1、NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 60193 Deuximedition Secondedition 199911 Turbineshydrauliques,pompesdaccumulation etpompesturbines Essaisderceptionsurmodle Hydraulicturbines,storagepumps andpumpturbines Modelacceptancetests Numroderfrence Referencenumber CEI/IEC60193:1999Numrosde
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12、ximedition Secondedition 199911 Turbineshydrauliques,pompesdaccumulation etpompesturbines Essaisderceptionsurmodle Hydraulicturbines,storagepumps andpumpturbines Modelacceptancetests Commission Electrotechnique Internationale InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission Pourprix,voircatalogueenvigueur Fo
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15、ECODE XL- 2 - 60193CEI:1999 SOMMAIRE Pages AVANTPROPOS . 10 Articles 1 Rglesgnrales . 12 1.1 Domainedapplicationetobjet. 12 1.1.1 Domainedapplication . 12 1.1.2 Objet. 12 1.2 Rfrencesnormatives . 14 1.3 Terminologie,dfinitions,symbolesetunits. 16 1.3.1 Gnralits . 16 1.3.2 Units . 18 1.3.3 Listedeste
16、rmes,dfinitions,symbolesetunits 20 1.4 Natureettenduedesgarantiesrelativesaufonctionnementhydraulique 58 1.4.1 Gnralits . 58 1.4.2 Garantiesprincipalesdeperformanceshydrauliquesvrifiables parunessaisurmodle . 60 1.4.3 Garantiesnonvrifiablespardesessaissurmodle 66 1.4.4 Donnescomplmentairesdefonction
17、nement. 66 2 Excutiondesessais 68 2.1 Exigencesimposeslinstallationdessaisetaumodle . 68 2.1.1 Choixdulaboratoire 68 2.1.2 Installationdessais . 68 2.1.3 Exigencesconcernantlemodle . 70 2.2 Contrledimensionneldumodleetduprototype 74 2.2.1 Gnralits . 74 2.2.2 Dimensionscontrlersurlemodleetleprototype
18、 . 94 2.2.3 Ondulationetrugositdesurface .110 2.3 Similitudehydraulique,conditionsdessaietmodalitsdexcutiondesessais118 2.3.1 Similitudehydraulique 118 2.3.2 Conditionsdessai 132 2.3.3 Modalitsdexcutiondesessais138 2.4 Introductionauxmthodesdemesure 160 2.4.1 Mesuresliesauxgarantiesprincipalesdeperf
19、ormanceshydrauliques 160 2.4.2 Mesuresliesdesdonnescomplmentaires 164 2.4.3 Acquisitionettraitementdesdonnes.164 2.5 Propritsphysiques164 2.5.1 Gnralits 164 2.5.2 Acclrationduelapesanteur164 2.5.3 Propritsphysiquesdeleau .166 2.5.4 Propritsphysiquesdelatmosphre.176 2.5.5 Massevolumiquedumercure .178
20、60193IEC:1999 3 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD 11 Clause 1 Generalrules . 13 1.1 Scopeandobject 13 1.1.1 Scope 13 1.1.2 Object 13 1.2 Normativereferences 15 1.3 Terms,definitions,symbolsandunits 17 1.3.1 General . 17 1.3.2 Units . 19 1.3.3 Listofterms,definitions,symbolsandunits . 21 1.4 Natureandextentofgu
21、aranteesrelatedtohydraulicperformance. 59 1.4.1 General . 59 1.4.2 Mainhydraulicperformanceguaranteesverifiablebymodeltest 61 1.4.3 Guaranteesnotverifiablebymodeltest . 67 1.4.4 Additionalperformancedata 67 2 Executionoftests 69 2.1 Requirementsoftestinstallationandmodel. 69 2.1.1 Choiceoflaboratory
22、 69 2.1.2 Testinstallation. 69 2.1.3 Modelrequirements. 71 2.2 Dimensionalcheckofmodelandprototype 75 2.2.1 General. 75 2.2.2 Dimensionsofmodelandprototypetobechecked. 95 2.2.3 Surfacewavinessandroughness111 2.3 Hydraulicsimilitude,testconditionsandtestprocedures.119 2.3.1 Hydraulicsimilitude 119 2.
23、3.2 Testconditions.133 2.3.3 Testprocedures .139 2.4 Introductiontothemethodsofmeasurement 161 2.4.1 Measurementsrelatedtothemainhydraulicperformanceguarantees.161 2.4.2 Measurementsrelatedtoadditionaldata.165 2.4.3 Acquisitionandprocessingofdata .165 2.5 Physicalproperties.165 2.5.1 General165 2.5.
