1、12019 中考英语阅读、首字母、短文语法选择精享新选（7）一、阅读理解。A（2019 中考科普环保类选练）Every year when the Italian artist Michelangelos (14751564) birthday comes around, computer users all over the world are filled with fear（恐惧） and use their computers with care. Some may even choose not to turn on their computers on March 3rd. All
2、 this fear and care are just because a deadly computer virus is expected to cause damages（伤害）on that day. Whats a computer virus then? Why do people get so afraid of it?A computer virus is, in fact, a little program that is put into other programs and that does something bad. It is called a virus be
3、cause, like any real life viruses such as AIDS virus, it reproduces (繁殖) itself. And when these programs are run, the virus is brought to life. It hides itself in your computer system waiting for the right moment to make damages. And at the same time it keeps producing itself by copying itself onto
4、other programs. The Michelangelo virus waits until the artists birthday comes around, and then it will wake up to do very bad things like destroying you files.（文件）So next time when you turn on your computer, look out for computer viruses!1. A computer virus is a kind of .A. famous persons birthday B
5、. deadly diseaseC. unsafe game D. dangerous program2. Computer users fear viruses because A. they can bring users bad luck B. they can cause damages to the usersC. they may do great harm to computers D. they can change the programs in all computers 3. It seemed that . A. a computer virus will appear
6、 each time you turn on your computer2B. a computer virus is given to the computer by an Italian artist C. a computer virus will appear at the right time D. a computer virus can never be got rid of by human beings4. From the passage we know .A. many people fear computers because of the virusesB. a co
7、mputer virus is just the same as a real life virus.C. Michelangelo was born on March 3rdD. the artist Michelangelo was a bad person5. In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that we should A. look for computer viruses B. wait for the artists birthday to comeC. be careful of computer viruses D. no
8、t turn on our computers参考答案 DCCCC BHave you ever thought about making a bicycle that you dream of? Some creative people have invented some special bicycles. Here are three of them.BambikesBambikes are produced in a company in Philippines. They are made of an unusual kind of bamboo and other material
9、s like metal and a local plant. They are very strong. And they are a perfect combination(结合) of the greenest building material and common bicycles. By making bambikes, the company offers jobs to the local people. Besides, it provides money for some students in its community to pay for their study. T
10、o continue the production, the company plants more bamboo than it cuts.The heaviest bicycleA German cycling lover, Frank Dose, has recently made the worlds heaviest bicycle with big old wheels and lots of other waste materials. He created it just because of a bet(打赌) he made with his friend. The bic
11、ycle weighed 31.08 tons. It broke the world record of its kind in weight. Frank said his bicycle was surprisingly easy to ride although it had a huge size and weighed a lot. He rode it in front of 5，000 people for over 100 meters to prove it.Twisted(变形的) bicyclesTwo brothers in France created a bike
12、 that looks strange to ride and twists in the middle. Riders can make tight turns(急转弯). The brothers say the bicycle is hard to ride so it can stop people from stealing it. In fact, it isnt as hard to control as you may think. It takes a day or two to get used to the crazy way of riding. Its amazing
13、. So far, there have been 30 of the bicycle, but they are not for sale yet.根据上述内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的为“T” ，错误的为“F” 。1. Frank built the worlds heaviest bicycle with the materials that his friend bought for him.2. Some students in the community can get money from the bambike company to pay for their study.3.
