1、Reference numberNumro de rfrenceISO 9849:2000(E/F)ISO 2000INTERNATIONALSTANDARDNORMEINTERNATIONALEISO9849Second editionDeuxime dition2000-10-01Optics and optical instruments Geodeticand surveying instruments VocabularyOptique et instruments doptique Instruments godsiques etdobservation VocabulaireCo
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9、Secrtariat central ladresse donne ci-dessous. ISO 2000All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronicor mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO a
10、t the address below or ISOs member bodyin the country of the requester. / Droits de reproduction rservs. Sauf prescription diffrente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut trereproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photocopi
11、e et lesmicrofilms, sans laccord crit de lISO ladresse ci-aprsouducomit membre de lISO dans le pays du demandeur.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 Gb7 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.chWeb www.iso.chPrinted in Switzerland/Imprim en Suisseii ISO 2000
12、All rights reserved/Tous droits rservsCopyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 9849:2000(E/F) ISO 2000 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs iiiContents PageF
13、orewordvIntroduction.viiScope .11 Types of geodetic instruments.22 Parts of geodetic instruments9Annex A (informative) Equivalent German terms 21Bibliography23Alphabetical index (English)24Alphabetical index (French)27Alphabetical index (German) .30Copyright International Organization for Standardiz
14、ation Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 9849:2000(E/F)iv ISO 2000 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservsSommaire PageAvant-proposviIntroduction viiiDomaine dapplication11Typesdinstruments godsiques.22Pices des
15、 instruments godsiques9Annexe A (informative) Termes allemands quivalents21Bibliographie .23Index alphabtique (anglais)24Index alphabtique (franais) 27Index alphabtique (allemand) 30Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reprod
16、uction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 9849:2000(E/F) ISO 2000 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs vForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISOmember bodies). The work of preparing Internatio
17、nal Standards is normally carried out through ISO technicalcommittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established hasthe right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, inliaison with ISO, a
18、lso take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.Draft International Standards adopte
19、d by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subje
20、ct ofpatent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.International Standard ISO 9849 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 172, Optics and opticalinstruments, Subcommittee SC 6, Geodetic and surveying instruments.This second edition cancels and rep
21、laces the first edition (ISO 9849:1991), which has been extended to includeadditional terms relating to geodetic and surveying instruments.Annexes A and B of this International Standard are for information only.Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license wi
22、th ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 9849:2000(E/F)vi ISO 2000 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservsAvant-proposLISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux denormalisation (comits membres
23、 de lISO). Llaboration des Normes internationales est en gnral confieauxcomits techniques de lISO. Chaque comit membre intress par une tudealedroitdefairepartieducomittechnique cr cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, enliaison avec lISO, participent
24、 galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la Commissionlectrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation lectrotechnique.Les Normes internationales sont rdiges conformment aux rgles donnes dans les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 3.Les projets de Normes internationales
25、adopts par les comits techniques sont soumis aux comits membres pourvote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert lapprobation de 75 % au moins des comitsmembres votants.Lattention est appele sur le fait que certains des lmentsdelaprsente Norme internationale peuvent fairelobjet de dr
26、oits de proprit intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. LISO ne saurait tre tenue pour responsable dene pas avoir identifi de tels droits de proprit et averti de leur existence.La Norme internationale ISO 9849 a tlabore par le comit technique ISO/TC 172, Optique et instrumentsoptiques, sous-comit SC
27、6, Instruments godsiques et dobservation.Cette deuxime dition annule et remplace la premire dition (ISO 4849:1991), qui a tlargie pour inclure destermes supplmentaires concernant les instruments godsiques dobservation.Les annexes A et B de la prsente Norme internationale sont donnes uniquement titre
28、 dinformation.Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 9849:2000(E/F) ISO 2000 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs viiIntroductionThis International Standar
29、d forms one of a series concerning geodetic and surveying instruments. lt givesdefinitions of terms which may be used in the drafting of other International Standards and national standards inthis field.Only terms relating to geodetic and surveying instruments for geodetic work and their essential p
