1、 Reference number ISO 6983-1:2009(E) ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6983-1 Second edition 2009-12-15 Automation systems and integration Numerical control of machines Program format and definitions of address words Part 1: Data format for positioning, line motion and contouring control systems Sy
2、stmes dautomatisation industrielle et intgration Commande numrique des machines Format de programme et dfinitions des mots adresses Partie 1: Format des donnes pour les systmes de positionnement, de commande paraxiale de mouvement et de contourage ISO 6983-1:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may
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5、 parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 A
6、ll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country
7、 of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedISO 6983-1:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduc
8、tion.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Program format1 5 Format make-up.2 5.1 Data block.2 5.2 Data words .2 5.3 Omitted words .3 6 Words3 6.1 All words.3 6.2 Address indexing 4 6.3 Dimension words.4 6.4 Non-dimensional words5 7 Programming methods for interpolation 6 7
9、.1 Principles6 7.2 Linear interpolation .7 7.3 Circular interpolation 8 7.4 Parabolic interpolation9 8 Tool length offset and tool offset 11 9 Tool radius (diameter) offset11 10 Cutter compensation.11 11 Thread cutting12 12 Constant surface speed12 13 Dwell .12 14 Reset states .12 14.1 General .12 1
10、4.2 Point to point and line motion controls 13 14.3 Contouring controls other than those on lathes13 14.4 Contouring controls on lathes .13 Annex A (normative) List of characters used from ISO/IEC 64614 Annex B (normative) General format classification 16 Annex C (normative) Detailed format classifi
11、cation18 Annex D (normative) Notes for program interchangeability 20 Annex E (normative) Preparatory (G) and miscellaneous (M) function codes.21 Bibliography26 ISO 6983-1:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federatio
12、n of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
13、 International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance wi
14、th the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires appro
15、val by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6983-1 was prepared by Technical Commit
16、tee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration, Subcommittee SC 1, Physical device control. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6983-1:1982), which has been technically revised. The following changes have been made to the first edition: the content has been restructur
17、ed in a more logical order; the commonly used preparatory (G) and miscellaneous (M) function codes have been grouped in one standard (see Annex E); address indexing has been introduced (see 6.2); the equal (=) sign has been added to allow for axis indexing (see 6.2.1); new data formats have been spe
18、cified to existing programming methods: helical interpolation (see 7.3); dwell time (see Clause 13); thread cutting (see Clause 11). ISO 6983 consists of the following parts, under the general title Automation systems and integration Numerical control of machines Program format and definitions of ad
19、dress words: Part 1: Data format for positioning, line motion and contouring control systems The following parts are under preparation: Part 2: Coding of miscellaneous functions M (class 1 to 8) Technical Report ISO 6983-1:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved vIntroduction ISO 6983 describes a word
20、address program format for machine control programs on different data storages, e.g. perforated tape, magnetic media, universal serial bus (USB) stick, hard disk, floppy disk, random-access memory (RAM), etc., or provided from a remote data source. ISO 6983 covers variable block format only and is n
21、ot intended to specify machine design. ISO 6983 is intended to specify the program format for the control program to be used for numerical controls (NC) on machines/machine tools. However, ISO 6983 can also be used for all kinds of geometric specifications and interactions with machines. The program
22、 format specified by ISO 6983 is commonly referred to as “G code programming” or “ISO programming”. Compliance with ISO 6983 does not guarantee interchangeability of machine control programs between different machines/machine tools. Annex D details some of the additional considerations necessary to
23、ensure this interchangeability. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6983-1:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Automation systems and integration Numerical control of machines Program format and definitions of address words Part 1: Data format for positioning, line motion and contouring control systems 1 S
24、cope This part of ISO 6983 specifies requirements and makes recommendations for a data format for positioning, line motion and contouring control systems used in the numerical control of machines. This part of ISO 6983 helps the co-ordination of system design in order to minimize the variety of prog
25、ram manuscripts required, to promote uniformity of programming techniques, and to foster interchangeability of input programs between numerically controlled machines of the same classification by type, process, function, size and accuracy. It is intended that simple numerically controlled machines b
26、e programmed using a simple format, which is systematically extensible for more complex machines. This part of ISO 6983 is not intended for use in the specialized cases of numerically controlled flame cutting machines and drafting machines used specifically and exclusively in the shipbuilding indust
27、ry. In this application, a related format (“the ESSI Format”) is specified in ISO 6582. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition o
28、f the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2806, Industrial automation systems Numerical control of machines Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2806 apply. 4 Program format The machine program shall be s
29、tructured in blocks of data, which contain sets of commands to the control system. A block shall consist of a number of words each of which is a specific instruction to the control system. A character designated “end of block” shall terminate every block of data and in addition shall precede the fir
