1、 IEC TS 62257-4 Edition 2.0 2015-12 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Recommendations for renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 4: System selection and design IEC TS 62257-4:2015-12(en) THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2015 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights rese
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11、 rural electrification Part 4: System selection and design INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-3071-8 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. 2 IEC TS
12、62257-4:2015 IEC 2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 6 INTRODUCTION . 8 1 Scope 9 2 Normative references 9 3 Terms and definitions 9 4 Functional requirements of production and distribution subsystems . 10 4.1 General . 10 4.2 Overall needs to be satisfied . 11 4.2.1 Main factors to be considered 11 4.2.2 Need
13、s and characteristics to be considered . 11 4.3 Introduction to subsystems . 14 4.4 Functional description of a production subsystem . 15 4.4.1 General . 15 4.4.2 Detailed functions to be achieved by a production subsystem 15 4.4.3 Detailed performances criteria to be achieved by a production subsys
14、tem . 16 4.5 Functional description of a distribution subsystem 16 4.5.1 Detailed functions to be achieved by a distribution subsystem (or rural micro-grid) . 16 4.5.2 Detailed performances criteria to be achieved by a distribution subsystem . 17 4.6 Functional description of a demand subsystem . 18
15、 4.7 Constraints to be complied with by production distribution and demand subsystems . 18 5 Energy management rules . 19 5.1 General . 19 5.2 Functional description for an energy management of an isolated system 20 5.3 Demand side management 21 6 Expected results from the sizing process . 21 6.1 Ov
16、erview. 21 6.2 Participants in the sizing process 21 6.3 Elements for comparing various design proposals . 21 6.4 Frameworks for proposal. 22 6.4.1 General . 22 6.4.2 General commitments to supply . 22 6.4.3 Assumptions and classification of input 24 6.4.4 Technical characteristics for the main equi
17、pment proposed . 28 6.4.5 Characteristics for a photovoltaic array 29 6.4.6 Characteristics for wind turbines 30 6.4.7 Characteristics for the generator set 31 6.4.8 Characteristics for micro hydro turbines . 32 6.4.9 Characteristics for biomass generators 33 6.4.10 Characteristics for power convert
18、ers 33 6.4.11 Characteristics for the load manager/meter 35 6.4.12 Characteristics for system controllers 35 6.4.13 Characteristics for batteries . 36 IEC TS 62257-4:2015 IEC 2015 3 6.4.14 Characteristics for links and wiring 37 6.4.15 Energy outputs 37 6.4.16 Presentation of the costs . 38 6.4.17 D
19、esign warranty . 38 6.4.18 Steps to reduce the impact of climatic hazards on system performance . 39 6.4.19 Presentation of the environmental and social impact 39 6.4.20 Presentation of the socio- economic impact assessment 39 6.5 Proposal for a sizing process 39 6.6 Impact of design assumptions on
20、system sizing and cost 39 6.7 Guarantee of results . 41 7 Data acquisition rules for system management 41 7.1 Overview. 41 7.2 General . 41 7.3 Levels of data acquisition and data necessity 42 7.3.1 General . 42 7.3.2 Information to provide to the energy manager and relevant data to be collected 42
21、7.3.3 Information to provide to the operator and relevant data to be collected 44 7.3.4 Information to provide to the user and relevant data to be collected . 45 7.3.5 Summary of the information required . 46 7.3.6 Scientific data collection 46 7.4 Data to be collected 46 7.5 Operating conditions, e
22、lectrical and engineering requirements for data acquisition 48 Annex A (informative) Example for detailed performance criteria and levels for a production subsystem . 49 Annex B (informative) Example for detailed performance criteria and levels for a distribution subsystem 50 Annex C (informative) E
23、xample framework for proposal specification . 51 C.1 Knowledge of site . 51 C.2 Knowledge of consumption data 51 C.3 Knowledge of resources 52 C.4 Technical characteristics for the main equipment proposed . 53 C.4.1 Photovoltaic modules . 53 C.4.2 Modules supporting structure . 53 C.5 Characteristic
24、s for wind turbines . 53 C.5.1 Wind turbine 53 C.5.2 Structure support . 54 C.6 Characteristics for the generator set . 54 C.7 Characteristics for micro hydro turbine 55 C.8 Characteristics for biomass generators . 55 C.9 Characteristics for power converters . 55 C.10 Characteristics for load manage
25、r/meter . 56 C.11 Characteristics for system controllers . 57 C.12 Characteristics for battery . 57 C.13 Energy outputs 58 C.13.1 From renewable energies 58 C.13.2 From fossil energies 58 Annex D (informative) Formula for costs calculations . 59 4 IEC TS 62257-4:2015 IEC 2015 D.1 Yearly cash flow 59
26、 D.2 Calculation of total life cycle cost 59 D.3 Calculation of the levelized cost of energy 60 D.4 Annualized maintenance, operating, and replacement expense. 60 D.5 Further economic calculations applicable to energy businesses 61 Annex E (informative) Proposal for a sizing process 63 E.1 General .
