1、IEEE Std C57.12.59-2001IEEE StandardsC57.12.59TMIEEE Guide for Dry-Type TransformerThrough-Fault Current DurationPublished by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA10 January 2002IEEE Power Engineering SocietySponsored by theTransformer
2、s CommitteeIEEE StandardsPrint: SH94979PDF: SS94979Recognized as anAmerican National Standard (ANSI)The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2002 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved.
3、Published 10 January 2001. Printed in the United States of America.Second printing 12 December 2006. To obtain errata information, please go tohttp:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieeee/updates/errata/index.html.Print: ISBN 0-7381-3104-0 SH94979PDF: ISBN 0-7381-3105-9 SS94979No part of this publication
4、may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std C57.12.59-2001 (R2006)IEEE Guide for Dry-Type Transformer Through-Fault Current DurationSponsorTransformers Committeeof theIEEE Power Engineering SocietyAppro
5、ved 30 April 2002American National Standards InstituteApproved 6 December 2001Reaffirmed 5 December 2006IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract: This guide sets forth recommendations believed essential for the application of overcur-rent protective devices that limit the exposure time of dry-type transforme
6、rs to short-circuit currents.This guide is not intended to imply overload capability.Keywords: dry-type transformers, normal base current, overcurrent protective devices, transform-er short-circuit impedanceIEEE Standardsdocuments are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinatin
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23、 a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity orscope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.iiiIntroduction(This introduction is not a part of IEEE Std C57.12.59-2001, IEEE Guide for Dry-Type T
24、ransformer Through-FaultCurrent Duration.)This guide provides recommendations for the application of overcurrent protection devices to limit the expo-sure time of dry-type transformers to short circuits. It must not be confused with IEEE Std C57.109-1993,IEEE Guide for Liquid-Immersed Transformer Th
25、rough-Fault Current Duration, which applies only to liq-uid-immersed transformers.Dry-type transformers differ signicantly from liquid-immersed types in several respects:a) There are ve different temperature ratings for dry-type transformers: 75 C, 90 C, 115 C, 130 C,and 150 C; whereas there is only
26、 one temperature rating for liquid-immersed transformers: 65 C.b) There are signicant variations in dry-type winding constructions, including conventional varnishimpregnated layered windings, vertically stacked varnish-impregnated disk windings, solid-castresin windings, and combinations thereof, al
27、l of which have different transient heating characteris-tics during time intervals greater than about 100 s.c) The transient heating of liquid-immersed transformer windings are considerably buffered by theinsulating medium in which they are immersed, providing a relatively long thermal time constant
28、 ascompared to dry-type transformers.Because of the foregoing, the through-fault protection curves for dry-type transformers are limited to over-load time intervals of 100 s or less. No one curve for longer time intervals would characterize the thermalperformance of all the different dry-type transf
29、ormer constructions and temperature ratings. Moreover, suchcurves are not known or, at least, not available. Consequently, the curves in this guide pertain to the temper-ature rise of the windings during time intervals less than 100 s, wherein nearly all the heat generated isstored in the conductors
30、. For longer time intervals, it is recommended that reference be made to IEEE StdC57.96-1999, IEEE Guide for Loading Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers.As short-circuit time intervals become progressively less than 100 s, mechanical considerations becomemore important than thermal characte
31、ristics.Short-circuit performance characteristics are contained in IEEE Std C57.12.01-1998, IEEE Standard Gen-eral Requirements for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers Including Those With Solid-Cast and/or Resin-Encapsulated Windings. This guide supplements that information, but in no way
32、supersedes it.ParticipantsAt the time this guide was completed, the Working Group for Dry-Type Transformer Through-Fault CurrentDuration had the following membership:Paulette A. Payne,ChairDerek FosterMichael E. HaasN. Wayne HansenPhilip J. HopkinsonRush HortonCharles W. Johnson, Jr.Gene MorehartBip
33、in K. PatelivCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.The following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted forapproval, disapproval, or abstention. When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 6 December 2001, it had the followingmembership:
34、Donald N. Heirman,ChairJames T. Carlo,Vice ChairJudith Gorman,Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:Alan Cookson, NIST RepresentativeDonald R. Volzka, TAB RepresentativeNoelle D. HumenickIEEE Standards Project EditorS. H. AguirreJim Antweil
35、erEdward A. BertoliniThomas E. Blackburn, IIIAlain BolligerSimon R. ChanoPeter W. ClarkeGuru Dutt DhingraDieter DohnalJ. C. DuartGeorge GelaRandall C. GrovesMichael E. HaasRobert H. HartgroveJames D. Huddleston, IIICharles W. Johnson, Jr. Anthony J. JonnattiJohn G. LackeyStephen R. LambertDonald L.