30、st block of data. A “program start” character shall precede all control data including “end of block”. It is recommended that it should be used as an “absolute rewind stop” character. ISO 6983-1:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reservedAll alphabetic, numeric and special characters shall conform to Ann
31、ex A. Those characters required for reproducing a hard copy of the machine program, listed in Annex A as “non printing characters”, shall be ignored by the control equipment, with the exception of the LF/NL (end of block) character. If there is any group of characters that is not to be processed in
32、accordance with this part of ISO 6983, this group shall be within parenthesis characters (control out control in). Any such group shall not contain either “:” or “%” characters. This group may be processed for display purposes, e.g. as instructions to an operator. Where it is necessary to identify a
33、 machine program, this identification should be placed immediately after the program start character and before the first “end of block” character. If the identification contains alpha characters, the entire identification should be enclosed with parentheses. Where it is desired to identify a machin
34、e program number word, the program number word should be placed immediately after the first “end of block” for this identification. If the program number is greater than the system can store or display, the least significant digits shall be displayed. It is recommended that the alignment code should
35、 be used at all positions in the program at which it is permissible to start the machine sequence. When used, this code shall be as defined in 6.3. The alignment function character “:” may be used as an intermediate rewind stop character. The “/” (slash) character shall be used to provide an “option
36、al block skip” function validated at the option of the operator. When used, this character shall immediately precede the “sequence number” word. A general classification of the format shall be used to detail the capabilities of a system and machine configuration. This is called the general format cl
37、assification and is defined in Annex B. A classification of the data in a block shall be used to specify the programming detail for a system and machine configuration. This is called the detailed format classification and is described in Annex C. For position values or length values, either metric o
38、r inch units of length shall be used. When a system has the ability to use machine programs which have been prepared in either system of measurement, preparatory codes shall be used to signify whether the coded data is in metric or inch values. The mode of control shall be selected by one of the fol
39、lowing G codes (preparatory function codes): G70 inch data input; G71 metric data input. 5 Format make-up 5.1 Data block A block of data shall consist of the following: a) the sequence number word; b) the data word; Tab characters, which are optional for the tabulation of a printed copy of the data,
40、 may be inserted between words but shall be ignored by the control system. 5.2 Data words The data words shall be presented in the following sequence and shall be not repeated within one block. However, existing control systems may permit the repetition of non dimensional words, but it is recommende
41、d for maximum machine program interchangeability that this facility should not be used. ISO 6983-1:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3The sequence is as follows: a) the preparatory words “G”; b) the “dimension” words, which shall be arranged in the following sequence: X, Y, Z, U, V, W, P, Q, R, A
42、, B, C; c) the “interpolation or thread cutting lead words” I, J and K, which apply only to a specific group of axes and shall immediately follow that group; the words shall conform in detail to Clauses 7 or 11; d) the “feed function” word (or words), which applies to one or more of several axes and
43、 shall follow the last dimension word to which it applies and immediately follow the applicable interpolation parameter words; the word shall conform in detail to 6.3; e) the “spindle speed function” word (or words); f) the “tool function” word (or words); g) the “miscellaneous function” word (or wo
44、rds). 5.3 Omitted words Words may be omitted in a specific block of data. This should be understood as meaning that there is no change in the condition of the machine with respect to the function denoted by the omitted word. Therefore, the “end of block” character may be used after any complete word
45、. Instructions that are inherently executed in a single block shall be repeated whenever necessary. 6 Words 6.1 All words The address character shall be the first in the word and it shall be followed by an algebraic sign, if required, and then by digital data. The address character shall be in accor
46、dance with Annex A. The implicit position of the decimal sign shall be defined by the detailed format classification (see Annex C). All control systems shall accept implicit decimal sign programming. Optionally, the decimal sign character may be recognized. Implicit decimal sign and explicit decimal
47、 sign format shall not be mixed in any machine program. In the explicit decimal sign format mode, words from which the decimal sign is missing shall be interpreted as whole numbers. The procedure for recognition of explicit decimal sign format shall be defined in the detailed format classification (
48、see Annex C). In order to reduce the amount of data with the implicit decimal sign format, either leading zeros only, or trailing zeros only, shall be omitted. It is recommended that leading zeros should be omitted. Zero omission shall be specified in the detailed format classification (see Annex C)
49、. With explicit decimal sign format, both leading zeros before the decimal sign and trailing zeros after the decimal sign may be omitted. EXAMPLE 1 X1030 represents a dimension of 1 030 mm in the X-axis. EXAMPLE 2 X.03 represents a dimension of 0,03 mm in the X-axis. In either decimal format, a dimension containing only zeros shall be expressed by at least one zero. ISO 6983-1:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved6.2 Address indexing 6.2.1 Axis indexing For machine tools with a higher number of axe
