1、12019 中考英语阅读、首字母、短文语法选择精享新选（11）一、阅读理解。A（2019 中考保健与健康类选练）How much sleep do we need? We are all different. Some people need only three hours of sleep a night. Others need ten hours of sleep a night. Most Americans sleep an average ( 平均 ) of seven to eight hours a night. After the age of fifty, the ave
2、rage sleep time goes down to 6.5 hours a day.Most people have a night when they cannot sleep. About one in three(1/3) Americans has a problem with sleep. Many of these people can not fall asleep. The name of this problem is insomnia.This is not a new problem. Many famous people in history had insomn
3、ia. Some of these people had special ideas to make them sleep. Benjamin Franklin, a famous statesman ( 政治家 ) and inventor, had four beds. He moved from one to another to fall asleep. King Louis XIV of France had 413 beds and hoped to fall asleep in one of them. Mark Twain, a famous American writer,
4、had a different way. He lay on his side across the end of the bed!( )1. Peoples sleeping time at night is _.A. three hours B. ten hours C. not the same D. not different( )2. In America, when people are more than fifty, they often sleep _ hours a night.A. a lot more B. seven to eight C. only three D.
5、 about six and a half( )3. When Benjamin Franklin couldnt fall asleep, he _.A. went to sleep in another bed B. made another bedC. moved the bed to another room D. slept on the floor( )4. When he had sleeping problems, _ slept at the other end of the bed.A. Benjamin Franklin B. Louis XIV C. Mark Twai
6、n D. Thomas Edison( )5. The word “ insomnia ” means _ in Chinese.2A. 失明 B. 失眠 C. 失语 D. 失聪参考答案 1C 2D 3A 4C 5BB意外的惊喜On February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris. She reached into her change purse, emptied out all the coins she had
7、 and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that this small generous act(举动) would change their lives.Sarah didnt realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring that she had put in her change purse earlier until the next morning. She and her husba
8、nd, Bill Krejci, rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the same place, but also immediately returned the ring. The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had.Bill Krejci, a web designer, felt that he needed
9、 to do something more for this amazingly honest man. So on February 18th, he set up a special page(网页) to raise money for him. In just four days, Billy received over $85，000 and there seems to be no end yet.That is not enough. Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the st
10、reets. And thats not allThanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother, Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years.All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thingreturning something that did not belong to him.1. When did Sarah realize that she had a
11、lso given Billy her diamond ring?A. On February 9th, 2013. B. On February 10th, 2013.C. On February 18th, 2013. D. On February 22nd, 2013.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?3A. Billy is living with a generous person. B. Billy has found his brother.C. Billy bought a diamond rin
12、g. D. Billy appeared in the news report.3. The underlined word “That” in Paragraph 4 refers to(指代)“_” A. returning the ring B. setting up a pageC. living in the streets D. receiving money4. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. A generous woman changed her own life. B. A kind man set up a special pa
13、ge.C. A homeless man returned diamond ring. D. Many people donated much money.5. From this story, we know that _A. helping others is helping ourselvesB. helping those in trouble is sometimes not necessaryC. life is not that easyD. we should always help old people【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。无家可归的 Billy 及时归还了钻戒，他诚