27、 63 E.2 Comments on the proposed sizing process . 64 E.2.1 General . 64 E.2.2 Step 01: Definition of power requirements to be fulfilled 65 E.2.3 Step 02: Conversion of available weather data into relevant data 66 E.2.4 Step 03: Statement of economic data to be accounted for 67 E.2.5 Step 04: Invento
28、ry of the constraints to account for . 67 E.2.6 Step 05: Management assumptions . 68 E.2.7 Step 06: Technical choices 69 E.2.8 Step 07: Calculations . 70 E.2.9 Step 08: Analysis of the results 70 E.2.10 Step 09: Examination of the opportunity of other choices . 71 E.2.11 Step 10: Change in technical
29、 choices 71 E.2.12 Step 11: Definition of desired equipment characteristics 71 E.2.13 Step 12: Identification of existing/available equipment complying with the characteristics . 71 E.2.14 Step 13: New calculations 71 E.2.15 Step 14: Analysis of the results 71 E.2.16 Step 15: Examining the opportuni
30、ty of other choices 71 E.2.17 Step 16: New choices of equipment . 71 E.2.18 Step 17: Technical characteristics for the finally chosen equipment . 72 E.2.19 Step 18: Forwarding the results to the project implementer 72 E.2.20 Step 19: Modification of the input data . 72 Figure 1 Factors involved in t
31、he design of a system . 11 Figure 2 Functional diagram of a radial structure for rural micro-grid 18 Figure 3 Functional impact of energy management and safety . 19 Figure E.1 Sizing process flow chart 64 Table 1 Technical factors needs or characteristics to be considered . 12 Table 2 Economic facto
32、rs needs and characteristics to be considered 12 Table 3 Site characteristics 13 Table 4 Regulations and requirements to be considered 14 Table 5 Participants in the sizing process 21 Table 6 Perspectives to be considered . 23 Table 7 Commitments indicators 24 Table 8 Knowledge of site 25 Table 9 Kn
33、owledge of consumption data 26 Table 10 Knowledge of resources: data accuracy levels 26 Table 11 Knowledge of resources: data retained for considered site 28 Table 12 Knowledge of resources: range of data history 28 IEC TS 62257-4:2015 IEC 2015 5 Table 13 Characteristics for photovoltaic modules . 2
34、9 Table 14 Characteristics for modules supporting structure . 29 Table 15 Characteristics for the wind turbine . 30 Table 16 Characteristics for wind turbine structure . 30 Table 17 Characteristics for the generator set 31 Table 18 Characteristics for micro hydro turbines 32 Table 19 Characteristics
35、 for biomass generators 33 Table 20 Characteristics for power converters . 34 Table 21 Characteristics for load manager/meter . 35 Table 22 Characteristics for system controllers 36 Table 23 Characteristics for batteries . 36 Table 24 Characteristics for links and wiring 37 Table 25 Energy output fr
36、om renewable energies. 37 Table 26 Energy output from fossil energies 37 Table 27 Energy output from storage . 38 Table 28 Incidence of energy management assumptions on system sizing . 40 Table 29 Incidence of cost management assumptions on system dimensions 41 Table 30 Information required by the e
37、nergy manager and data to collect 43 Table 31 Information required by the operator and data to collect 45 Table 32 Information required by the user and data to collect 45 Table 33 Summary of the needed information 46 Table 34 Minimum set of data to be collected 47 Table 35 Relationship between requi
38、red information and system architecture 48 Table A.1 Detailed performance criteria and levels for a production subsystem 49 Table A.2 Typical example of Table A.1 . 49 Table B.1 Detailed performance criteria and levels for a distribution subsystem . 50 Table B.2 Typical example of Table B.2 . 50 Tab
39、le E.1 Description of utilities to be power supplied . 65 Table E.2 Consumption characteristics 66 Table E.3 Meteorological data used for sizing 66 Table E.4 Proposals for types of cost to be accounted for 67 Table E.5 Site constraints inventory . 67 Table E.6 Impact of energy management assumptions
40、 on plant sizing . 68 Table E.7 Impact of cost management assumptions on plant sizing . 69 6 IEC TS 62257-4:2015 IEC 2015 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY AND HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Part 4: System selection and design FOREWORD 1) The
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