1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement StandardsChapter 7Temperature DeterminationSection 2Portable Electronic ThermometersTHIRD EDITION, MAY 2018Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local,state, and federal laws and regul
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20、n, D.C. 20005.This standard, API MPMS Chapter 7.2, Third Edition, supersedes the following sections of API MPMS Chapter 7,Temperature Determination, First Edition (2001), which has been withdrawn:5.2Portable Electronic Thermometers (PETs)5.4Electronic Temperature Devices5.5Thermowells5.6Data Collect
21、ion, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment6.1Ambient Temperature6.4Portable Electronic Thermometers8.2Portable Electronic Thermometers (PETs)API MPMS Chapter 7.1, Temperature DeterminationLiquid-in-Glass Thermometers, Second Edition (2017)superseded the following sections of API MPMS Chapter 7,
22、 First Edition (2001), which has been withdrawn: 5.3Glass Thermometers5.5Thermowellsiii5.6Data Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment6.1Ambient Temperature6.5Mercury-in-Glass Thermometers8.3Glass and Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer VerificationAPI MPMS Chapter 7.3, Temperature Determina
23、tionFixed Automatic Tank Temperature Systems, Second Edition(2011) superseded the following sections of API MPMS Chapter 7, First Edition (2001), which has been withdrawn:5.1Fixed Automatic Tank Thermometers (ATTs)5.5Thermowells5.6Data Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment6.1Ambient
24、 Temperature6.3Fixed Automatic Tank Thermometers8.1Fixed Automatic Tank Thermometers (ATTs)9.1Fixed Automatic Tank ThermometersAPI MPMS Chapter 7.4, Temperature DeterminationDynamic Temperature Measurement, Second Edition (2018)superseded the following sections of API MPMS Chapter 7, First Edition (
25、2001), which has been withdrawn:5.5Thermowells5.6Data Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment7Dynamic Temperature Measurement8.4Dynamic Verification and Calibration9.2Dynamic Temperature EquipmentSuggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API,
26、 1220 L Street, NW,Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.ContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1 Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 General Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 Mercury Warning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 Equipment Preca
30、utions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Units of Measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Eq
31、uipment and Design Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.1 Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
32、6.2 Accuracy, Resolution, and Discrimination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.3 Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . 56.4 Cable and Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.5 Voltage Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.6 Additional Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.7 Thermowells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Procedures for Temperature Determination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.2 Static Temperature Determination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.3 Dynamic Temperature Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Accuracy Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.1 PET Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.2 PET Verification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138.3 Requirements for a Reference Standard Thermometer. . . . . . . . .
39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138.4 Requirements for a Dry Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Inspection, Verification, and Calibration Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.2 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.3 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169.4 Record Keeping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
42、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Annex A (informative) Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer Alternative Testing Phase IICalibration Devices . . 18Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Tables1 Positioning of Horizontal Thermowells in Pressurized Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Minimum Number of Temperature Measurements for Various Depths of Hydrocarbo
44、n Liquid in Storage, Lease, Ship, and Barge Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Temperature Measurements for Horizontal Cylindrical Tanks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Typical Immersion Times for PETs . . . . . . . . .
45、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 PET Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Allowable Tolerances for Operating P
46、ET versus Reference Standard Thermometer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Verification and Calibration Requirements for PETs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15vIntroductionThe purpose of this standard is to describe methods and practices that ma
47、y be used to obtain accurate temperaturemeasurements of petroleum and petroleum products in storage tanks, ships, and barges under static conditions bythe use of a portable electronic thermometer (PET). The use of PETs for dynamic measurement applications isprimarily covered in API MPMS Ch. 7.4; how
48、ever, guidance is provided in this standard on the device itself, includingpractices to ensure accuracy.Previous versions of this standard described various temperature methods and apparatuses. They did not give muchguidance on specific applications or methods of verification and certification, and
49、were oriented toward crude oil. Thisversion will include guidance on calibration, verification, and certification of equipment used in liquid petroleumproducts, refinery feedstocks, and renewable fuel products. Annex A is reference material for the user thatsynthesizes the methods described in this standard.Temperature has a significant impact on the volumetric determination of liquid quantities when correcting observedvolume to volume at standard conditions. As a result, the most accurate means for temperature determination shouldbe used. For custody transf