14、实的举动给他带来了很多意想不到的好运。1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Sarah 什么时候意识到把戒指也给了 Billy？A 项：2013 年 2 月 9 号；B 项：2013 年 2 月 10 号；C 项：2013 年 2 月 18 号；D 项：2013 年 2 月 22号。根据第一段第一句“On February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was.”以及第二段第一句“.she had put in her change purse earlier until the next morning.”可知，在2013 年 2 月 10 号，Sarah 意识到把钻戒
15、也给了 Billy，故选 B。2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下面哪项文中没有提及？A 项：Billy 跟一个慷慨的人住在一起；B 项：Billy 找到了他哥哥；C 项：Billy 买了一个钻石戒指；D 项：Billy 出现在新闻报道中。根据倒数第二段第二句“Billy is living with a person who is generous.”可知 A 项有提及；以及本段最后一句“.he got together again with his older brother.”可知 B 项有提及；根据第三段第二句“So on February 18th, he set up a s
16、pecial page(网页) to raise money for him.”可知 D 项有提及，推理可知，只有 C项没有提及，故选 C。3. D 【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第四段中的划线单词“That”指代“_” 。A项：归还戒指；B 项：创建网页；C 项：在街上住；D 项：收到钱。根据倒数第二段第一句“That is not enough.”并结合上一段最后一句“.Billy received over $85，000 and 4there seems to be no end yet.”可知，此处“That”指代 Billy 收到钱这件事情，故选D。4. C 【解析】主旨大意题。题
17、干意为：文章的主旨大意是什么？A 项：一个慷慨的女士改变了她自己的生活；B 项：一个好心人创建了特殊的网页；C 项：一个无家可归的人归还钻戒；D 项：许多人捐赠很多钱。分析整篇文章可知，无家可归的 Billy 把钻戒及时归还，他的诚实举动给他带来了很多意想不到的好运，故选 C。5. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从这个故事，我们了解到_。A 项：帮助别人就是帮助我们自己；B 项：帮助那些处在困境中的人有时候没必要；C 项：生活不是那么容易；D 项：我们应该总是帮助老人。分析故事可知，Billy 的诚实帮助了别人，也帮助了自己，故选 A。CMany children think mobile
18、 phones are cool. They come in fun colors and let you talk with friends anytime and anywhere.In the U.S., more than 90 million people use mobile phones. Many of these people are children. For children, mobile phones are more than phone calls. They are fashionable.Most mobile phone users dont think a
19、bout the health problems caused(引起) by mobile phones. Some scientists say that mobile phones give off radiation(辐射) that might be bad for the users. One newest study shows that mobile phone radiation might raise(增加) a persons chance of getting some kinds of cancer(癌症). Other scientists say mobile ph
20、ones dont threaten peoples health. They say that they have not found any link(联系) between phone use and cancer.Scientists say that people can protect (保护) themselves from mobile phone radiation. One way is to use a headset(耳机). Or people can make shorter call.1Many children like mobile phones becaus
21、e they think mobile phones are _.A. cool B. small C. cheap D. their toys2Many of the mobile phone users in the U.S. are _. 5A. girls B. boys C. scientists D. children 3Some scientists think mobile phones arent _ for users health. They causes some kinds of cancerA. bad B. good C. wrong D. helpful4The
22、 underlined word “threaten” in the passage means _.A. 威胁. B. 担心 C. 治疗 D. 证实5What should people do to protect themselves from mobile phone radiation?A. Make longer calls B. Use a headset C. Make shorter calls D. Both B and C【参考答案】1A 2D 3B 4A 5D【解析】试题分析：这篇短文主要谈论了手机对于我们健康的危害，以及如何保护自己的健康。1根据第一段 Many chi
23、ldren think mobile phones are cool. 描述，可知他们认为手机很酷。故选 A。2根据短文第二段 In the U.S., more than 90 million people use mobile phones. Many of these people are children. 描述，很多手机用户是孩子们，故选 D。3根据短文第三段 Some scientists say that mobile phones give off radiation(辐射) that might be bad for the users. One newest study s
24、hows that mobile phone radiation might raise(增加) a persons chance of getting some kinds of cancer(癌症).描述，可知一些科学家认为手机对于人们的健康没有好处。故选 B。4联系上下文描述，可知此处指的是，其它科学家认为手机不会威胁人们的健康。故选A。5根据短文最后一段 One way is to use a headset(耳机). Or people can make shorter call.描述，可知为了保护自己，我们可以用耳机或者尽量缩短通话时间。故选D。考点：关于手机危害的议论文阅读点评：
