1、Information technology for learning, education and training A reference framework of e-Portfolio information Techonologies de linformation pour lapprentissage, lducation et la formation Un cadre de rfrence pour linformation des e-Portfolios ISO/IEC TS 20013 First edition 2015-07-15 Reference number
2、ISO/IEC TS 20013:2015(E) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/IEC 2015 ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by
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4、 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO/IEC TS 20013:2015(E) ISO/IEC TS 20013:2015(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 T erms and definitions . 2 3 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 4 4 e-Portfolios and e-learning 4 4
5、.1 Role of e-Portfolios 4 4.2 Classifying e-Portfolios 5 4.3 Benefits of e-Portfolios . 6 5 Reference Framework of e-Portfolio Information . 7 5.1 Introduction 7 5.2 Conceptual representation of e-Portfolio information . 7 5.3 Common categories found in e-Portfolio Use cases 8 5.4 Content component
6、structure .10 5.4.1 Identification category . 11 5.4.2 Overview category .12 5.4.3 Education category .12 5.4.4 Career category 12 5.4.5 Outcomes category12 5.4.6 Capability category .13 5.4.7 Experience category 13 5.5 Functional Component of e-Portfolio systems .14 Annex A (informative) Use cases
7、of e-Portfolio 17 Annex B (informative) Study cases of e-Portfolio interoperability 35 Bibliography .38 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO/IEC TS 20013:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission
8、) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and
9、IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC
10、JTC 1. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with t
11、he editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
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13、ment. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee respons
14、ible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education and training.iv ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved ISO/IEC TS 20013:2015(E) Introduction e-Portfolios have been deployed in many contexts that span educational, employmen
15、t, artistic, and social contexts. In education, they have demonstrated their potential to enhance the development of learners and to support the work of educators, administrators, and others, through streamlining information management processes, developing learner autonomy and metacognition, and fo
16、stering the personal and professional development of individuals. However, this broad implementation has also brought with it issues related to interoperability, accessibility, and usability of both systems and content. This Technical Specification has been developed to support the creation and use
17、of e-Portfolios to support learning, education and training. It can be used to develop more responsive, flexible and modular systems and services that will support learners, instructors, e-learning service providers and other stakeholders in their activities related to e-Portfolio creation and use a
18、cross various ITLET contexts (such as K-12 education, higher education training, career planning and professional development). With on-going developments in ICT learners have access to an increasing diversity of learning, education, and training opportunities. Production of educational content and
19、services as a consequence of developments in ICT extends the scope of opportunities for learning, providing potential for learners to experience personalized and adaptive opportunities that also may enhance their learning and improve their abilities. Content and services are delivered to or accessed
20、 by learners as well as produced and managed by them. ITLET systems therefore need to be designed to accommodate this. For example, a common feature of most e-Portfolio systems is that their owners not only author the content but also control selection and presentation of it. In some jurisdictions t
21、his key function is seen as integral to personal development planning (PDP). A key characteristic of e-Portfolio systems for ITLET stakeholders is the data or information that is utilized for e-Portfolios can provide instructors, trainers, administrators, and employers with an efficient means of app
22、raisal, management, and decision making. This key characteristic also benefits learners through providing opportunities to reflect on their own learning and career development. e-Portfolios thus provide an opportunity to monitor the development of an individuals achievements, skills and competencies
23、 within and beyond formal education and training contexts. One means of delivering such functionality is via a management system, such as an integrated Learning Management system (LMS) or Human Resource management System (HRMS) that can be used to monitor and organize learners learning; however, unb
24、undled applications and services can also provide such functionality and components of e-Portfolio system functionality can exist in a highly distributed manner. For these reasons, implementing e-Portfolios has the potential to be an efficient method for tracking learning history, documenting activi
25、ties within learning, education, and training, supporting peer and self- assessment as well as professional development in the workplace. Consideration of how e-Portfolios may be used within teaching and learning environments has therefore been central to shaping this document. In order to encourage
26、 streamlined management and exchange of participant information and associated data, such as the evidentiary information contained in an e-Portfolio, a standardized approach is necessary. Through the standardization of e-Portfolio system components (that is, IT systems and services that enable e-Por
27、tfolios), common underlying structures will provide the potential to share data across and among different applications, thus improving interoperability. This Technical Specification provides a reference framework for the use of e-Portfolios within ITLET contexts where there are requirements for imp
28、orting, exporting, and aggregating data. The reference framework has been developed with the aim of supporting interoperability and transfer of information among ICT systems and services where data interchange is required for e-Portfolio systems. It is intended to be used by learners, instructors, s
