1、 IEEE Guide for Substation Fire Protection Sponsored by the Substations Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA 27 November 2012 IEEE Power and Energy SocietyIEEE Std 979-2012(Revision ofIEEE Std 979-1994) IEEE Std 979TM-2012 (Revision of IEEE Std 979-1994) IEEE Guide for Substation
2、 Fire Protection Sponsor Substations Committee of the IEEE Power and Energy Society Approved 30 August 2012 IEEE-SA Standards Board Figure B.1 to Figure B.5 are reprinted with permission from CEATI, Report T023700-3022, 2005. Abstract: Guidance is provided to substation engineers in determining the
3、design, equipment, and practices deemed necessary for the fire protection of substations. Keywords: fire, fire protection, hazard, IEEE 979TM, risk, safety, substation design, substations The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyrigh
4、t 2012 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 27 November 2012. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for education
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11、ddress listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/index.html. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.i
12、eee.org/findstds/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. v Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publicati
13、on of this standard, no position is taken by the IEEE with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. If a patent holder or patent applicant has filed a statement of assurance via an Accepted Letter of Assurance, then the statement is listed on the IEEE-SA Web
14、site at http:/standards.ieee.org/about/sasb/patcom/patents.html. Letters of Assurance may indicate whether the Submitter is willing or unwilling to grant licenses under patent rights without compensation or under reasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of an
15、y unfair discrimination to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. Essential Patent Claims may exist for which a Letter of Assurance has not been received. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the
16、legal validity or scope of Patents Claims, or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determin
17、ation of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. vi Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. Participants At the time this guide was completed, the
18、E3 Working Group had the following membership: Don Delcourt, Chair Hanna Abdallah Radoslav Barac Scott Bryant Randall Clelland Gary Engmann Brian Farmer Ajay Garg Raj Ghai Joseph Gravelle Matt Hulcher Thomas La Rose Debra Longtin Patrick McShane Bob Panero Steven Shelton Boris Shvartsberg The follow
19、ing members of the individual balloting committee voted on this guide. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Hanna Abdallah William Ackerman Ali Al Awazi Steven Alexanderson Stan Arnot Peter Balma Thomas Barnes Michael Bayer George Becker W. (Bill) J. Bergman Steven Bezn
20、er Thomas Blackburn Daniel Blaydon William Bloethe Chris Brooks Steven Brown Gustavo Brunello Scott Bryant William Byrd Thomas Callsen Robert Carruth Michael Champagne Robert Christman Randall Clelland Kurt Clemente Jerry Corkran Don Delcourt Gary Donner Michael Dood Randall Dotson Fred Elliott Gary
21、 Engmann Brian Farmer Jorge Fernandez Daher Patrick Fitzgerald Marcel Fortin Rostyslaw Fostiak Ajay Garg George Gela David Gilmer Jalal Gohari Edwin Goodwin Joseph Gravelle Randall Groves Charles Haahr David Harris Gary Heuston Scott Hietpas Werner Hoelzl Robert Hoerauf Philip Hopkinson David Horvat
22、h R. Jackson Gael Kennedy Yuri Khersonsky James Kinney Hermann Koch Robert Konnik Jim Kulchisky Donald Laird Chung-Yiu Lam Thomas La Rose Debra Longtin Federico Lopez William McBride Patrick McShane Daleep Mohla Anne Morgan Mark Morgan Jerry Murphy Arthur Neubauer Michael S. Newman David Nichols Gar
23、y Nissen Robert Olen Lorraine Padden Bansi Patel Christopher Petrola Alvaro Portillo Jean-Christophe Riboud Michael Roberts Edward Rowe Thomas Rozek Anne-Ma Sahazizian Daniel Sauer Bartien Sayogo Devki Sharma Gil Shultz James Smith Jeremy Smith Jerry Smith John Spare Gary Stoedter Brian Story David
24、Tepen Malcolm Thaden Wayne Timm Eric Udren John Vergis Loren Wagenaar David Wallach Barry Ward Joe Watson Yingli Wen Donald Wengerter Kenneth White Alexander Wong Roland Youngberg Luis Zambrano vii Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 3
25、0 August 2012, it had the following membership: Richard H. Hulett, Chair John Kulick, Vice Chair Robert Grow, Past Chair Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary Satish Aggarwal Masayuki Ariyoshi Peter Balma William Bartley Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Wael Diab Jean-Philippe Faure Alexander Gelman Paul Houz
26、Jim Hughes Young Kyun Kim Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Thomas Lee Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Gary Robinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Mike Seavey Yatin Trivedi Phil Winston Yu Yuan *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Richard DeBlasio, DOE
27、 Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Don Messina IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Malia Zaman IEEE Client Services Manager, Professional Services viii Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 979-2012, IEEE G
28、uide for Substation Fire Protection. Since the original edition of IEEE Std 979 (issued in 1994 and reaffirmed in 2004) was prepared, the body of knowledge on fire protection has increased significantly. This revision captures much of this knowledge and presents it for use by both the substation des
29、igner and the fire protection professional. ix Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 1.3 General 1 2. Normative references 3 3. Definitions 3 3.1 General terms . 4 3.2 Fire-suppression system terms . 4 3.3 Fire detection system terms . 5 4. Fire
30、 hazards 6 4.1 General 6 4.2 Combustible oil hazards 6 4.3 Flammable and combustible liquid and gas hazards 7 4.4 Fire exposure hazards 7 4.5 Indoor substation hazards 8 4.6 Critical loss assets 8 4.7 Maintenance and construction . 9 5. Fire protection considerations for substation sites 9 5.1 Gener
31、al 9 5.2 External exposures . 9 5.3 Site grading 10 5.4 Prevailing winds 11 5.5 Fire emergency response capability . 11 5.6 Available firefighting water supplies . 11 5.7 Emergency access to the substation . 11 6. Fire protection for substation buildings 12 6.1 General 12 6.2 Use and occupancy 12 6.