25、本文浅显易懂，层次分明，学生很容易把握文章中心内容。答题中注意带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。6二、语法选择。阅读下面短文，从 115 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Long long ago there was a poor farmer _1_ Fred. Fred and his wife, Doris lived _2_ together in _3_ small old house. One winter night, the Luck Fai
26、ry _4_ them. “ Fred, youre _5_ good farmer. Id like _6_ you a wish,” said the Luck Fairy. Fred and Doris smiled at _7_. Then Fred said, “Thank you, Luck Fairy. Were very healthy and happy.”“Were old, _8_ we can still work _9_ the field every day.” said Doris. “You work very _10_, but you make a litt
27、le money. Would you like some gold coins?”“Oh, no, my dear Luck Fairy. Were poor. But we have enough to eat.” replied Fred.“You can use the gold coins _11_ some clothes. The winter _12_very cold.” said the Luck Fairy. “_13_ we dont have many clothes, weve got enough.” said Doris.“Youre quite differe
28、nt _14_ other people,” “I wish you happiness and luck forever.” Then the Luck Fairy _15_ and never came back.( ) 1. A. call B. called C. calling D. to call( ) 2 A. happy B. happily C. sad D. sadly( ) 3. A. its B. his C. their D. themselves ( ) 4. A. visit B. visits C. visited D. was visited( ) 5. A.
29、 a B. an C. the D. /( ) 6. A. to give B. gives C. giving D. gave( ) 7. A. the other B. another C. others D. each other 7( ) 8. A. so B. and C. because D. but ( ) 9. A. in B. at C. for D. from ( ) 10. A. hardest B. harder C. hard D. hardly( ) 11. A. buy B. bought C. buying D. to buy( ) 12. A. is B. w
30、as C. are D. were( ) 13. A. Though B. If C. As D. Since( ) 14. A. of B. for C. from D. into ( ) 15 A. disappeared B. disappear C. disappearing D. disappears参考答案 15 BBCCA 610 ADDAC 1115 DAACA 三、短文首字母填空。根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词)In the middle of Jiangsu province, Yangzhou is an important ci
31、ty in the economic circle of the Yangtze River delta(三角洲). It is m 1 up of three cities of Baoying, Gaoyou, and Yizheng, three districts of Hanjiang, Guangling and Jiangdu. It has an area of 6,638 square kilometers and a population of 4.6 million, i 2 the central area of 1,100 square kilometers with
32、 a population of 1.31 million.Yangzhou is a cultural city with a long history and rich c 3 . It has a long history of about 2,500 years since King Fu Chai of Wu dug Hangou and built Hancheng. There were three g 4 times in the history of Yangzhou. It took shape in the Han Dynasty, developed in the Ta
33、ng Dynasty and reached its top in the Qing Dynasty. A number of politicians, writers and a 5 such as Li Bai, Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty and Ouyang Xiu and Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty all served as officials or went sightseeing there and l 6 many poems describing the beauty of Yangzhou. “Eight eccen
34、trics of Yangzhou“, Yangzhou school and Yangzhou opera all enjoy special qualities. In h 7 , Yangzhou was a famous and open city. In the Tang dynasty, it is the biggest city in Southeast China and one of the four ports(港口) that conducted economic and cultural exchanges with other c 8 . Over 10 thous
35、and foreign businessmen lived in Yangzhou then. Master Jianzhen went eastward to Japan to s 9 Chinas culture.8Yangzhou is a friendly and beautiful city suitable for people to live in. Such famous well-known sayings as “In this flowery March journeyed south to Yangzhou”, “The green city is Yangzhou”,
36、 “Only Yangzhou is suitable for people to l 10 in” give true expression to Yangzhou. In 2006, it was awarded the United Nations Habitat Award, the highest prize in the area of global habitat. 【参考答案】 1. made 2. including 3. culture 4. golden 5. artists 6. left 7. history 8. countries 9. spread 10. live
