1、 ISO 2017 Technical product documentation Design for manufacturing, assembling, disassembling and end-of-life processing Part 1: General concepts and requirements Conception et documentation pour la fabrication, le montage, le dmontage et le traitement en fin de vie (MADE) Partie 1: Concepts gnraux,
2、 processus et exigences INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8887-1 First edition 2017-09 Reference number ISO 8887-1:2017(E) ISO 8887-1:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publi
3、cation may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the count
4、ry of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO 8887-1:2017(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms, definitions and abbr e viat ed
5、 t erms 1 4 Documentation . 2 4.1 Design aims 2 4.2 Design documentation . 3 4.3 Design brief 3 4.4 Design concept 4 4.5 Iterative stages 4 4.6 Design archives . 4 4.7 Manufacturing and assembling documentation 5 4.8 Disassembling and end-of-life processing documentation. 5 Annex A (informative) Num
6、ber of components and ease of assembling and disassembling 7 Annex B (informative) Life cycle considerations . 9 Bibliography .12 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO 8887-1:2017(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
7、standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
8、 organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended fo
9、r its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.or
10、g/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be
11、 in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning o
12、f ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. This document was prepared by Technical C
13、ommittee ISO/TC 10, Technical product documentation. A list of all parts in the ISO 8887 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 8887-1:2017(E) Introduction In recent years, policy makers throughout the world have focused their attention on ways to reduce environme
14、ntal impact. In many countries, this has led to, or will soon lead to, new incentives with the result that end-of-life processes now need to be considered at the design stage. Consequently, there is an increasing focus on not only the production of a product but also what is to be done when the user
15、 has finished with it. Thus, this document includes consideration of disassembling the product and the treatment of the components through processes such as reworking, recycling, reusing or disposing. This document aims to specify the documentation requirements for integrating these environmental as
16、pects into the design and development of products. It relates to the following four stages: With regard to production: the manufacturing of the components; the assembling of the components to produce a product. With regard to end of use: the disassembling into component parts; the end-of-life proces
17、sing of those components. It addresses the design task, irrespective of whether the designer works for a manufacturer, a design company, or is freelance. It is applicable to all types of manufactured products. This document expands the life cycle model in ISO 15226 to cover multiple life cycles. ISO
18、 2017 All rights reserved v Technical product documentation Design for manufacturing, assembling, disassembling and end-of-life processing Part 1: General concepts and requirements 1 Scope This document specifies the requirements for the preparation, content and structure of technical product docume
19、ntation (TPD) of design output for the cycles of manufacturing, assembling, disassembling and end-of-life processing of products. It describes the TPD needed at the critical stages of a design process. It identifies and describes methods and conventions appropriate to the preparation of documentatio
20、n, in whatever form, necessary to realize a design including the application to multiple life cycles. It extends beyond specification for the manufacturing and assembling of products to incorporate guidance on the ultimate reusing, recovering, recycling and disposing of the components and materials
21、used. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (inc
22、luding any amendments) applies. ISO 10209, Technical product documentation Vocabulary Terms relating to technical drawings, product definition and related documentation ISO 11442, Technical product documentation Document management 3 T erms, d efinitions and abbr e viat ed t erms 3.1 T erms and defi
23、nition s For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and abbreviated terms given in ISO 10209 and the following apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/ /www.iso.org/obp
24、 IEC Electropedia: available at http:/ /www.electropedia.org/ 3.1.1 assembling bringing together of components in a functional relationship INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 8887-1:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1 ISO 8887-1:2017(E) 3.1.2 brief working document which specifies at any point in time t
25、he relevant needs and aims, the resources of the client and user, the context of the project and any appropriate design requirements within which all subsequent briefing (when needed) and designing can take place Note 1 to entry: The term “design brief” is used interchangeably with “brief” in this d
26、ocument. SOURCE: ISO 10209:2012, 11.18, modified Note 1 to entry has been added. 3.1.3 disassembling taking apart of an assembled product into constituent materials and/or components 3.1.4 end-of-life point at which a product or component is taken out of use 3.1.5 manufacturing production of compone
27、nts 3.1.6 recycling action of reprocessing a material or component which has previously been processed for inclusion in a product 3.1.7 renewable replenishable naturally at source at a rate at least the same as consumption Note 1 to entry: This can apply to materials and energy. 3.1.8 recovery proce
28、ss in which waste material is either treated to release materials in a form where they can be used again, or used as fuel in energy recovery 3.2 Abbreviated terms TPD technical product documentation TPS technical product specification 4 Documentation 4.1 Design aims This document is intended to desc
