1、 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2003 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America.Print:ISBN 0-7381-3643-3 SH95118PDF:ISBN 0-7381-3644-1 SS95
2、118No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.ANSI C57.12.50-1981(R1998)American National Standard Requirements for Ventilated Dry-Type Distribution Transformers, 1 to 500 kVA, Singl
3、e-Phase, and 15 to 500 kVA, Three-Phase, with High-Voltage 601 to 34 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 120 to 600 VoltsApproved 8/15/80American National Standards Institute, Inc.iiAmerican National StandardApproval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due pro
4、cess,consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement hasbeen reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more th
5、an a simplemajority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that aconcerted effort be made toward their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect precludeanyone, wheth
6、er he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products,processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give aninterpretation of any American Natio
7、nal Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requestsfor interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page
8、of thisstandard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures ofthe American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw thisstandard. Purchasers of American National Standards may r
9、eceive current information on all standards by calling orwriting the American National Standards Institute.iiiForeword(This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard Requirements for Ventilated Dry-Type Distribution Transformers, 1 to500 kVA, Single-Phase, and 15 to 500 kVA, Three-Phase,
10、with High-Voltage 601 to 34 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 120 to 600 Volts,ANSI C57.12.50-1981.)This new dry-type transformer standard describes ventilated dry-type transformers with self-cooled kVA ratings 1500, and high voltages 240034 500 volts. (Forced-air-cooled ratings for certain sizes are listed in
11、 Part Il.) It is alsoapplicable from 6012400 volts, but not for high voltages 600 volts and below, since American National StandardsCommittee C89 on Specialty Transformers has responsibility for transformers with high voltages 600 volts and below.This standard is part of a new series of standards fo
12、r dry-type transformers that also includes American NationalStandard General Requirements for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers, ANSI/IEEE C57.12.01-1979;American National Standard Test Code for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers, ANSI/IEEE C57.12.91-1979; American National Stan
13、dard Requirements for Ventilated Dry-Type Power Transformers, 501 kVA and Larger,Three-Phase, with High Voltage 60134 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 208Y/120 to 4160 Volts, ANSI C57.12.51-1981; andAmerican National Standard Requirements for Sealed Dry-Type Power Transformers, 501 kVA and Larger, Three-Phase
14、, with High-Voltage 60134 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 208Y/120 to 4160 Volts, ANSI C57.12.52-1981. Dry-type transformers have been covered in the past by a variety of documents, including American National StandardGeneral Requirements for Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers, ANSI C57.12.00-1
15、973; AmericanNational Standard Test Code for Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers, ANSI C57.12.90-1973; AmericanNational Standard Dry-Type Transformers for General Applications, ANSI/NEMA ST 20-1972; and Commercial,Institutional, and Industrial Dry-Type Transformers, NEMA TR 27-1965 (R19
16、76). The new standards are the result ofan effort encompassing the interests of users, manufacturers, and others dedicated to developing voluntary consensusstandards primarily for dry-type transformers. They have various significant changes, including higher BILs (for mostvoltages), more stringent a
17、nd meaningful short-circuit requirements, improved descriptions of “usual” and “unusual”service conditions, and numerous other improvements. The new standards should be easier and more efficient to use,since they are arranged according to the sequence in which information is normally needed. ANSI C5
18、7.12.50-1981includes customary units and metric (SI) units, in accordance with ANSI policy. Sound levels were discussed in thepreparation of this standard, but are not included at present. As a matter of information, NEMA TR 1-1974,Transformers, Regulators, and Reactors, includes data concerning dry
19、-type transformer sound levels.It should be noted that ANSI C57.12.50-1981 covers some of the scope of ANSI C89.2-1972 (NEMA ST 20-1972).It is understood from the chairman of American National Standards Committee on Specialty Transformers, C89, thatthe committee will delete that portion of the scope
20、 of C89.2 relating to transformers 601 volts and above to eliminateduplication.This standard is a voluntary consensus standard. Its use is mandatory only when required by a duly constituted legalauthority or when specified in a contractual relationship. To meet specialized needs and to allow innovat
21、ion, specificchanges are permissible when mutually determined by the user and the producer, provided such changes do not violateexisting laws and are considered technically adequate for the function intended.When this document is used on a mandatory basis, the word “shall” indicates mandatory requir
22、ements, and words“should” and “may” refer to matters which are recommended and permitted, respectively, but not mandatory.The applicable ANSI rules and procedures for the preparation and approval of voluntary consensus standards havebeen followed. These specify procedures for voting, review and atte
23、mpted reconciliation of dissenting viewpoints, a60-day public review period, and final review and approval by the ANSI Board of Standards Review.Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the American NationalStandards Institute, Inc, 1430 Broadway, New York
24、, N.Y. 10018.ivThis standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by American National Standards Committee onTransformers, Regulators, and Reactors, C57. Committee approval of the standard does not necessarily imply that allcommittee members voted for its approval. At the time it approve
25、d this standard, the C57 Committee had the followingmembers:I. H. Koponen, Chair C. R. Willmore, Secretary Organization Represented.Name of RepresentativeBonneville Power Administration G. W. IliffElectric Light and Power Group .R. R. BastR. L. EnsignI. H. KoponenJ. P. Markey (Alt)B. F. SmithE. A. V
26、illasuso, JrInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers S. BennonJ. C. DuttonD. C. JohnsonL. W. LongD. E. MasseyR. L. SimpsonNational Electrical Manufacturers Association L. C. AicherW. R. CourtadeJ. W. DixJ. D. DouglassW. C. KendallK. Lindsley (Alt)W. J. McNuttN. M. Neagle (Alt)R. L. SchwabR.