32、3 Underground substations . 13 6.4 High-rise substations . 13 6.5 Indoor substations 14 6.6 Construction 14 6.7 Fire alarm and detection systems . 18 6.8 Fire suppression . 18 6.9 Life safety 19 6.10 Combustible materials . 20 7. Fire protection for substations 20 7.1 Spatial separation of outdoor m
33、ineral-oil-insulated equipment . 20 7.2 Prescriptive separation requirements . 21 7.3 Calculated separation requirements . 23 7.4 Ground surface material 23 7.5 Cable raceway systems 23 7.6 Water supply 25 7.7 Fire extinguishers 25 x Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. 8. Fire protection for e
34、quipment . 25 8.1 Oil-spill-containment systems . 25 8.2 Stone flame suppression 26 8.3 Fire barriers . 27 8.4 Fire-suppression systems . 27 8.5 Explosion suppression . 28 8.6 Equipment design 29 9. Fire protection measures selection . 29 9.1 General 29 9.2 Fire protection objectives 29 9.3 Performa
35、nce factors . 29 9.4 Life cycle factors . 30 9.5 Risk-based economic analysis . 30 9.6 Benefit/cost analysis 30 Annex A (normative) Additional information to main body clauses 32 Annex B (informative) Quantitative methods for analysis of hazards 47 Annex C (informative) Selection of fire protection
36、systems and substation design . 56 Annex D (informative) Fire emergency plan, incident management, and recovery . 65 Annex E (informative) Examples . 69 Annex F (informative) Bibliography 84 1 Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Guide for Substation Fire Protection IMPORTANT NOTICE: IEEE
37、Standards documents are not intended to ensure safety, health, or environmental protection, or ensure against interference with or from other devices or networks. Implementers of IEEE Standards documents are responsible for determining and complying with all appropriate safety, security, environment
38、al, health, and interference protection practices and all applicable laws and regulations. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the hea
39、ding “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview 1.1 Scope The original guide (1994) was developed to identify substation fire protection pr
40、actices that generally have been accepted by industry. This revision includes changes in industry practices for substation fire protection. New clauses on fire hazard assessment and pre-fire planning have been added. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of the original guide (1994) was to give design guidance, f
41、ire hazard assessment, and pre-fire planning in the area of fire protection to substation engineers. Existing fire protection standards, guides, and so on that may aid in the design of specific substations or substation components are listed in Annex F. This revision updates that guidance. 1.3 Gener
42、al The guide outlines substation fire protection practices based on industry standards and good practices. It incorporates lessons learned from substation fires, substation fire protection research and testing, advancements in fire protection engineering practices, and changes in fire protection due
43、 to risk and IEEE Std 979-2012 IEEE Guide for Substation Fire Protection 2 Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. environmental concerns. The guide provides design guidance in the area of fire protection for substation engineers and others involved in substation fire safety and protection. The pr
44、edominant dielectric insulating fluid for transformers is mineral oil, and mineral oil constitutes one of the primary fire hazards in the substation. Consequently, much of this guide addresses hazards and protection measures based on mineral oil fires. There are several alternative fluids with impro
45、ved fire safety properties (higher flash and fire points), known as “less-flammable” dielectric fluids, which have been introduced. Many of these fluids have been recognized as reducing the hazard and the risk of a fire occurring relative to mineral oil. Use of a “less flammable” fluid is one means
46、to reduce the risk of fire at a substation. See 8.4.2 and A.21 for additional information on these fluids. It is the intent of this guide that the analysis and decisions made may require the use of a team approach comprising various specialists. These specialists will be able to provide specific gui
47、dance on their areas of expertise; provide interpretation of the related codes, standards, and practices; and help formulate fire protection solutions. The following are some of the specialists that could be involved: Substation design engineers (civil, electrical, mechanical, and structural) Substa
48、tion operation and maintenance staff Fire protection engineers and specialists The local fire department The authority having jurisdiction over the substation Architects and code consultants This guide provides fire protection guidance for the following types of substations that have the principal p
49、ower delivery functions accomplished with alternating current (ac) or direct current (dc) power and are operated at voltages of 1 kV and above: Generating plant switchyards Customer substations Switching substations Transmission substations Distribution substations Capacitor substations Converter station switchyards The types of substations listed can be designed in a number of different configurations and layouts as follows: Outdoor substations Indoor substations Multistory above-grade substations Multistory below-grade substatio