29、oftware developers, implementers, instructional designers, and others within learning, education, and training environments that are supported by information technology. This Technical Specification includes six clauses and two annexes. The first clause provides the scope, exclusions, and aspects no
30、t currently addressed. The second and third clauses include the normative references and terms and definitions respectively. The fourth clause provides background information regarding e-Portfolios. The fifth clause describes various types of e-Portfolios used in learning, education, and training co
31、ntexts and provides an approach to classifying them. The e-Portfolio reference framework ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved v ISO/IEC TS 20013:2015(E) is then detailed in clause six. The annexes include use case information that has been submitted by national bodies (Annex A) and study cases of e-Port
32、folio interoperability (Annex B).vi ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/IEC TS 20013:2015(E) Information technology for learning, education and training A reference framework of e-Portfolio information 1 Scope This Technical Specification details a reference framework of e-P
33、ortfolio implementation that can be used to inform and support development of ITLET systems that meet the requirements of learners, instructors, e-learning service providers and others in contexts such as K-12 education, higher education, training and development. The reference framework identifies
34、content and functional components that support e-Portfolio systems and interoperability issues that need to be addressed in data exchange between these components and interoperability issues that need to be addressed in data exchange between the two component types (content and functional) and among
35、 the various categories. This Technical Specification: provides an e-Portfolio reference framework; provides descriptions of e-Portfolios in terms of components, categories, and elements; provides descriptions of e-Portfolios in terms of component types (content or functional), categories, elements,
36、 and items; identifies commonalities of current implementations of e-Portfolios; and, represents the needs of stakeholders (e.g. learners, instructors, etc.). The scope of this Technical Specification does not include: in-depth technical review of issues related to adaptability to culture, language,
37、 and human functions; security techniques related to the protection of privacy information; authentication of the identity of an IT or ITLET system user; how e-Portfolios might integrate with ITLET systems; and specific requirements of e-Portfolios or e-Portfolio systems to meet jurisdictional domai
38、n requirements. This Technical Specification currently does not address: aspects of accessibility. the elements required of learner and instructor; best practices of e-portfolio use cases in the fields on K-12 education, higher education and training; guides to support the use of e-Portfolios in lea
39、rning, education, and training environments; and detailed technical information regarding specific types of e-portfolios (e.g. learning, teaching, assessment, presentation, personal development, career, course, program, institutional, or other). It is anticipated that some or all of these requiremen
40、ts may be addressed in future editions of ISO/IEC 20013, or in companion International Standards or Technical Reports. ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved 1 ISO/IEC TS 20013:2015(E) 2 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 category typ
41、es of components (2.2) 2.2 component set of constituent parts that comprises an e-Portfolio (2.5) Note 1 to entry: An e-portfolio component may be either a content component or a functional component. Note 2 to entry: A content component makes learner information explicit so that it can be matched t
42、o resources. The following are content components for e-portfolio information: identification, synopsis, education, career, outcomes, capability, and experience. Note 3 to entry: A functional component is used to identify and support interoperability and may include “layers” of entities such as busi
43、ness requirements and processes, technical services, and data sources. SOURCE: ISO 16175-2:2011, 3.7 Modified: in the definition, “a digital record” has been replaced with “an e-Portfolio”; the 3 Notes to the entry have been added. 2.3 e-learning learning (2.9) facilitated by information and communi
44、cations technology SOURCE: ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008, 2.18 2.4 element unit of data for which the definition, identification, representation and permissible values are specified by means of a set of attributes SOURCE: ISO/IEC 6523-1:1998, 3.3 Note 1 to entry: A component can contain one or more elements.
45、 Note 2 to entry: An element is part of the e-Portfolio framework and a label to indicate a layer within the e-Portfolio framework. An example is Career Planning, which is an element of the category of Experience. 2.5 e-Portfolio collection of digital items aggregated within an IT system (2.7) used
46、for a diversity of purposes to support LET and professional development activities through automated and manual means and is used for a diversity of purposes EXAMPLE An e-Portfolio may be used: a) to store personal or professional electronic artefacts; b) as a personal or professional journal to sup
47、port reflective learning; c) as a collation of evidence of learning, experience, and achievement; d) to support lifelong learning and on-going transitions between education and workplace environments; e) to support collation and integration of informal learning into formal settings; and, f) to prese
48、nt selected views of content to prospective and existing employers and educators.2 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved ISO/IEC TS 20013:2015(E) 2.6 e-Portfolio system instance of an information technology system (2.7) designed and implemented specifically to support the creation, use, and management of
49、 e-Portfolios (2.5) Note 1 to entry: An e-Portfolio system may be coupled (sets of) IT applications and services. 2.7 information technology system IT system set of one or more computers, associated software, peripherals, terminals, human operations, physical processes, information transfer means, that form an autonomous whole, capable of performing information processing and/or information transfer SOURCE: ISO/IEC 14662:2010, 3.13 2.8 item unit of discrete data t
