1、 IEEE Standard for Advanced AudioCoding Sponsored by the Standards Activities Board IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA IEEE Computer Society IEEE Std 1857.2-2013IEEE Std 1857.2-2013 IEEE Standard for Advanced Audio Coding Sponsor Standards Activities Board of the IEEE Computer Society Ap
2、proved 23 August 2013 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: A set of tools to support specific audio coding functions including general audio coding and lossless audio coding are defined in this standard. The tool set defined in combination provides regular high-quality and efficient coding tool sets fo
3、r compression, decompression, processing, and representing of audio data to save bandwidth for transmission; to save space for storage; to speed up indexing and multimedia search; and to enhance performance when using mixed media for virtual reality and other applications that demand high bandwidth.
4、 The target applications and services include but are not limited to audio transmission, audio recording, Internet streaming, and other video/audio-enabled services and applications. Keywords: audio coding, bitplane coding, entropy coding, IEEE 1857.2, lossless coding, LPC, PQ-SPSC, scalable coding,
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34、ts, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. viParticipants At the time this IEEE standard was completed, the Audio Video Coding Working Group had the following membership: Wen Gao, Chair
35、Cliff Reader, Vice Chair Weibei Dou Haibin Huang Yichao Huang Jing Li Min Lu Xingde Pan Tianshu Qu Haiyan Shu Xinhui Yang Rongshan Yu Tao Zhang The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Oscar
36、 Au Jianfei Cai Juan Carreon Jianwen Chen Keith Chow John Cole Weibei Dou P. Eastman Wen Gao Matthew Goldman Randall C. Groves Zongming Guo Werner Hoelzl Ruimin Hu Haibin Huang Tiejun Huang Longshe Huo Noriyuki Ikeuchi Akio Iso Euee Seon Jang Huizhu Jia Ming Jiang Piotr Karocki Thomas Kurihara Jia L
37、i Weiping Li Fan Liang Weisi Lin Jiaying Liu Wei Ma Luntian Mou Michael S. Newman Ulrich Pohl Bartien Sayogo Haiyan Shu Walter Struppler Jiande Sun Jun Sun Yonghong Tian John Vergis David Virette Feng Wu Hongkai Xiong Rongshan Yu Oren Yuen Xinggong Zhang Daidi Zhong Huan Zhou Copyright 2013 IEEE. Al
38、l rights reserved. viiWhen the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 23 August 2013, it had the following membership: John Kulick, Chair David J. Law, Vice Chair Richard H. Hulett, Past Chair Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary Masayuki Ariyoshi Peter Balma Farooq Bari Ted Burse Wael Wil
39、liam Diab Stephen Dukes Jean-Philippe Faure Alexander Gelman Mark Halpin Gary Hoffman Paul Houz Jim Hughes Michael Janezic Joseph L. Koepfinger* Oleg Logvinov Ron Petersen Gary Robinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Adrian Stephens Peter Sutherland Yatin Trivedi Phil Winston Yu Yuan *Member Emeritus Also inclu
40、ded are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Julie Alessi IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Malia Zaman IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development Copyright 2013 IEEE.
41、 All rights reserved. viiiIntroduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1857.2-2013, IEEE Standard for Advanced Audio Coding. This standard provides regular high-quality and efficient coding tool sets for compression, decompression, and packaging of the multimedia data to save bandwidth for
42、 transmission on the Internet or to save space for storage. Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. ixContents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 1.3 Audio coding tools. 1 1.4 Document structure 2 2. Definitions, symbols, and abbreviations. 3 2.1 Definitions . 3 2.2 Symbols and abbreviation
43、s 6 3. General audio coding 10 3.1 Overview . 10 3.2 Syntax 11 3.3 General information. 19 3.4 Context-dependent Bitplane Coding 31 3.5 Post-quantization Square Polar Stereo Coding 41 3.6 Quantization 43 3.7 Multi-resolution synthesis . 44 3.8 Linear prediction vector quantization decoding tool . 46
44、 3.9 Frequency-time domain mapping 49 3.10 Multi-channel extension 50 3.11 Lossless extension . 52 4. Lossless audio coding. 78 4.1 Overview . 78 4.2 Semantics and syntax. 78 4.3 Technical overview 82 4.4 Channel decorrelation 83 4.5 Integer lifting wavelet transform . 86 4.6 Linear predictive codin
45、g 89 4.7 Residue preprocessing . 91 4.8 Entropy coding 94 Annex A (normative) Method for keeping the syncword unique . 109 Annex B (normative) AATF and AASF file formats . 110 Annex C (normative) Table for general audio coding 120 Annex D (informative) Encoder for general audio coding . 204 Annex E
46、(normative) Fixed-point reference decoder . 216 Copyright 2013 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1IEEE Standard for Advanced Audio Coding IMPORTANT NOTICE: IEEE Standards documents are not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection, or ensure against interference with or from
47、other devices or networks. Implementers of IEEE Standards documents are responsible for determining and complying with all appropriate safety, security, environmental, health, and interference protection practices and all applicable laws and regulations. This IEEE document is made available for use
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49、 or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This standard specifies the audio compression, decompression, and packaging tools and mechanism to support the transmission and storage of multimedia data over the Internet in a highly efficient way under constraints that include limited complexity and bandwidth. 1.2 Purpose This standard provides regular high-quality and efficient coding tool sets for compression, decompression, and packaging of multimedia data to save bandwidth for transmission on the Internet or to save space for storag