29、ribe the considerations to be applied during the design and manufacturing processes in order to document and record the utilization of the materials and components of a product to optimize their efficient use through multiple life cycles. This holistic approach (see the schematic diagram in Figure 1
30、) has the potential to lower long-term costs and to minimize the environmental impact, for example, by reducing the need for obtaining and processing new materials. NOTE For more information on the design stages within the product development process, see, for example, ISO 11442:2006, Figure 1.2 ISO
31、 2017 All rights reserved ISO 8887-1:2017(E) Figure 1 Basic stages in the life cycle of a product 4.2 Design documentation Design documentation for manufacturing, assembling, disassembling and end-of-life processing shall be prepared, maintained, and archived so that the information is available for
32、 reference, maintenance and further development (see ISO 11442). Design documentation should include a record of the reasoning behind all basic design decisions (see 4.3 to 4.8), as well as the resulting TPS, to provide the information which may be required for further decisions. Design is an iterat
33、ive process. Each stage of the process should be recorded in the documentation. Initial options for design solutions which will meet the requirements of the design brief are assessed to find that solution with the best potential for meeting the brief. 4.3 Design brief The design brief is a documenta
34、tion collating the set of requirements which identify and define a perceived market need. The design brief includes the following, which are expanded in Table 1: establishment of market/customer need; determination of technical feasibility; assessment of serviceability; consideration of end-of-life
35、implications. Table 1 is presented in the form of a checklist of subjects to be considered as potential elements of a design brief that may be included, as appropriate. This list is not necessarily exhaustive for any particular project and the format is provided by way of example only although it mi
36、ght be of assistance to users. ISO 2017 All rights reserved 3 ISO 8887-1:2017(E) Table 1 Typical parameters for consideration in the preparation of a design brief Market/customer need Technical feasibility Serviceability End-of-life Market sensitivity Sales potential Competition Opportunities Aesthe
37、tics Price Potential for on-going development Impact on company image Performance Potential benefits of sale as a function rather than a product Confidentiality Time scale Quantity required Inclusive design Material (suitability and performance) Available processes, including quality and conformance
38、 Health and safety Prototyping Function verification Risk assessment Milestones Ease and practicality of access to relevant levels (e.g. module/component) Required tools (cost and availability) Health and safety Skills requirement Repair Upgradability Spare stock implications Materials Manufacturing
39、 processes Product operation Life cycle assessment Legal constraints Whole life costs Health and safety Recovery of materials Recycling Recovery of energy Reuse Ease and practicality of disassembling NOTE For further detail on end-of-life, see Annex B. 4.4 Design concept The output of the above proc
40、ess in 4.3 shall be the documentation of the preferred design concept. As a result of this process, new information may have become apparent which results in a modification of the original design brief. The conceptual design stage should conclude with preparation of a set of design TPD. These docume
41、nts shall form the basis for a decision on whether to proceed with the design or to conclude that the design brief (see 4.3 and Table 1) cannot be adequately met or needs revision. 4.5 Iterative stages At each refinement stage, the current state of the design shall be adequately defined to allow an
42、analysis against the requirements of the design brief (see Table 1). As the design is refined, consideration of the appropriate materials and manufacturing processes can be undertaken including the number of components and ease of assembling and disassembling (see Annex A) and life cycle considerati
43、ons (see Annex B). When the requirements are fully met, the details of the product may then be defined as a specification for manufacturing. For all but the simplest of products, the design task is usually broken down by function and level of detail, and the iterative process applied to each. All no
44、n-trivial decision processes should be documented. 4.6 Design archives Design records shall be retained for purposes beyond the manufacturing phase in accordance with ISO 11442. These typically include: a) records of design decisions and the reasoning behind them;4 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 8
45、887-1:2017(E) b) records of manufacturing decisions and the reasoning behind them; c) other design information necessary for end-of-life decisions (see Annex B); d) performance and results of modelling; e) identity of legislative requirements and standards requirements; f) product use documentation,
46、 including user and maintenance instructions; g) intellectual property rights implications (e.g. patents, software rights, etc.). 4.7 Manufacturing and assembling documentation Manufacturing and assembling documentation shall be prepared, maintained and archived so that records are available of how
47、the product is made including information about particular batches of the product or individual products. This documentation typically includes the following: a) design drawings (2D) and 3D models; b) bills of material, including materials from previous life cycles; c) purchasing information; d) man
48、ufacturing process information; e) assembling information; f) jigs and fixtures; g) relevant test specifications and results; h) system integration procedures; i) drawings/specifications for test equipment and tooling; j) copies of test certificates, certificates of conformity, traceability informat
49、ion on the materials used and other appropriate quality control information; k) manufacturing and assembling information necessary for end-of-life decisions (see 4.8). Decisions on manufacturing processes are made in a similar iterative way to the design phase (see 4.5) and should be documented in a similar way. 4.8 Disassembling and end-of-life processing documentation Documentation relevant to disassembling and end-of-life proces