27、 J. Stahara (Alt)R. E. Uptegraff, JrNaval Facilities Engineering Command H. P. StickleyRural Electrification Administration J. C. Arnold, JrTennessee Valley AuthorityL. R. SmithUnderwriters Laboratories . W. A. Farquhar (Alt)E. J. HuberU.S. Bureau of Reclamation S. J. BaxterU.S. Department of Energy
28、 M. Smith, JrSubcommittee C57.12.5 on Dry-Type Transformers, which developed this standard, had the following members:John C. Dutton, Chair Charles H. White, Secretary B. F. Allen (Alt)L. G. Ananian (Alt)R. BancroftJ. A. BersethD. R. BrownF. J. BruttC. C. DixonR. EndicottH. E. Gabel, JrR. H. Hollist
29、er (Alt)P. HopkinsonE. J. HuberF. J. Klecic (Alt)N. J. MeltonM. Mingoia (Alt)J. J. Nay (Alt)W. J. NeiswenderR. E. RothrockR. L. SimpsonS. G. VargoE. Villasuso, JrS. A. WiencekvCLAUSE PAGE1. Scope.11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 22. Related Standards and Guides.22.1 General. 22.2 Terminology. 32.3 Revision
30、of American National Standards Referred to in This Document 3Part I: Basic Electrical and Mechanical Requirements3. Usual Service Conditions34. Ratings and Characteristics.34.1 Kilovolt-Ampere Ratings. 34.2 Kilovolt-Ampere and Voltage Ratings. . 44.3 Taps 54.4 Insulation Levels 54.5 Polarity, Angula
31、r Displacement, and Terminal Markings . 74.6 Impedance Voltage. . 75. Construction .85.1 Insulation System. 85.2 Accessory Location 85.3 Nameplate. . 85.4 Transformer Connections. 85.5 Tap Changing. 105.6 Lifting Facilities and Stability 105.7 Grounding Facilities. 115.8 Transformer Enclosure. 116.
32、Routine Tests.127. Tolerances .12Part II: Other Requirements or Alternatives That May Be Specified for Some Applications8. Other Ratings and Characteristics.128.1 Other Kilovolt-Ampere Ratings. 128.2 40C Average Ambient Temperature Conditions 128.3 Other Winding Temperature Rises 138.4 Other Insulat
33、ion Systems . 138.5 Other High-Voltage Ratings and Connections. 138.6 YY Connected Transformers . 158.7 Increased Neutral Insulation. . 168.8 Other Basic Lightning impulse Insulation Levels (BILs) 16viCLAUSE PAGE9. Other Construction .179.1 High-Voltage Connection Arrangements. 179.2 Low-Voltage Con
34、nection Arrangements . 189.3 Surge Arresters. 189.4 Unit Substation Application. 199.5 Temperature Devices . 199.6 Forced-Air Cooling 199.7 Provision for Future Forced-Air Cooling. 199.8 Space Heaters. 209.9 Current Transformers (or Provision for Their Addition in the Future) 209.10 Terminal Blocks.
