1、 ISO 2013 Packaging and the environment Reuse Emballage et environnement Rutilisation INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18603 First edition 2013-01-15 Reference number ISO 18603:2013(E) ISO 18603:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013 All rights reserved. Unless otherw
2、ise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright
3、office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 18603:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definit
4、ions . 1 4 Methodology . 3 4.1 Assessment confirmation 3 4.2 Background conditions 3 5 Requirements 3 5.1 Initial conditions . 3 5.2 Verification procedure 4 5.3 Application . 4 6 Specification of r euse s y st ems . 4 6.1 Types of system 4 6.2 Criteria for a closed loop system (see Figure 2) . 5 6.
5、3 Criteria for an open loop system (see Figure 3) . 5 6.4 Criteria for a hybrid system (see Figure 4) . 6 Annex A (informative) The overall concept of reuse systems. 8 Annex B (normative) Elements of a reconditioning system . 9 Annex C (normative) Assessment of whether the requirements of this Inter
6、national Standard have been met .10 Bibliography .12 ISO 18603:2013(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO techn
7、ical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
8、with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft In
9、ternational Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document
10、may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 18603 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 4, Packaging and environment.iv ISO 2013 All rights reserved ISO 18603:2013(E) Introduction Packa
11、ging plays a critical role in almost every industry, every sector and every supply chain. Appropriate packaging is essential to prevent loss of goods and, as a result, decrease impact on the environment. Effective packaging makes a positive contribution towards achieving a sustainable society by, (e
12、.g.): a) meeting consumers needs and expectation for the protection of goods, safety, handling and information; b) efficiently using resources and limiting environmental impact; c) saving costs in the distribution and merchandising of goods. An environmental assessment of packaging may include the m
13、anufacturing and distribution system, the wastage of packaging material and goods, the relevant collection systems, as well as recovery or disposal operations. This group of ISO standards and supporting reports provides a set of procedures which aim to: d) reduce environmental impact; e) support inn
14、ovation in products, packaging and the supply chain; f) avoid undue restrictions on the use of packaging; g) prevent barriers and restrictions to trade. Packaging is designed to provide a number of functions for users and producers such as: containment, protection, information, convenience, unitizat
15、ion, handling, delivery or presentation of goods. A major role of packaging is prevention of damage to or loss of goods. (See ISO 18601, Annex A for a list of the functions of packaging.) ISO 18601 defines the interrelationships within the family of ISO standards which cover the environmental impact
16、 of packaging throughout its life cycle (see Figure 1). These standards will help define whether the selected packaging can be optimized and whether the packaging needs to be modified to ensure it can be reused or recovered after use. Demonstration that the requirements of these standards are met ca
17、n be performed by a first party (manufacturer or supplier), a second party (user or purchaser), or by the support of a third party (independent body). Public claims on the environmental attributes of packaging may be addressed by different methods. Some of these are technical aspects on reuse or rec
18、overy, others relate to access by the population to reuse or recovery systems or the amount of packaging placed on the market for recovery. This series of standards addresses the technical aspects of the packaging. It does not address the requirements of ISO 14021 needed to support a claim or label.
19、 This International Standard does not use the term “and/or” but, instead, the term “or” is used as an inclusive disjunction, meaning one or the other or both. ISO 2013 All rights reserved v ISO 18603:2013(E) OPTIMIZE ISO 18601 Packaging and the environment - General requirements for the use of ISO s
20、tandards in the ield of packaging and the environment ISO 18602 Packaging and the environment - Optimization of the packaging system Annex C Assessment and minimization of substances or mixtures hazardous to the environment Decision End of functional life Recovery RECOVERY ISO 18604 Packaging and th
21、e environment - Material recycling ISO 18605 Packaging and the environment - Energy recovery ISO 18606 Packaging and the environment - Organic recycling REUSE ISO 18603 Packaging and the environment - Reuse Reuse Figure 1 Relationship of the Packaging and environment standardsvi ISO 2013 All rights
22、reserved INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 18603:2013(E) Packaging and the environment Reuse 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements for a packaging to be classified as reusable and sets out procedures for assessment of meeting the requirements, including the associated systems. The
23、 procedure for applying this International Standard is contained in ISO 18601. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
24、 references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 18601, Packaging and the environment General requirements for the use of ISO standards in the field of packaging and the environment ISO 21067, Packaging Vocabulary 3 T erms an d definiti ons For the p
25、urposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 18601 and ISO 21067 and the following apply. 3.1 reuse operation by which packaging is refilled or used for the same purpose for which it was conceived, with or without the support of auxiliary products present on the market enabling t
26、he packaging to be refilled Note 1 to entry: Non reusable items that support packaging reuse, such as labels or closures, are considered to be part of that packaging. 3.2 reusable packaging packaging or packaging component which has been designed to accomplish or proves its ability to accomplish a m
27、inimum number of trips or rotations in a system for reuse 3.3 trip transfer of packaging, from filling/loading to emptying/unloading Note 1 to entry: See Annex A. 3.4 rotation cycle undergone by reusable packaging from filling/loading to filling/loading Note 1 to entry: See Annex A. 3.5 packaging us
