1、Reference number ISO/IEC 14519:2001(E) IEEE Std 1003.5, 1999 edition INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14519 IEEE Std 1003.5 Second edition 2001-12-15 Information technology POSIX Ada Language Interfaces Binding for System Application Program Interface (API) Technologies de linformation Interfaces de l
2、angage POSIX Ada Boucle pour interface de programme dapplication systme (API)ISO/IEC 14519:2001(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedd
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5、m relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch ii International Standard ISO/IEC 14519:2001(E)IEEE Std 1003.5, 1999 Edition(Incorpora
6、tes IEEE Std 1003.5-1992, IEEE Std 1003.5b-1996, and IEEE Std 1003.5c-1998)Information technology POSIX Ada Language Interfaces Binding for System Application Program Interface (API)SponsorPortable Applications Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer SocietyApproved 17 March 2001IEEE-SA Standards B
7、oardApproved 2001International Organization for Standardization and by the International Electrotechnical Commission Published by The Institute of Electrical and Electroncis Engineeris, Inc. Abstract: This standard is part of the POSIX series of standards for applications and user inter-faces to ope
8、n systems. It defines the Ada language bindings as package specifications and accompanying textual descriptions of the application program interface (API). This standard supports application portability at the source code level through the binding between ISO 8652:1995 (Ada) and ISO/IEC 9945-1:1996
9、(IEEE Std 1003.1-1996) (POSIX) as amended by IEEE P1003.1g/D6.6. Terminology and general requirements, process primitives, the process environment, files and directories, input and output primaries, device- and class- specific functions, language-specific services for Ada, system databases, synchron
10、ization, memory management, execution scheduling, clocks and timers, message passing, task management, the XTI and socket detailed network inter-faces, event management, network support functions, and protocol-specific mappings are covered. It also specifies behavior to support the binding that must
11、 be provided by the Ada.Keywords:Ada, API, application portability, computer language bindings, information exchange, interprocess communication, networks, open systems, operating systems, portable application, POSIX, POSIX language bindings, protocol-specific, protocol-independent, real-time, socke
12、ts, thread, XTI The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New Y ork, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2001 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 2001. This printing is by the International Organization for Standardi
13、zation with special Print: ISBN 0-7381-2921-6 SH94937 PDF: ISBN 0-7381-2922-4 SS94937 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. POSIX is a registered trademark of the Institute of
14、Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. permission of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Published in SwitzerlandISO/IEC 14519:2001(E) International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission Case postale 56 CH-1211 Genve 20 Switzerland iii
15、 International Standard ISO/IEC 14519:2001(E) ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of I
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19、 be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO/IEC 14519 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 22, Programming languages, their environmen
20、ts and system software interfaces. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 14519:1999), which has been technically revised. Annex D forms a normative part of this International Standard. Annexes A, B and C are for information only. IEEE Standardsdocuments are developed wi
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32、hts in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents for which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Contents PAGE Introduction . . . . . . . v i
33、Section 1: General . . . 1 1.1 Scope . . . . . . 1 1.2 Normative References . . . . . . 3 1.3 Conformance . . 4 Section 2: Terminology and General Requirements . . 9 2.1 Editorial Conventions. 9 2.2 Denitions . . . 1 0 2.3 General Concepts . . . 3 8 2.4 PackagePOSIX. 4 2 2.5 PackagePOSIX_Options 7 6
34、 2.6 PackagePOSIX_Limits . 8 2 2.7 PackageAda_Streams 8 7 2.8 PackageSystem 8 8 2.9 PackageSystem_Storage_Elements . 8 9 2.10 PackagePOSIX_Page_Alignment . 9 0 2.11 Environment Description . . . . . 9 1 Section 3: Process Primitives . 9 5 3.1 PackagePOSIX_Process_Primitives 9 5 3.2 PackagePOSIX_Unsa
