1、 Reference number ISO 19438:2003(E) ISO 2003INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19438 First edition 2003-11-01 Corrected version 2004-06-15 Diesel fuel and petrol filters for internal combustion engines Filtration efficiency using particle counting and contaminant retention capacity Filtres carburant, essenc
2、e ou diesel, pour moteurs combustion interne Efficacit de filtration par comptage des particules et capacit de rtention ISO 19438:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edite
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7、 Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All rights reservedISO 19438:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Symbols . 2 5 Test equipment and materials . 2 5.1 Test equipment 2 5.2 Test materials
8、 5 6 Accuracy of measuring instruments and test conditions 5 7 Test rig validation . 6 7.1 General. 6 7.2 Validation of the on-line dilution and particle counting system 6 7.3 Validation of filter test circuit 6 7.4 Validation of contaminant injection circuit 7 8 Preliminary preparation 7 8.1 Test f
9、ilter assembly. 7 8.2 Contaminant injection circuit 7 8.3 Filter test circuit 9 9 Test procedure 9 9.1 Initial procedure 9 9.2 Filter test 11 10 Calculation and reporting of test results 12 10.1 Test report . 12 10.2 Calculation. 12 Annex A (normative) Specification of test fluid for filter test 15
10、Annex B (informative) Typical filter test report, presentation of test results. 17 Annex C (informative) Example filter efficiency calculations 22 Annex D (informative) Summary of the International interlaboratory trial (“round robin”) to validate ISO 19438 protocol . 26 Bibliography . 38 ISO 19438:
11、2003(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member bod
12、y interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrote
13、chnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by
14、 the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rig
15、hts. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 19438 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 7, Injection equipment and filters for use on road vehicles. It is intended that ISO 19438 replace ISO/TS 13353:2002 when that
16、 document is reviewed after three years. This corrected version of ISO 19438:2003 incorporates the following corrections: in the test report in Annex B, under the headings “Presentation of test results Initial filtration efficiency Elapsed time: 6,00 min” and “ Initial filtration efficiency Elapsed
17、time: 15,00 min”, the particle size “W 3 m(c)” has been corrected to “W 13 m(c)”; in Figure D.4, the curve labelled at left of the legend as “LATOUR T2” has been corrected to read “LATOUR T1”; an explanation that the barred values in the table are discarded outliers has been inserted in the title of
18、 Table D.2; ISO/TS 13353 has been added to the bibliography; typographical errors have been corrected. ISO 19438:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved vIntroduction An interlaboratory trial was conducted using ISO 19438 by six laboratories in 2002. Typical filters were evaluated and results for filtr
19、ation efficiencies and retention capacities analysed to deduce repeatability, reproducibility and coefficient of variation of the method. Initial filtration efficiency results were found to closely correlate to those obtained through the method specified in ISO/TS 13353, thus making the method given
20、 in that Technical Specification redundant. A summary of the results is given in Annex D. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19438:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 1Diesel fuel and petrol filters for internal combustion engines Filtration efficiency using particle counting and contaminant retention capa
21、city 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a multi-pass filtration test, with continuous contaminant injection and using the on-line particle counting method, for evaluating the performance of diesel fuel and petrol filters for internal combustion engines submitted to a constant flow rate of
22、 test liquid. The test procedure determines the contaminant capacity of a filter, its particulate removal characteristics and differential pressure. This International Standard is applicable to filter elements having a rated flow of between 50 l/h and 800 l/h; however, by agreement between filter ma
23、nufacturer and customer, and with some modification, the procedure is permitted for application to fuel filters with higher flow rates. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited appli
24、es. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1219-1:1991, Fluid power systems and components Graphic symbols and circuit diagrams Part 1: Graphic symbols ISO 2942:1994, Hydraulic fluid power Filter elements Verification of fabricat
25、ion integrity and determination of the first bubble point ISO 3968:2001, Hydraulic fluid power Filters Evaluation of differential pressure versus flow characteristics ISO 4021:1992, Hydraulic fluid power Particulate contamination analysis Extraction of fluid samples from lines of an operating system
26、 ISO 11171:1999, Hydraulic fluid power Calibration of automatic particle counters for liquids ISO 4405:1991, Hydraulic fluid power Fluid contamination Determination of particulate contamination by the gravimetric method ISO 11841-1, Road vehicles and internal combustion engines Filter vocabulary Par
27、t 1: Definitions of filters and filter components ISO 11841-2, Road vehicles and internal combustion engines Filter vocabulary Part 2: Definitions of characteristics of filters and their components ISO 11943:1999, Hydraulic fluid power On-line automatic particle-counting systems Method of calibratio
28、n and validation ISO 12103-1:1997, Road vehicles Test dust for filter evaluation Part 1: Arizona test dust ISO 19438:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11841-1 and ISO 11841-2 and the following apply
29、. 3.1 multipass test test which requires the recirculation of filtered fluid through the filter element 3.2 base upstream gravimetric level upstream contaminant concentration if no contaminant is recirculated 3.3 filtration efficiency ability of the filter to retain particles expressed as the percen