24、2 Accelerationduetogravity .165 2.5.3 Physicalpropertiesofwater167 2.5.4 Physicalconditionsofatmosphere177 2.5.5 Densityofmercury .179- 4 - 60193CEI:1999 Articles Pages 3 Performanceshydrauliquesprincipales:mthodesdemesurageetrsultats180 3.1 Acquisitionettraitementdesdonnes 180 3.1.1 Introductionetd
25、finitions .180 3.1.2 Spcificationsgnrales.180 3.1.3 Acquisitiondesdonnes.184 3.1.4 Spcificationdescomposants 186 3.1.5 Contrledusystmedacquisitiondesdonnes 192 3.2 Mesuragedudbit .196 3.2.1 Gnralits 196 3.2.2 Mthodesprimaires200 3.2.3 Mthodessecondaires208 3.3 Mesuragedelapression 214 3.3.1 Gnralits
26、 214 3.3.2 Choixdelasectiondemesuredelapression .214 3.3.3 Prisesdepressionettuyauteriesdeliaison 216 3.3.4 Appareillagedemesuredelapression .222 3.3.5 Etalonnagedesappareilsdemesuredepression .236 3.3.6 Mesuresdevide.236 3.3.7 Incertitudesurlesmesuresdepression238 3.4 Mesurageduniveaulibre 238 3.4.
27、1 Gnralits 238 3.4.2 Choixdessectionsdemesurageduniveaulibre.238 3.4.3 Nombredespointsdemesuragedansunesection .238 3.4.4 Appareillagedemesure240 3.4.5 Incertitudessurlesmesuresdeniveaulibre .244 3.5 DterminationdeEetNPSE 244 3.5.1 Gnralits 244 3.5.2 DterminationdelnergiehydrauliquemassiqueE 246 3.5
28、3 FormulessimplifiespourE .250 3.5.4 DterminationdelnergiemassiquenettelaspirationNPSE .260 3.6 Mesurageducouplesurlarbre 270 3.6.1 Gnralits 270 3.6.2 Mthodesdemesurageducouple 270 3.6.3 Mthodespourabsorberoufournirlapuissance.272 3.6.4 Schmasdemontage.272 3.6.5 Contrledusystme.282 3.6.6 Etalonnage
29、282 3.6.7 Incertitudesurlamesureducouple 284 3.7 Mesuragedelavitessederotation .286 3.7.1 Gnralits 286 3.7.2 Mthodesdemesuragedelavitesse286 3.7.3 Contrle.286 3.7.4 Incertitudedemesure.28860193IEC:1999 5 Clause Page 3 Mainhydraulicperformances:methodsofmeasurementandresults181 3.1 Dataacquisitionan
30、ddataprocessing .181 3.1.1 Introductionanddefinitions.181 3.1.2 Generalrequirements.181 3.1.3 Dataacquisition .185 3.1.4 Componentrequirements .187 3.1.5 Checkofthedataacquisitionsystem193 3.2 Dischargemeasurement 197 3.2.1 General197 3.2.2 Primarymethods 201 3.2.3 Secondarymethods209 3.3 Pressureme
31、asurement 215 3.3.1 General215 3.3.2 Choiceofpressuremeasuringsection215 3.3.3 Pressuretapsandconnectinglines 217 3.3.4 Apparatusforpressuremeasurement.223 3.3.5 Calibrationofpressuremeasurementapparatus .237 3.3.6 Vacuummeasurements237 3.3.7 Uncertaintyinpressuremeasurements.239 3.4 Freewaterlevelm
32、easurement 239 3.4.1 General239 3.4.2 Choiceofwaterlevelmeasuringsections .239 3.4.3 Numberofmeasuringpointsinameasuringsection .239 3.4.4 Measuringapparatus241 3.4.5 Uncertaintyinfreewaterlevelmeasurement.245 3.5 DeterminationofEandNPSE 245 3.5.1 General245 3.5.2 Determinationofthespecifichydraulic
33、energyE.247 3.5.3 SimplifiedformulaeforE 251 3.5.4 DeterminationofthenetpositivesuctionspecificenergyNPSE 261 3.6 Shafttorquemeasurement .271 3.6.1 General271 3.6.2 Methodsoftorquemeasurement 271 3.6.3 Methodsofabsorbing/generatingpower273 3.6.4 Layoutofarrangement .273 3.6.5 Checkingofsystem 283 3.
