1、Unit 3,A taste of English humour,Section Learning about Language,语 法 精 讲,情态动词() 动词ing作表语，定语，宾语补足语,自 主 预 习,用所给词的适当形式填空，并指出其在句中所充当的成份。 1You may find it _(astonish) that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.(宾语补足语) 2Such training was common in _(act)fa
2、milies at this time，especially when the family income was often uncertain.(定语) 3No one was ever bored watching himhis subtle acting made everything _(entertain).(宾语补足语),astonishing,acting,entertaining,4He grew more and more popular as his _(charm) character，the little tramp，became known throughout t
3、he world.(定语) 5He walked around stiffly carrying a _(walk)stick.(定语) 6The acting is so _(convince) that you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.(表语),charming,walking,convincing,合 作 探 究,一、基础点拨 动词ing形式在句子中可以作主语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。其基本形式以动词do为例：,(一)动词ing作表语 1作表语的动词ing所体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语
4、的内容进行解释说明，可表示抽象或习惯上的动作，且主语和表语可以换位。 *Her job is cleaning the building. 她的工作是打扫楼房。 2作表语的现在分词是形容词性的，表示主语的性质或特征，这时通常看作形容词，且主语与表语不可换位。 *Though the job is boring，he has to do it to make a living. 尽管这份工作无趣，为了谋生他也只好做。,完成句子。 _，but he has to depend on it to support himself. 他的工作很无趣，但是他需要依靠它来养活自己。 What has mad
5、e him unhappy is _. 让他不高兴的是他把他最喜欢的自行车丢了。 The flower _. 这朵花看起来很迷人。,His job is boring,losing his favorite bike,looks charming,(二)动词ing作定语 1动词ing作定语表示名词的属性或事物的用途时，一般只能作前置定语。 *Now he is waiting for you in the waiting room.(表示用途) 现在他在候诊室里等着你。,2动词ing兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征时，可以作前置定语(具有动词、形容词的特征)，也可以作后置定语(兼有动词、形容词和副
6、词的特征)，表示正在进行的动作或某种状态，单个动词ing作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之前；动词ing短语作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之后，相当于一个定语从句。 *The girl standing there (The girl who is standing there)is my classmate.站在那里的女孩是我的同学。,按要求完成下列练习 The girl standing there is my classmate.(改为定语从句) The girl _ is my classmate. He saw a flying bird.(改为定语从句) He saw a bird _.
7、,who is standing there,that was flying,完成句子。 Those _ the club should sign here.(wish) 想加入俱乐部的人在这儿签名。 The topic _ has drawn some experts attention.( discuss) 正在讨论的这个话题已引起了一些专家的注意。,wishing to join,being discussed,1位于感官动词后( see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，notice等)。 *I felt somebody patting me on the sho
8、ulder. 我感到有人拍我的肩膀。 2位于使役动词后( have，make，let，get，keep，set，catch等)。 *He got the clock going again. 他让钟表又走了起来。 3用于with复合结构中。 *With the light burning，he felt asleep. 灯亮着，他睡着了。,二、难点突破 1作表语的动词ing形式，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的，用来修饰物，常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzz
9、ling，amusing，astonishing，此类形容词意为：令人的。 *The problem is puzzling，which easily makes people puzzled. 这个问题是令人迷惑的，很容易让人迷惑不解。,2see，hear，feel，watch等动词之后用动词ing和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别。 (1)动词ing作宾语补足语时，表示动作正在进行；而动词不定式作宾语补足语时，表示(或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程。 *When we passed the classroom，we saw a student playing the piano.(动作在进行) 当我们经过教室时，我们看见一个学生在弹钢琴。 *We watched our teacher make an experiment during yesterdays class.(动作全过程) 在昨天的课上，我们观看老师做了一个实验。,(2)若用短暂性动词的某个形式作宾语补足语，其不定式短语表示一个动作，而其ing则表示反复动作。 *We heard the door slam.(一次动作) 我们听见门“砰”的一声关上了。 *We heard the door slamming.(反复动作) 我们听见了“砰砰砰”的关门声。,