30、tage of particles of a given size retained by the filter under test 3.4 overall efficiency efficiency calculated from the average upstream and downstream particle counts obtained during the entire test 3.5 filter rating particle size corresponding to an initial efficiency or cumulative overall effic
31、iency of a given percentage NOTE It is expressed in micrometres(c) m(c), which signifies throughout this International Standard that a particle size measurement is carried out using an automatic particle counter calibrated in accordance with ISO 11171. 3.6 filter reference rating filter rating at 99
32、 % efficiency NOTE It is expressed in micrometres(c) m(c), which signifies throughout this International Standard that a particle size measurement is carried out using an automatic particle counter calibrated in accordance with ISO 11171. 3.7 initial efficiency efficiency at first data points calcul
33、ated from 4 min, 5 min and 6 min particle counts 4 Symbols Graphical symbols used in this International Standard for fluid power system components are in accordance with ISO 1219-1. 5 Test equipment and materials 5.1 Test equipment 5.1.1 Test rig The test rig, shown diagrammatically in Figure 1 (to
34、which the numbers in parentheses throughout this International Standard refer), shall comprise the following. ISO 19438:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 35.1.1.1 Filter test circuit, including the components specified in 5.1.1.1.1 to 5.1.1.1.7. 5.1.1.1.1 Reservoir (1), constructed with a conical
35、 bottom having an included angle of not more than 90 and where the oil entering is diffused below the fluid surface. 5.1.1.1.2 Oil pump (2), which does not alter the contaminant particle size distribution and does not exhibit pressure pulsation with an amplitude greater than 10 % of the average pres
36、sure at the filter inlet. 5.1.1.1.3 Device, such as a filter head to accommodate spin-on filters, which connects the test filter (6) and which can be by-passed or replaced by a straight section of pipe. 5.1.1.1.4 System clean-up filter (9), capable of providing an initial system contamination level
37、of less than 15 particles/ml having a size greater than 10 m(c). 5.1.1.1.5 Sampling valves, in accordance with ISO 4021, for turbulent sampling upstream and downstream of the test filter, for on-line particle counting (18) and for gravimetric analysis (11). 5.1.1.1.6 Pressure tappings, in accordance
38、 with ISO 3968. 5.1.1.1.7 Piping, sized to ensure that turbulent mixing conditions exist throughout the filter test circuit. 5.1.1.2 Contaminant injection circuit, including the components specified in 5.1.1.2.1 to 5.1.1.2.3. 5.1.1.2.1 Reservoir (12), constructed with a conical bottom having an incl
39、uded angle of not more than 90 and where the oil entering is diffused below the fluid surface. 5.1.1.2.2 Oil pump (13), of centrifugal or other type, which does not alter the contaminant particle size distribution. 5.1.1.2.3 System clean-up filter (14), capable of providing either of the following c
40、onditions: a) an initial system contamination level of less than 1 000 particles/ml having a size greater than 10 m(c); b) a gravimetric level less than 2 % of the calculated level at which the test is being conducted, measured using the double membrane gravimetric method in accordance with ISO 4405
41、. 5.1.1.2.4 Piping, sized to ensure that turbulent mixing conditions exist throughout the contaminant injection circuit. While injection flows lower than 0,25 l/min may be used if validated, an injection flow of 0,25 l/min is recommended. Injection flows higher than 0,25 l/min shall not be used to m
42、inimize the effect of fluid extraction on filter capacity. ISO 19438:2003(E) 4 ISO 2003 All rights reservedKey 1 reservoir incorporating thermostatically controlled heater 13 circulation pump 2 test pump 14 clean-up filter A contaminant injection circuit 3 three-way ball valve 15 heat exchanger B fi
43、lter test circuit 4 pressure gauge 16 injection pump 5 differential pressure gauge 17 flow meter C dilution and counting system 6 test filter 18 sampling valve 7 throttle valve (for flow regulation) 19 dilution system 8 flow meter 20 particle counter sensor 9 clean-up filter 21 particle counter 10 h
44、eat exchanger 22 sampling valve 11 sampling valve 23 by-pass flow circuit 12 reservoir incorporating thermostatically controlled heater Figure 1 Diagrammatic arrangement of test rig 5.1.2 On-line dilution and particle counting system The on-line dilution and particle counting system shall be in acco
45、rdance with ISO 11943 and include the components specified in 5.1.2.1 to 5.1.2.4. 5.1.2.1 On-line sample delivery pipework, sized to maintain a fluid velocity that prevents silting at a flow rate of 0,125 l/min. For tests with sampling flows 10 % of the total filter flow rate, the amount of dust dis
46、carded in the sampling flow will be significant. This amount shall be evaluated and deducted from the retained capacity. Lower flow rates may be used provided they are validated. 5.1.2.2 Dilution system (19), comprising appropriate reservoir, pump, clean-up filters, flow meters and flow regulation v
47、alves. ISO 19438:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 55.1.2.3 Two optical particle sensors (20), connected to a particle counter (21) having a minimum of five channels. 5.1.2.4 Timer, capable of measuring minutes and seconds. 5.2 Test materials 5.2.1 Test contaminant 5.2.1.1 Contaminant grade The c
48、ontaminant shall be in accordance with the specification of ISO 12103-A3 medium grade test dust. 5.2.1.2 Contaminant preparation The test dust shall be pre-dried in quantities no larger than 200 g for at least 1 h at (105 5) C and cooled to room temperature. Maintain in a desiccator until required f
49、or use. 5.2.2 Test fluid The test fluid shall have a petroleum base and conform to the specifications given in Annex A. 6 Accuracy of measuring instruments and test conditions The measuring instruments shall be capable of measuring to the levels of accuracy given in Table 1. The last column in the table gives the limits within which the test conditions shall be maintained. Table 1 Instrument accuracy and test condition variation Test condition Unit Measurement ac