30、arts are describedin this International Standard. It is intended for both the surveyor and the non-surveyor. Every reader is requestedto use only these terms in the future so that, with time, a standard and acceptable terminology will come intocommon usage.This International Standard takes into acco
31、unt surveying traditions in English-speaking, French-speaking andGerman-speaking countries. If this International Standard is translated into other languages, the translator shouldtake into account the tradition of the country concerned rather than translating literally.The task of establishing equi
32、valent terms for this International Standard has often been complicated by the fact thatwords in different languages do not correspond exactly. In some cases the English term has a wider meaning thanthe equivalent or equivalents given, and in others the reverse is true.Copyright International Organi
33、zation for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 9849:2000(E/F)viii ISO 2000 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservsIntroductionLa prsente Norme internationale fait partie dune srie de normes portan
34、t sur les instruments godsiques etdobservation. Elle donne les dfinitions de termes que lon peut utiliser pour la rdaction dautres Normesinternationales et nationales dans ce domaine.Seuls sont dcrits dans la prsente Norme internationale les termes ayant trait aux instruments de godsie etdobservatio
35、n et leurs pices essentielles. Elle est prvue lusagedugomtreetdunon-gomtre. Il estdemandtout lecteur de nutiliser lavenir que ces termes de faon quavec le temps, une norme et uneterminologie acceptables passent dans lutilisation courante.La prsente Norme internationale tient compte des traditions de
36、s pays francophones et germanophones enmatire de godsie et dobservation. Si la prsente Norme internationale est traduite en dautres langues, ilconvient que le traducteur tienne compte de la tradition des autres pays concernsplutt que faire une traductionlittrale.La traduction des termes quivalents e
37、n franais et en allemand a souvent t complique du fait que les motsdans les diffrentes langues ne se correspondent pas exactement. Dans certains cas, le terme anglais a unesignification plus large que lquivalent ou les quivalents, et vice versa.Copyright International Organization for Standardizatio
38、n Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-INTERNATIONAL STANDARDNORME INTERNATIONALEISO 9849:2000(E/F) ISO 2000 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs 1Optics and opticalinstruments Geodetic andsurveying instruments Voc
39、abularyOptique et instrumentsdoptique Instrumentsgodsiques etdobservation VocabulaireScope Domaine dapplicationThis International Standard defines terms relating togeodetic field instruments only, e.g. distance meters,levels, theodolites and others, and their essentialcomponent parts which are norma
40、lly used interrestrial measuring operations of ordnance survey,topographic survey, plane survey and engineeringsurvey. Therefore terms concerning fields suchas the following are not mentioned, e.g.photogrammetry, astronomy, hydrographic surveyand industrial metrology.Accessories which are not necess
41、ary for thefunctioning of the instruments are not dealt with. Theterms are arranged in English alphabetical order.For practical reasons, terms in lightface type markedwith an asterisk (*) are explained only in a note or inthe context of the definition of another term. Theseterms can also be found in
42、 the alphabetical index.NOTE In addition to terms and definitions used in twoof the three official ISO languages (English and French),this International Standard gives the equivalent terms inthe German language; these are published under theresponsibility of the member body for Germany (DIN).However
43、, only the terms and definitions given in the officiallanguages can be considered as ISO terms anddefinitions.La prsente Norme internationale dfinit les termesayant trait uniquement aux instruments du domainegodsique, par exemple tlmtres, niveaux,thodolites et autres, et leurs composantsessentiels q
44、ui sont normalement utiliss dans lesoprations de mesure terrestre pour le nivellementgnral, Ia topographie, le levIa planchette et lesoprations dingnierie. Cela signifie que lesdomaines tels que photogrammtrie, astronomie,service hydrographique et mtrologie industrielle nesont pas mentionns.Les acce
45、ssoires qui ne sont pas ncessaires aufonctionnement des instruments ne sont pas traits.Les termes sont classs selon lordre alphabtiqueanglais.Pour des raisons pratiques, les termes en caractresmaigres marqusdun astrisque (*) sont expliqusuniquement dans une note ou dans le contexte de ladfinition du
46、n autre terme. Ces termes se trouventgalement dans lindex alphabtique.NOTE En plus des termes et des dfinitions utilissdans deux des langues officielles de lISO (anglais etfranais), la prsente Norme internationale donne lestermes quivalents en allemand; ceux-ci sont publis sousIa responsabilit du co
47、mit membre de IAllemagne (DIN).Cependant, seuls les termes et dfinitions donnsdansles langues officielles de lISO sont considrscommedestermes et des dfinitions ISO.Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networki
48、ng permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 9849:2000(E/F)2 ISO 2000 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs1 Types of geodetic instrument 1 Types dinstruments godsiques1.1alignment instrumentinstrument, comprising a powerful magnifyingtelescope (2.40),usedtoaimatafixed target(2.12) situated at the end of an alignmentNOTE Intermediate points can be aligned v