28、ed for the same purpose packaging which, having completed a rotation, is subsequently reused with the original conception, in a system for reuse EXAMPLE Reuse of pallets, loaded originally with dairy products and now loaded with house bricks is reuse for the same purpose. ISO 2013 All rights reserve
29、d 1 ISO 18603:2013(E) Note 1 to entry: Attention should be paid to the intended use and function of the packaging, in order to verify whether it is being reused for the same purpose or a secondary use. In the latter case the packaging is not considered as reusable packaging for the purpose of this d
30、ocument. 3.6 systems for reuse established arrangements (organizational, technical or financial) which ensure the possibility of reuse Note 1 to entry: Within the Scope of this document, the “systems” currently recognized are listed below (see Clause 6 for further information.) 3.6.1 closed loop sys
31、tem system in which packaging is reused by a company or a co-operating group of companies 3.6.2 open loop system system in which packaging is reused amongst unspecified companies 3.6.3 hybrid system system consisting of two parts: a) packaging, remaining with the end user, for which there exists no
32、redistribution system leading to commercial refilling; b) packaging, used as an auxiliary product to transport the contents to the reusable packaging 3.7 auxiliary product products used to support the refilling/loading of reusable packaging Note 1 to entry: Auxiliary products are one way products an
33、d are therefore not covered by this document. An example of an auxiliary product is a detergent pouch used to refill a container at home. 3.8 reconditioning operations necessary to restore a reusable packaging to a functional state for further reuse 3.9 supplier entity responsible for placing packag
34、ing or packaged goods on the market Note 1 to entry: The term “supplier” in normal usage can relate to various points in a supply chain. For the purpose of this document, it relates to any point in the supply chain where a transaction relating to packaging or packaged goods takes place. SOURCE: ISO
35、18601:2012, definition 3.22 3.10 emptier a person or entity who empties a package2 ISO 2013 All rights reserved ISO 18603:2013(E) 4 Methodology 4.1 Assessment c onfir mation The relevant entities, which include packer, filler, supplier, emptier or others, shall ensure that the following enabling con
36、ditions are met in order to assess whether the packaging is appropriate for a claim of reusable in the circumstances of its intended use: a) that the design of the packaging enables the principal components to accomplish a number of trips or rotations in normally predictable conditions of use; b) th
37、at the packaging is capable of being successfully reconditioned in accordance with the requirements of Annex B; c) that a system, necessary to support reuse, is available in markets in which the packaging is placed, as appropriate. 4.2 Background conditions The overall requirements of reusable packa
38、ging are determined by a combination of the demands placed on the packaging itself and the requirements of the reuse system in which it functions. In practice, this means that the detailed requirements of reusable packaging may change from one application to another. Furthermore, the design process
39、tends to be ongoing in response to operational experience in the reuse of the packaging concerned. The demands for durability can mean that reusable packaging design may incorporate more material than that intended for other uses. To meet the requirements of this International Standard, documentary
40、support and in particular the recording of the results of the assessment process are necessary. This International Standard requires that this be done in a formal way by a statement recording the fulfilment of all the conditions identified as enabling reuse. With regard to matters affecting the heal
41、th and safety of persons employed in the reuse process, e.g. in refurbishment or cleaning of packaging, existing legislation in all countries provides specific and comprehensive requirements and it is not considered appropriate to develop separate requirements solely for packaging. 5 Requirements 5.
42、1 Initial conditions For each packaging type placed on the market: a) The packer, filler, supplier, emptier or other relevant entities concerned shall be able to demonstrate that the packaging is capable of reuse for the application intended in normally predictable conditions of use; b) The packer,
43、filler, supplier, emptier or other relevant entities concerned shall be able to demonstrate that a system for reuse, including reconditioning, exists. NOTE This information may be obtained, for example, directly from the packaging supplier, emptier or by reference to an established standard, recogni
44、zed organization, or commercial operator. Documented practical experience from existing applications can be a valid source of supporting data. In the case of packaging intended for use as part of a hybrid system, only 5.1 a) applies. ISO 2013 All rights reserved 3 ISO 18603:2013(E) 5.2 V erification
45、 pr oc edur e The concerned entity shall, for each of the packaging types placed on the market and at the earliest practicable stage, establish and record: a) the intention with regard to the reusability of the packaging, giving due consideration to the particular circumstances in which reuse may oc
46、cur; b) that the design of the packaging enables the principal components to accomplish a number of trips or rotations in normally predictable conditions of use ; c) that the packaging can be emptied/unloaded without significant damage, beyond that which can be viably repaired; d) that the packaging
47、 can be reconditioned by proper method and to certain level may be required, the packaging maintaining its ability to perform its intended function and without risk to the health and safety of those responsible for doing so; e) that any reconditioning process within his control is managed in a manne
48、r that takes into account its impact on the environment; f) that any reconditioning process meets the essential relevant elements for that packaging defined in Annex B; g) that the packaging can be refilled/reloaded without risk to the integrity of the product or to the health and safety of those re
49、sponsible for doing so; h) that a reuse system is available in those markets on to which the supplier is responsible for placing the packaged goods, so as to make reuse possible; i) that the reuse system identified as appropriate, in the actual circumstances of use, comply with one of the specifications from Clause 6. j) that the packaging no longer to be reused shall be recoverable in meeting the requirements of one or more of ISO 18604, ISO 18605 or ISO 18606 Annex C (normative) identifies the required content for the recording of resp
