1、12019中考英语阅读、首字母、短文语法选择精享新选（3）一、阅读理解。A（2019 中考选练）Hello, everyone. Because of the high rate of school violence(暴力) in some areas, teenagers safety becomes a serious problem. We are planning to set up an organization named School Watch to make sure that students have a safe school environment. Please b
2、e part of our plan!What is School Watch?School watch is a volunteer project in our school. It helps us stop violence and improve the quality of school life. It will keep yourself and your schoolmates safe. The other members of School Watch care for you and your classroom and you do the same for them
3、.Is it for everyone?Anybody can become a member of School Watch because everyone has something to offer.What else can it do?School Watch makes it possible for us not only to help each other but also to make friends with each other. Some members may offer to help schoolmates who have problems with th
4、eir homeworkWho is the Best School Watcher?Our school will look for the Best School Watcher and give him or her lots of prizes. You could be the one.How do you start?To be part of this plan, the only thing you need to do is to talk to the director of the plan in your grade. If you want to get more i
5、nformation, check the official website at .1. The members of School Watch are probably _.A. teenagers B. parents C. 2policemen D. directors2. School Watch can help its members _.A. save the environment B. organize sports activities C. improve the quality of school life D. protect the school3. Anyone
6、 can become a member of School Watch because _.A. everyone may have problems B. everyone can give help to othersC. everyone needs to make some friends D. everyone needs help4. if you want to be a member of School Watch , you should _.A. check the website. B. be good at your schoolworkC. talk to the
7、director of the plan in you grade D. call the school5. The best School Watcher will get o lot of prizes from _ every year.A. the school B. the website C. the organization D. the director参考答案 1A 2C 3B 4C 5A B诚实守信Alan, a boy from India went to study in the UK two years ago. He found a parttime job in
8、a restaurant. Many British students also worked there. Their job was washing the dishes. It was an easy job, but the boss said, “You must wash every dish seven times.” At first, Alan was careful. The boss was happy with him. After one month, he found that the boss didnt check very often. He thought
9、there was no difference between five times and seven times. So he just washed five times. He worked very fast. The boss was even happier. One day, a British student asked him why he could wash so fast. Alan told him the secret. The British student was surprised but didnt say anything. A few days lat
10、er he told the boss 3about it. The boss fired(解雇) Alan.Alan went to other restaurants, but all of them said, “Go away! You are not honest. We dont need you.” Alan was sad because he could do nothing.根据上述内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的为“T” ，错误的为“F” 。1. Alan went to study in India two years ago.2. The boss asked Alan
11、 to wash the dishes seven times.3. At first, the boss was happy with Alan.4. The British student didnt say anything to the boss.5. In fact, Alan is very honest.【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自印度的男孩阿兰在一家饭店做兼职工作，因为不诚实被老板解雇的故事。1. F 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：两年前阿兰去印度学习。根据文章第一句“Alan, a boy from India went to study in the UK
12、two years ago.”可知，Alan，一个来自印度的男孩，两年前去英国学习。故判断本题错误。2. T 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：老板让阿兰洗餐具洗七次。根据文中的第一段第五句“.but the boss said， You must wash every dish seven times.”可知，老板要求每个餐具洗七次。故判断本题正确。3. T 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：起初，老板对阿兰很满意。根据文中的“At first, Alan was careful. The boss was happy with him.”可知，老板开始对他满意。故判断本句正确。4. F 【解析】细
13、节理解题。题干意为：那个英国学生对老板什么都没说。根据文中的第一段倒数第二句“A few days later he told the boss about it.”可知，英国学生告诉老板阿兰只刷五次餐具这个秘密。故判断本题错误。5. F 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：事实上，阿兰很诚实。根据文章大意可知，老板让阿兰洗七次餐具，但是阿兰只洗五次，因为他认为老板不检查。故判断阿兰不是一个诚实的男孩，故本题错误。C（2019 年选练-科普环保类）Qi Haoran, a Junior 1 student, was quite busy over the past winter vacation 4
14、and not just with homework. Qi, together with 10 other classmates made a volunteer group to call on people to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign (“光盘行动”).The 11 students went to many restaurants and told people the importance of saving food.“Excuse me, do you know that 950 million people around the
15、world still havent got enough to eat? Please dont waste food.” They would say this kind of thing hundreds of times every day.The Clean Your Plate Campaign began on the Internet in January. It calls on people to reduce food waste.China in these years had serious problems with wasted food. CCTV report
16、ed in January that the food Chinese people waste every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.Chinese people are well known for being hospitable (好客的) and generous（大方的）.Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food.Luckily, the campaign has got the support