14、 Bambikes are made of a special kind of bamboo and other materials.4. The two brothers rode their bikes in front of some people to show how to use them.5. 30 twisted bicycles were made and sold out.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种特制的自行车。第一种车是由菲律宾一家公司使用竹子和其他一些材料结合而制成，但是它们非常坚固；第二种车是由德国一名骑车爱好者使用大型废旧车轮和其他废料制作而成，是
15、世界上最重的自行车；第三种车是由法国的两兄弟制成，他们把车的中间部分弄弯，让一般人骑不了这种自行车，防止自行车被人偷盗。这些奇妙的自行车，展示了人们非凡的创造性思维和动手能力。1. F 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：弗兰克用他朋友给他买的材料制造了世界上最重的自行车。从“The heaviest bicycle”一栏中的第一句“A German cycling lover, Frank Dose, has recently made the worlds heaviest bicycle with big old wheels and lots of other waste materials
16、.”可知，一位德国自行车爱好者弗兰克，最近用大的旧车轮和很4多废料制造了世界上最重的自行车。故本题描述错误。2. T 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：社区中的一些学生可以从竹子自行车公司拿到钱来支付他们的学习费用。从“Bambikes”一栏中的第六句“Besides, it provides money for some students in its community to pay for their study.”可知，此外，它还为社区里的一些学生支付学费。故本题描述正确。3. T 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：竹子自行车是用一种特殊竹子和其他材料而成的。从“Bambikes”一栏中的第二
17、句“They are made of an unusual kind of bamboo and other materials like metal and a local plant.”可知，它们是由一种不寻常的竹子和其他材料制成的，比如金属和当地的一种植物。故本题描述正确。4. F 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：两兄弟在一些人面前骑他们的自行车来展示怎样使用它们。从“Twisted(变形的) bicycles”一栏中的第三句“The brothers say the bicycle is hard to ride so it can stop people from stealing i
18、t.”可知，两兄弟说这辆自行车很难骑，所以可以防止人们偷它。所以他们演示的是这辆自行车很难骑，以便让其他人望而生畏。也可从“The heaviest bicycle”一栏中的最后两句“Frank said his bicycle was surprisingly easy to ride although it had a huge size and weighed a lot.He rode it in front of 5，000 people for over 100 meters to prove it.”可知，弗兰克说他的自行车特别容易骑，虽然它尺寸很大并且非常重，而且他在五千人面前
19、骑了100 米向人们证明了这点。因此，在别人面前骑车是弗兰克做的而不是两兄弟做的。故本题描述错误。5. F 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：三十辆变形自行车被制造出来卖掉。从“Twisted(变形的) bicycles”一栏中的最后一句“So far, there have been 30 of the bicycle, but they are not for sale yet.”可知，到目前为止，已有三十辆这样的自行车，但是它们不用于销售。故本题描述错误。C（2019 年选练-科普环保类）In nature, you may see many insects (昆虫）and animals
20、of different colors. Have you ever wondered why?Locusts are super delicious food for birds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch them. It is neither because locusts are good jumpers or 5runners nor because they are smarter than their enemies. The reason is that the colors of locusts c
21、hange with the colors of crops(庄稼). When crops are young, locusts look green. But when autumn comes, locusts change to the yellow and brown color as crops do.Brown bears, tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They cant be seen easily by their enemies. This is because they have color
22、s similar to the trees. For the same reason, polar bears that live on a land of snow and ice are white. Butterflies and bees living among the flowers are colorful like flowers. Soil insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil(土壤） in a dark and wet environment. However, insects with
23、colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive, they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.Have you ever noticed some even stranger acts? The ink fish in the sea can send out some very black ink when it faces danger. As the ink
24、spreads over , its enemies will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same time the ink fish immediately swims away. That is how it keeps itself safe though it is not strong at all.1It is not easy for birds to catch locusts because_.A .locusts are good runners B. locusts can jump very hig
25、hC. locusts are smarter than birds D. locusts can change their color2According to the passage, most soil insects_A. do not have bright colorsB. change their colors with the soilC. do not live in a dark and wet environmentD. Eat colorful insects like butterflies and bees3Whats the meaning of the unde
26、rlined word”survive” in the passage?A. 繁殖 B. 产卵 C. 觅食 D. 生存4The ink fish _so that its enemies will not see it?A. changes its color B. makes the water around it black6C. appears only at night D. hides itself in the sea rocks5What is the main idea of this passage?A. Some insects and animals have diffe
