.1A.prevented BpermittedCwitnessed Dstarted 2A.becau
34、se BunlessCafter Duntil3A.wanted BmanagedCpromised Dhappened4A.anger Bhorror8Cexcitement Dembarrassment5A.carpenter BelectricianCfirefighter Deducator6A.Armed BSatisfiedCShared DIdentified7A.slid BfellCdashed Dwalked8A.trees BgrassCflames Dflowers9A.died off Btook onCturned out Dpicked up10A.fence B
35、truckCfurniture Dbucket11A.If BOnceCSince DWhile12A.through BalongCover Dacross13A.high BwideCfast Dfar14A.curious BsuspiciousCconcerned Danxious15A.moved BresignedCretired Dsuffered16A.everything BnothingCsomething Danything17A.allowed BencouragedCinvited Dforced18A.fire BaccidentCattempt Dexplanat
36、ion19A.afraid BproudCcareful Dashamed20A.culture BlearningCskills Dlanguages【解题导语】本文作者通过讲述火灾中父亲扑灭大火的故事，告诉我们曾经在部队和9做过其他危险工作的父亲将来某一天可能会用他们的技能拯救我们的生命，我们应为他们感到骄傲。【核心词汇】as a result of 由于，因为(其后跟宾语)be proud of 为感到骄傲1D 根据该句中的“the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and _1_ a fire”可知，此处表示一场火灾开始了。D 项意为“开始，使开始发生” ，符合语境
37、。prevent“阻止” ；permit“允许” ；witness“目击” 。2D 直到大火堵住了通往唯一的门的路，我们才发现大火。此处考查“not.until.”结构。3A 根据语境可知， “我”想(wanted)跳过篱笆，到达安全地带，可是大火包围了我们。manage“设法做成” ；promise“许诺” ；happen“发生” 。4B 由上文可知，大火包围了我们， “我”只能惊恐地看着火焰继续上升。in horror“惊恐地” ；in anger“生气地” ；in excitement“兴奋地” ；in embarrassment“尴尬地” 。5C 根据第二段第一句中的“my fathe
38、r began telling us about his days as a firefighter”可知，父亲曾经是一名消防员。carpenter“木匠，木工” ；electrician“电工” ；educator“教育工作者” 。6A 本题考查 be armed with 的省略结构作状语，意为“用装备或武装” ，故选A 项。satisfied“满意的，满足的” ；shared“共有的” ；identified“可辨认的” 。7C 根据语境可知，父亲应该是冲(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行” 。8C 根据上下文可知，此处指开始用水喷向火焰(flames)。9D 根据语境可知，
39、此处表示然而很快，风又变强了。pick up“变大，变强” ，符合语境。die off“相继死去，先后死去” ；take on“呈现，开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；turn out“结果是，证明是” 。10B 根据下文中的“he jumped into the truck”可知，父亲走向卡车。11B 考查连词。A 项意为“如果” ，引导条件状语从句；B 项意为“一就，一旦” ，引导时间状语从句；C 项“自以来，因为，既然” ；D 项“当时候，尽管” 。由上下文可知，此处指父亲一到达大门，就跳进了卡车里。故选 B 项。12A 根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过。through“通过，穿过”
40、，表示运动发生在某物的空间内；along“沿着” ；over“在上面” ；across“从一边到另一边，横过” ，表示动作发生在物体的表面。13B 根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过，火最终被扑灭了，所以母亲睁大(wide)眼睛看着父亲。14A 根据下文中的“asking him what other jobs he had done”可知，我们是很10好奇的(curious)。suspicious“怀疑的，猜疑的” ；concerned“(与某事)有关的，有牵连的” ； anxious“焦虑的，不安的，担心的” 。15C 根据语境可知，我们问父亲在退休(retired)之前还做过其他什么工
41、作。下文中的“to retire”也是提示。16A 根据第三段对父亲退休前工作的描述可知，父亲做过很多事情，所以此处指除了做脑外科手术之外，父亲几乎什么都做过。everything except“除了之外什么都”符合语境。17D 由上下文可知，那场事故迫使(forced)父亲退休。18B 根据上下文可知，此处指那场事故(accident)。attempt“尝试” ； explanation“解释” 。19B be proud of “为感到骄傲”符合语境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的，内疚的，惭愧的” 。20C 根据上文可知，此处指他们的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生
42、命。四、七选五。While you are travelling abroad, cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes, which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill feeling between individuals. 1._ Touching Someone2_ In Mediterranean countries, if you dont touch someones arm when talking to them or if you
43、dont greet them with kisses or a warm hug, youll be considered cold. But backslap(拍背) someone who isnt a family member or a good friend in Korea, and youll make them uncomfortable. In Thailand, the head is considered sacrednever even pat a child on the head.Talking over DinnerIn some countries, like
44、 China, Japan and some African nations, the food is the thing, so dont start chatting about your days adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner.3_ Its not because your group is unfriendly, but because mealtimes are for eating, not talking.Removing Your Shoes or NotTake off your shoes whe
45、n arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized, but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands and youll be 11considered disrespectful. So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces. 4._ On
46、ce you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive to native behavior. 5._ And dont feel offended if something seems offensivelike queue jumping. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.APersonal space varies as you travel the globe.BAsians consider r
47、emoving shoes impolite at home.CNever be completely surprised by anything.DThe linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.ELook out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.FIf not, keep the shoes on.GYoull likely be met with silence.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，讲述了一些
48、出国旅游时应当注意的文化上的错误。1E 解析：该空是一个总结句，用来引出下面要提到的话题，起承上启下的作用，故选E 项。2A 解析：结合小标题“Touching Someone”及下文提到的不同国家对于触碰有不同的习俗可知，不同的地方对个人空间的理解各不相同。故选 A 项。3G 解析：上文介绍在中国、日本和一些非洲国家，吃饭时不要闲谈。由此可知，吃饭时要保持沉默，只有 G 项与此相关。故选 G 项。4F 解析：该空与前一句是相反的情况，上文提到“如果你在门口看到一排鞋子，就松开你的鞋带” ，接下来就应当描写与之相反的情况，故选 F 项。5C 解析：从空后的“And dont .like queue jumping.”可知，此空与该句表并列关系，也应是“不要” ，故选