34、6.6 Calibration283 3.6.7 Uncertaintyintorquemeasurement 285 3.7 Rotationalspeedmeasurement 287 3.7.1 General287 3.7.2 Methodsofspeedmeasurement.287 3.7.3 Checking287 3.7.4 Uncertaintyofmeasurement.289- 6 - 60193CEI:1999 Articles Pages 3.8 Calculdesrsultatsdessai288 3.8.1 Gnralits 288 3.8.2 Calculdel
35、apuissance,dudbitetdurendementdansledomaine garanti .298 3.8.3 Calculdelavitesseetdudbitdemballementstabilis 328 3.9 Analysedeserreurs .336 3.9.1 Principesdebase(voirISO5168) 336 3.9.2 Dterminationdesincertitudeslorsdesessaissurmodle340 3.10 Comparaisonauxgaranties350 3.10.1 Gnralits 350 3.10.2 Cour
36、bedinterpolationetbandedincertitudetotale .352 3.10.3 Puissance,dbitet/ounergiehydrauliquemassiqueetrendement dansledomainegaranti .354 3.10.4 Vitesseetdbitdemballement .362 3.10.5 Garantiesdecavitation.362 4 DonnescomplmentairesdefonctionnementMthodesdemesurageetrsultats .366 4.1 Introductionaumesu
37、ragedesdonnescomplmentaires .366 4.1.1 Gnralits 366 4.1.2 Conditionsdessaietmodeopratoire 368 4.1.3 Incertitudedemesure.368 4.1.4 Transpositiondumodleauprototype 368 4.2 Acquisitionettraitementdesdonnespourlemesuragedesgrandeurs fluctuantes .370 4.2.1 Gnralits 370 4.2.2 Acquisitiondesdonnes.372 4.2.
38、3 Traitementdesdonnes.376 4.3 Fluctuationsdepression 378 4.3.1 Gnralits 378 4.3.2 Recommandationsparticulirespourlemodleetlinstallation .386 4.3.3 Instrumentationettalonnage 388 4.3.4 Dtailsdeprocdure 390 4.3.5 Mesures.396 4.3.6 Analyse,prsentationetinterprtationdesrsultats .396 4.3.7 Transpositiona
39、uprototype .402 4.3.8 Incertitude408 4.4 Fluctuationsdecouplesurlarbre.410 4.4.1 Gnralits 410 4.4.2 Recommandationspourlesmesures 410 4.4.3 Analysedesrsultatsdessaissurmodle410 4.4.4 Transpositionauprototype .410 4.5 Poussesaxialeetradiale412 4.5.1 Gnralits 412 4.5.2 Pousseaxiale.414 4.5.3 Pousserad
40、iale .42460193IEC:1999 7 Clause Page 3.8 Computationoftestresults.289 3.8.1 General289 3.8.2 Computationofpower,dischargeandefficiencyintheguaranteerange299 3.8.3 Computationofsteadystaterunawayspeedanddischarge 329 3.9 Erroranalysis.337 3.9.1 Basicprinciples(seeISO5168)337 3.9.2 Determinationofunce
41、rtaintiesinmodeltests341 3.10 Comparisonwithguarantees 351 3.10.1 General351 3.10.2 Interpolationcurveandtotaluncertaintybandwidth .353 3.10.3 Power,dischargeand/orspecifichydraulicenergyandefficiencyinthe guaranteerange.355 3.10.4 Runawayspeedanddischarge .363 3.10.5 Cavitationguarantees.363 4 Addi
42、tionalperformancedataMethodsofmeasurementandresults .367 4.1 Introductiontoadditionaldatameasurement.367 4.1.1 General367 4.1.2 Testconditionsandtestprocedures .369 4.1.3 Uncertaintyinmeasurements .369 4.1.4 Modeltoprototypeconversion 369 4.2 Dataacquisitionandprocessingformeasurementoffluctuatingqu
43、antities .371 4.2.1 General371 4.2.2 Dataacquisition .373 4.2.3 Dataprocessing .377 4.3 Pressurefluctuations379 4.3.1 General379 4.3.2 Specialrequirementsformodelandinstallation 387 4.3.3 Instrumentationandcalibration.389 4.3.4 Detailedprocedures .391 4.3.5 Measurement .397 4.3.6 Analysis,presentati
44、onandinterpretationofresults .397 4.3.7 Transpositiontoprototype 403 4.3.8 Uncertainties409 4.4 Shafttorquefluctuations 411 4.4.1 General411 4.4.2 Recommendationsformeasurement 411 4.4.3 Analysisofmodeltestresults .411 4.4.4 Transpositiontoprototype 411 4.5 Axialandradialthrust.413 4.5.1 General413 4.5.2 Axialthrust.415 4.5.3 Radialthrust.425- 8 - 60193CEI:1999 Articles Pages 4.6 Effortshydrauliquessurlesorganesde