35、fe_Process_Primitives.1 0 8 3.3 PackagePOSIX_Signals 1 1 5 Section 4: Process Environment . . . . . 1 4 9 4.1 PackagePOSIX_Process_Identification .1 4 9 4.2 PackagePOSIX_Process_Times 1 5 6 4.3 PackagePOSIX_Process_Environment .1 5 7 4.4 PackagePOSIX_Calendar1 6 4 4.5 PackagePOSIX_Configurable_Syste
36、m_Limits 1 6 7 Section 5: Files and Directories . . . . . . 1 7 5 5.1 PackagePOSIX_Permissions .1 7 5 5.2 PackagePOSIX_Files 1 7 8 5.3 PackagePOSIX_File_Status .1 9 0 5.4 PackagePOSIX_Configurable_File_Limits .1 9 4 Section 6: I/O Primitives . . . .2 0 5 6.1 PackagePOSIX_IO 2 0 5 ii 6.2 PackagePOSIX
37、_File_Locking.2 3 2 6.3 PackagePOSIX_Asynchronous_IO 2 3 4 Section 7: Device and ClassSpecic Functions . . 2 5 3 7.1 General Terminal Interface . . . 2 5 3 7.2 PackagePOSIX_Terminal_Functions 2 6 0 Section 8: LanguageSpecic Services for Ada . . . 2 7 9 8.1 Interoperable Ada I/O Services . 2 7 9 8.2
38、PackagePOSIX_Supplement_to_Ada_IO.2 8 3 Section 9: System Databases .2 8 7 9.1 PackagePOSIX_User_Database 2 8 7 9.2 PackagePOSIX_Group_Database .2 8 9 Section 10: Data Interchange Format . . 2 9 3 Section 11: Synchronization . .2 9 5 11.1 PackagePOSIX_Semaphores 2 9 5 11.2 PackagePOSIX_Mutexes 3 0 4
39、 11.3 PackagePOSIX_Condition_Variables .3 1 4 Section 12: Memory Management . . . . 3 2 3 12.1 PackagePOSIX_Memory_Locking .3 2 4 12.2 PackagePOSIX_Memory_Range_Locking.3 2 6 12.3 PackagePOSIX_Memory_Mapping .3 2 8 12.4 PackagePOSIX_Shared_Memory_Objects 3 3 7 12.5 PackagePOSIX_Generic_Shared_Memory
40、 3 4 1 Section 13: Execution Scheduling . . . . . 3 4 9 13.1 Scheduling Concepts and Terminology . . . . .3 4 9 13.2 PackagePOSIX_Process_Scheduling 3 4 9 13.3 Task Scheduling . . . .3 5 4 13.4 Synchronization Scheduling . . . 3 5 6 Section 14: Clocks and Timers . . . . . . 3 5 7 14.1 PackagePOSIX_T
41、imers .3 5 7 14.2 High Resolution Delay . . . . . . 3 6 6 Section 15: Message Passing .3 6 7 15.1 PackagePOSIX_Message_Queues .3 6 7 Section 16: Task Management . . . . . . 3 8 3 16.1 PackageAda_Task_Identification .3 8 3 Section 17: Detailed Network Interface XTI . . . . 3 8 5 17.1 Introduction . .
42、3 8 5 17.2 States and Events . . .3 9 1 17.3 The Use of Options . .3 9 9 17.4 PackagePOSIX_XTI .4 1 0 iii Section 18: Detailed Network Interface Socket . . 4 8 7 18.1 Introduction . .4 8 7 18.2 Events and States . . .4 8 9 18.3 Use of Options .4 9 8 18.4 PackagePOSIX_Sockets 4 9 8 Section 19: Event
43、Management . . . . . . 5 3 5 19.1 PackagePOSIX_Event_Management5 3 5 Annex A (informative) Bibliography . . . 5 4 7 Annex B (informative) Rationale and Notes . . . . . . .5 4 9 B.1 General . . . . .5 4 9 B.2 Terminology and General Requirements . . . .5 6 3 B.3 Process Primitives . . .5 7 5 B.4 Proc
44、ess Environment .5 9 2 B.5 Files and Directories .5 9 8 B.6 Input and Output Primitives . . 6 0 2 B.7 Device and ClassSpecic Functions . . . . 6 1 0 B.8 LanguageSpecic Services for Ada . . . . . 6 1 0 B.9 System Databases . . .6 2 1 B.10 Data Interchange Format . . . . 6 2 3 B.11 Synchronization . .
45、 . .6 2 3 B.12 Memory Management.6 2 9 B.13 Execution Scheduling .6 3 4 B.14 Clocks and Timers . . .6 3 9 B.15 Message Passing . . . .6 4 2 B.16 Task Identication . .6 4 3 B.17 ThreadSpecic Data .6 4 3 B.18 Detailed Network Interface XTI6 4 3 B.19 Detailed Network Interface Socket . . . . 6 4 6 B.20
46、 Network Support Functions . . . 6 4 7 B.21 Protocol Mappings Annex . . . . 6 4 8 Annex C (informative) Ada/C CrossReferences . . . 6 5 1 C.1 AdatoC CrossReference . . . .6 5 1 C.2 CtoAda CrossReference . . . .6 8 1 Annex D (normative) Protocol Mappings . 7 1 3 D.1 Sockets Protocol Mappings . . . .
47、7 1 3 D.2 XTI Protocol Mappings . . . . . . 7 5 9 Alphabetic Topical Index . . . .8 1 9 TABLES Table1.1 Sockets and XTI Package Renaming . . . . . 5 Table2.1 Typographical Conventions . . 9 iv Table2.2 Constant and Subtype Correspondences . . 5 2 Table2.3 Option Set Comparisons . . . . 6 0 Table2.4
48、Static Subtypes and Options . 8 1 Table2.5 Portable Constants and Limits 8 6 Table2.6 Static Subtypes and Limits . . 8 8 Table3.1 Default Actions for Job Control Signals . . .1 2 7 Table4.1 Functions for SystemWide Options . . . 1 7 2 Table4.2 Congurable System Limits . 1 7 4 Table6.1 Standard File
49、Descriptors . . . 2 0 9 Table6.2 Error Codes and AIO Status Values . . . . .2 4 7 Table7.1 Terminal_Characteristics Components2 6 3 Table7.2 Terminal_Modes Values for Input Control . . . .2 6 5 Table7.3 Terminal_Modes Values for Output Control . . .2 6 7 Table7.4 Terminal_Modes Values for Hardware Control . .2 6 7 Table7.5 Terminal_Modes Values for Local Control Modes . . . . . . 2