36、LoweAllan LudbrookDon MacMillanWilliam A. MaguireK. T. MassoudaJohn W. MatthewsNigel P. McQuinJoe MelansonGary L. MichelDaniel H. MulkeyArthur S. NeubauerKlaus PappBipin K. PatelDhiru S. PatelWesley F. PattersonPaulette A. PayneCarlos O. PeixotoPaul PillitteriTom A. PrevostMadan RanaRadhakrishna V R
37、ebbapragadaJohn R. RossettiWes W. SchwartzPat ScullyHyeong Jin SimJames E. SmithRonald J. StaharaFrank StevensRon W. StonerJohn C. SullivanSubhash C TuliGerald L. VaughnJames W. WilsonWilliam G. WimmerSatish K. AggarwalMark D. BowmanGary R. EngmannHarold E. EpsteinH. Landis FloydJay Forster*Howard M
38、. FrazierRuben D. GarzonJames H. GurneyRichard J. HollemanLowell G. JohnsonRobert J. KennellyJoseph L. Koepnger*Peter H. LipsL. Bruce McClungDaleep C. MohlaJames W. MooreRobert F. MunznerRonald C. PetersenGerald H. PetersonJohn B. PoseyGary S. RobinsonAkio TojoDonald W. ZipseCopyright 2002 IEEE. All
39、 rights reserved.vContents1. Overview 11.1 Scope 11.2 Purpose. 11.3 General. 12. References 23. Definitions 24. Transformer coordination 24.1 Category I transformers . 44.2 Category II transformers 4viCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.1IEEE Guide for D
40、ry-Type Transformer Through-Fault Current Duration1. Overview1.1 ScopeThis guide applies to dry-type transformers designated as Category I and Category II in IEEE StdC57.12.01-1998.1Category III transformers have not been included since these are not commonly manufac-tured and may require special co
41、nsideration depending on the manufacturers recommendations.1.2 PurposeProtective devices, such as relays and fuses, have well-dened operating characteristics that relate fault mag-nitude to clearing time. It is desirable that these characteristic curves be coordinated with comparable curvesapplicabl
42、e to dry-type transformers that relate duration and fault magnitude to withstand capability.This guide sets forth recommendations believed essential for the application of overcurrent protectivedevices that limit the exposure time of dry-type transformers to short-circuit currents. This guide is not
43、intended to imply overload capability.1.3 GeneralThe magnitude and duration of fault currents are of utmost importance in establishing a coordinated protec-tion practice for transformers, as both mechanical and thermal effects of fault currents must be considered.For fault-current magnitudes near th
44、e maximum short-circuit current rating of the transformer, mechanicaleffects are more signicant than thermal effects. The maximum symmetrical short-circuit current should notexceed 25 times normal base current in accordance with IEEE Std C57.12.01-1998. At lower fault-currentmagnitudes approaching t
45、he overload range, mechanical effects are less important unless the frequency andduration of fault occurrence is high enough to promote mechanical degradation. The point of transitionbetween mechanical concern and thermal concern cannot be precisely dened; mechanical effects tend tohave a more promi
46、nent role in larger kVA ratings because the mechanical forces are greater.1Information on references can be found in Clause 2.IEEEStd C57.12.59-2001 IEEE GUIDE FOR DRY-TYPE TRANSFORMER2Copyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.2. ReferencesThis guide is to be used in conjunction with the following pu
47、blications. If the following publications aresuperseded by an approved revision, the revision shall apply.IEEE C37.91-2000, IEEE Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Power Transformers.2IEEE C57.12.01-1998, IEEE Standard General Requirements for Dry-Type Distribution and Power Trans-formers In
48、cluding Those with Solid-Cast and/or Resin-Encapsulated Windings.IEEE C57.96-1999, IEEE Guide for Loading Dry-Type Distribution and Power Transformers.3. DenitionsFor the purposes of this guide, the following terms and denitions apply. The Authoritative Dictionary ofIEEE Standards TermsB13should be
49、referenced for terms not dened in this clause.3.1 normal base current: Rated current of a transformer corresponding to its rated voltage and rated basekVA.3.2 transformer short-circuit impedance:1.) For Category I transformers, the transformer expressed inpercent of rated voltage and rated base kVA of the transformer. 2.) For Category II transformers, the sum oftransformer impedance and system short-circuit impedance at the transformer location, expressed in percentof rated voltage and rated base kVA of the transformer. 4. Transformer coordination