35、 209.11 Contacts 209.12 Jacking and Moving Facilities . 2010. Other Tests 20Copyright 2003 IEEE All Rights Reserved 1American National Standard Requirements for Ventilated Dry-Type Distribution Transformers, 1 to 500 kVA, Single-Phase, and 15 to 500 kVA, Three-Phase, with High-Voltage 601 to 34 500
36、Volts, Low-Voltage 120 to 600 Volts1. Scope1.1 This standard is intended to set forth characteristics relating to performance, limited electrical and mechanicalinterchangeability, and safety of the equipment described, and to assist in the proper selection of such equipment.1.2 This standard describ
37、es certain electrical and mechanical characteristics and takes into consideration certain safetyfeatures of 60-Hz, two-winding, ventilated dry-type transformers with self-cooled ratings 1 to 500 kVA, single-phase,and 15 to 500 kVA, three-phase, inclusive; high-voltage 601 to 34 500 volts, and low-vo
38、ltage 120 to 600 volts,inclusive; generally used for step-down purposes. (Forced-air-cooled ratings for certain sizes are listed in Part II.)1.3 This standard does not apply to other types of transformers, such as specialty, ventilated dry-type 501 kVA and larger,sealed dry-type, pad-mounted dry-typ
39、e, liquid immersed, instrument, regulating, furnace, mine, and rectifiertransformers. Transformers with high voltage 600 volts or less are excluded.1.4 When this standard is used on a mandatory basis, the word “shall” indicates mandatory requirements, and the words“should” and “may” refer to matters
40、 that are recommended and permitted, respectively, but not mandatory.NOTE The Foreword of this standard describes the circumstances under which the document may be used on a mandatorybasis.2 Copyright 2003 IEEE All Rights ReservedAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD C57.12.50-1981 1.5 Part I of this standard
41、describes basic electrical and mechanical requirements. Part II describes other requirements oralternatives which may be specified for some applications.2. Related Standards and Guides2.1 General.All requirements, definitions, and tests, except as specifically covered in this standard, shall be in a
42、ccordance with theAmerican National Standards listed below (see 2.3). When referred to in this document, standards are identified bydesignation and year (for example, ANSI/IEEE C57.12.01-1979): American National Standard Dictionary of Electrical with High-Voltage 601-34 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 208Y/1
43、20 to 4160 Volts, ANSI C57.12.52-1981 American National Standard Requirements for Ventilated Dry-Type Power Transformers, 501 kVA and Larger, Three-Phase; with High-Voltage 60134 500 Volts, Low-Voltage 208Y/120 to 4160 Volts, ANSI C57.12.51-1981 American National Standard Terminal Markings and Conne
44、ctions for Distribution and Power Transformers, ANSIC57.12.70-1978 American National Standard Terminology for Distribution and Power Transformers, ANSI/IEEE C57.12.80-1978 American National Standard Test Code for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers, ANSI/IEEE C57.12.91-1979 American Nationa
45、l Standard for Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Forms). ANSI B1.1-1974American National Standard Voltage Ratings for Electric Power Systems and Equipment (60 Hz), ANSI C84.1-1977and C84.1a-1980Copyright 2003 IEEE All Rights Reserved 3AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD C57.12.50-19812.2 Terminol
46、ogy.Standard transformer terminology available in ANSI/IEEE C57.12.80-1978 shall apply. Other electrical terms aredefined in ANSI/IEEE 100-1977. 2.3 Revision of American National Standards Referred to in This Document.When an American National Standard referred to in this document is superseded by a
47、 revision approved by theAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc, the revision shall apply.Part I: Basic Electrical and Mechanical Requirements(See Part II for other requirements or alternatives that may be specified for some applications.)3. Usual Service ConditionsService conditions shall be in
48、 accordance with those described in ANSI/IEEE C57.12.01-1979. 4. Ratings and Characteristics4.1 Kilovolt-Ampere Ratings4.1.1 Kilovolt-ampere ratings are continuous and based on not exceeding a 150C average winding temperature rise, asmeasured by resistance (220C limiting temperature).4.1.2 Self-cool
49、ed (AA) kilovolt-ampere sizes shall be as shown in Table 1.Table 1 Self-Cooled Kilovolt-Ampere SizesSingle-Phase Three-Phase1 50 15 1503 75 30 2255 100 45 3007.5 167 75 50010 250 112.515 33325 50037.54 Copyright 2003 IEEE All Rights ReservedAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD C57.12.50-1981 4.2 Kilovolt-Ampere and Voltage Ratings.Kilovolt-ampere and voltage ratings for single- and three-phase self-cooled (AA) transformers shall be as shown inTables 2 and 3.NOTE At voltages 15 kV and above, YY design transformers (described in Part II of this standard) may be required by ut