27、rent skills.B. Some insects and animals are clever than we think.C. Some insects and animals use colors to protect themselves.D. Some insects and animals can get used to the environment easily.【参考答案】1D 2A 3D 4B 5C【解析】短文大意：这篇短文中作者主要介绍了一些动物如何利用颜色来保护自己的方式。1根据第二段 Locusts are super delicious food for bir
28、ds, but it is not always an easy job for birds to catch theme reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops(庄稼). 及下文描述,可知鸟类不易捉住昆虫是因为他们能够随着庄稼而改变他们自身的颜色.故选 D.2根据第三段 Soil insects are mostly dark-colored and they live under the soil(土壤） in a dark and wet environment.描述，可知生活在土壤里面的昆
29、虫没有明亮的颜色。故选 A。3联系下文 they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.描述，可知此处指的是为了生存。故选 D。4根据短文最后一段描述，可知墨鱼能够能够喷出一种墨水，让它周围水的颜色变黑来保护自己。故选 B。5这篇主要介绍了一些动物依靠自身颜色来保护自己的生存方式。故选 C。二、语法选择。阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从 1-15 各题所给的A、B、C、D 项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Last summer holidays, my classmate
30、s and I helped with a charity show. Its aim was to raise money for those children _1_ couldnt go to school in poor areas. It was very meaningful for us to do it.7We did a lot for that. I felt happy when I _2_ to be the host. Though it was exciting, I was _3_ nervous because of the TV cameras that I
31、couldnt sleep all night. I knew that lots of people _4_ to watch the show, also there would be a large audience in _5_ front of the TV. As a few famous stars would come to the show, one of my duties _6_ to introduce each of them. I also had some _7_ things to do. So I often worked _8_ morning to nig
32、ht. It was hard work, _9_ I was happy. I practiced a lot before the show. I had to remember all the words and do _10_ right at the same time. At first, I thought I would never be able to do it better. I kept _11_ myself not to be nervous.Slowly everything became easier. The big day came very fast. _
33、12_ people came to the show. They donated money and materials. And the local business also gave _13_ a lot of support. How generous they are! After the show, we sent the donations to those poor children. Soon they wrote back. They were really grateful to us. I was very proud _14_ I could help them.
34、I hope_15_ people will always help them.1. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 2. A. choose B. chose C. am chosen D. was chosen 3. A. very B. so C. too D. such 4. A. come B. will come C. coming D. would come 5. A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. A. is B. was C. are D. were 7. A. other B. others C. the other D.
35、another 8. A. from B. in C. at D. on 9. A. or B. but C. and D. so 10. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 11. A. tell B. telling C. told D. to tell 12. A. Hundred B. Hundreds of C . Hundred of D. Two hundreds of 813. A. we B. us C. our D. ourselves 14. A.of B. which C. what D. that15 .
36、 A. many and many B. more and many C. more and more D. much and much参考答案 15 CDBDC 610 BAABD 1115 BBBDC三、短文首字母填空。在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。Good health is the most valuable thing a person can have. It is important to remember that the body needs proper c 1 in order to be healthy. There are th
37、ree things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.Proper nutrition (营养) is important for good health. Your body cannot work well if it doesnt receive the proper kind of “fuel“. Dont eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Eat p
38、lenty of foods which are h 2 in protein(蛋白质), like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they p 3 necessary vitamins and minerals (矿物质) . However, dont eat too much. It is not helpful to be overweight.Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you
39、dont get enough sleep, you will feel tired and get angry e 4 . You will have no energy. So, be sure to have seven to nine h 5 of sleep each night. It you do, your body will feel strong.F 6 get plenty of exercise. Exercise makes the body strong and prevents you from putting on weight. It also improve
40、s your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably i 7 your life-span (寿命) 1 Doing exercises is not only good for your body, but it is fun and enjoyable, too.If you eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, you will all live to be much older and wiser.【参考答案】91. care 2. high 3. provide 4、 easily 5. hours 6. Finally 7. increase