17、of many. In a restaurant in Xinjiang, the owner give the guests who have eaten all that they ordered a sticker (贴花).People can enjoy a free meal when they have 10 stickers. More than 750 restaurants in Beijing have begun to offer smaller dishes and encourage their guests to take leftovers (剩饭剩菜) hom
18、e.To reduce food waste is a big task, and it needs time. Its important that everyone does their bit, just like Qi. Did you finish your meals today?根据短文内容，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选择最恰当的答案。1What did the 11 students do in the winter vacation?A. The helped each other with homework.B. They opened a restaurant tog
19、ether.C. They volunteered for a campaign.D. They collected money from customers in restaurants.2In this passage the underlined word “call on ” means _.A.打电话 B.号召 C.拜访 D.叫喊53The Clean Your Plate Campaign calls on people to _.A. do volunteer work B. work part time in restaurantsC. cut down on food was
20、te D. wash your plates after dinner4From Paragraphs 4-5, we learn that _.A. wasting food is a serious problem in ChinaB. Chinese people waste the most food in the worldC. Chinese people want to show off that they are richD. most Chinese people are afraid of losing face at the table5What did the rest
21、aurant in Beijing do to support the campaign?A. The owner would have dinner with those who had eaten up their food.B. It offered a free meal to the guests who had finished all their food ten times.C. It gave stickers to the guests who ordered small dishes.D. It encouraged customers to take leftovers
22、 home.【参考答案】1C 2B 3C 4A 5D【解析】短文大意：这篇短文主要介绍了在一些中国城市兴起的“光盘行动” ，即号召人们吃完盘子中的食物，减少食物浪费的活动。1根据短文第一段描述，可知这个十一个学生义务参加了一项活动。故选 C。2联系下文 to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign (“光盘行动”).描述，可知此处指的是号召人们参加光盘行动。故选 B。3根据短文第三段 It calls on people to reduce food waste.及上下文描述，可知这个活动主要是号召人们减少食物浪费。故选 C。4根据第四段 China in the
23、se years had serious problems with wasted food.及下一段描述，可知这两段主要是说在中国的食物浪费问题非常严重。故选 A。5根据短文倒数第二段 More than 750 restaurants in Beijing have begun to offer smaller dishes and encourage their guests to take leftovers (剩饭剩菜) home.描述，可知这些饭店鼓励人们将剩饭带回家。故选 D。二、语法选择。阅读下面短文，从 115各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出填入空白处的最佳6选项
24、，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house. _1_ together, my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I _2_ lessons from his experiences. He always told me, “You should have goals like climbing the mo
25、untain.” Without the mountains-climbing _3_ we both enjoyed, we couldnt have enough time _4_ together because my father was very busy. I _5_ got a lot from mountain-climbing.Once we climbed a very _5_ mountain. It was so challenging for me _7_ I was only ten years old. During _8_ first few hours of
26、climbing, I enjoyed the flowers and trees, and the birds singing, but as time _9_ , I got a pain in both of my legs , I wanted to give up _10_. In fact, I hated it at the moment, but my father said to me, “You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the _11_ , but you cant see it _12_ you reach
27、 the top. Only there at the top, can you see all of the nice things, just like _13_ life.”At that time, I was too young to understand his words. But _14_ after that, I get new hope and confidence. I found _15_ standing at the top of the sky, which was as clear as crystal(水晶)（ ）1. A. Walking B. Walk
28、C. Walked D. To walk（ ）2. A. was learning B. learn C. would learn D. learned（ ）3. A. that B. what C. who D. how（ ）4. A. spend B. to spend C. spending D. spent（ ）5. A. real B. reality C. really D. realist （ ）6. A. higher B. highly C. highest D. high（ ）7. A. because B. that C. although D. but（ ）8. A.
29、a B. an C. the D. / （ ）9. A. pass B. passed C. passes D. has passed（ ）10. A. climb B. to climb C. climbing D. to climbing7（ ）11. A. mountains B. mountain C. a mountain D. the mountain（ ）12. A. after B. if C. when D. before（ ）13. A. in B. at C. for D. with（ ）14. A. late B. later C. latest D. lately （
30、 ）15. A. I B. mine C. myself D. my参考答案 15 ADABC 610 DACBC 1115 BDABC三、短文首字母填空。根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。 （每空一词）Three rich ladies met every day by the river. They sat there and talked the w 1 day. Once, they quarrelled. One of them said, “Look, how white and beautiful my hands are!“ A 2 one said, “
31、My hands are more beautiful.“ The third one said. “ Mine a 3 the most beautiful.“ Just then, an old woman beggar（乞丐） came up to them. “Beautiful ladies,“ she said, “Im old and cant work. Im hungry. Please give me something to eat.“But the t 4 ladies gave her nothing. They only asked her to tell them
32、 who h 5 the most beautiful hands.A peasant woman (农妇) was also sitting by the river. She was poor and her hands were rough（粗糙） because of h 6 work. The old woman beggar came up to her and said, “Im hungry. Please give me something to eat.“ The peasant woman took out her only cake she had and gave t
33、he beggar a h 7 .The old woman beggar ate it and drank some water. Then she took the peasant woman by the hand, brought her b 8 the rich ladies and said, “Now, I shall tell you whose hands are the most beautiful. The hands of the poor peasant woman are rough because of work, but they give us food; they are m 9 more beautiful than your hands which have never d 10 anything.“【参考答案】1、whole 2、Another 3、are 4、three 5、had6、hard 7、half 8、before 9、much 10、done8
