1、2014 年 4 月全国自考(国际商务英语)真题试卷及答案解析(总分:92.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词组英译汉(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.economic globalization(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_2.political entity(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_3.free trade area(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_4.banknotes(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_5.legal obligations(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_6.BOT(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_7.trademark(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_8.stapl
2、e goods(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_9.council of ministers(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_10.parent company(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_二、词组汉译英(总题数:10,分数:20.00)货号填空项 1:_12.初级产品(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_13.销售合同(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_14.混合关税(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_货舱填空项 1:_汇款填空项 1:_红利填空项 1:_仲裁填空项 1:_19.远期汇票(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_20.证券投资(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_三、配对题(总题数:1,分数:20.00)a
3、. to bring under the control or ownership of a nationb. legal prosecutionc. different forms of transportationd. the act of a government in reducing by law the exchange value of its currency in units of gold or as compared with other currenciese. to take what is needed from, to exploitf. the bank tha
4、t adds its own commitment to an L/Cg. route that avoids a blocked road; deviation h. competence i. total resources of a business, such as cash, accounts receivable, real estates, etc. j. that which incites, rouses or encourages a person(分数:20.00)(1).tap(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(2).detour(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(3).n
5、ationalize(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(4).incentive(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(5).law suit(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(6).assets(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(7).qualifications(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(8).devaluation(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(9).confirming bank(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(10).modes(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_四、名词解释(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.gold standard(分数:2.00)_22.insurable inte
6、rest(分数:2.00)_23.revolving credit(分数:2.00)_24.soft loans(分数:2.00)_25.VER(分数:2.00)_五、简答题(总题数:4,分数:8.00)26.What is a letter of credit?(分数:2.00)_27.What are common carriers?(分数:2.00)_28.What is documentary collection?(分数:2.00)_29.The Bill of Lading has three functions. What are they?(分数:2.00)_六、句子英译汉(总
7、题数:2,分数:4.00)30.Economic activities began with the caveman, who was economically self-sufficient. As the primitive population grew and developed, the principle of division of labor evolved. One person was more able to perform some activity than another, and therefore each person concentrated on what
8、 he did best.(分数:2.00)_31.As a responsible large nation, China has been doing a lot in honoring its commitments for entering the WTO. In a short span of three years, China amended over 2, 300 laws and regulations of which over 800 were abolished. The overall tariff level was lowered from about 40% t
9、o 10. 5% . Non-tariff measures including quota and import license were removed step by step.(分数:2.00)_七、句子汉译英(总题数:5,分数:10.00)32.中国现在的人均收入为 1 100 美元以上,为中等收入国家,但几年前它还是个低收入国家。(分数:2.00)_33.毫无疑问,一个没有先进运输系统的社会仍然是一个原始落后的社会。(分数:2.00)_34.比较利益理论已经成为国际贸易思想的基石。(分数:2.00)_35.该银行的贷款是向处于经济和社会发展较高阶段的发展中国家提供的。(分数:2.0
10、0)_36.为了促进较不发达国家的工业化进程,西方国家必须向新兴国家的制造业产品开放市场。(分数:2.00)_2014 年 4 月全国自考(国际商务英语)真题试卷答案解析(总分:92.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词组英译汉(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.economic globalization(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:经济全球化)解析:解析:economic 意为“经济的”;globalization 意为“全球化”。2.political entity(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:政治实体)解析:解析:political
11、意为“政治的”;entity 意为“实体,存在”。3.free trade area(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:自由贸易区)解析:解析:free 意为“自由的”;trade 意为“贸易”;area 意为“区域”。4.banknotes(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:纸币,钞票)解析:解析:banknotes 意为“纸币,钞票”。5.legal obligations(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:法律义务)解析:解析:legal 意为“法律的”;obligations 意为“义务,职责”。6.BOT(分数:2.00)填
12、空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:建设、经营、移交)解析:解析:build 意为“建设”;operate 意为“经营”;transfer 意为“移交”。7.trademark(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:商标)解析:解析:trademark 意为“商标”。8.staple goods(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:大路货)解析:解析:staple 意为“大宗生产的,常用的”;goods 意为“货物”。9.council of ministers(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:部长理事会)解析:解析:council 意为
13、“委员会,会议”;ministers 意为“部长,大臣”。10.parent company(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:母公司)解析:解析:parent 意为“父母”;company 意为“公司”。二、词组汉译英(总题数:10,分数:20.00)货号填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:article number)解析:解析:article 意为“物品”;number 意为“号码”。12.初级产品(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:primary commodities)解析:解析:primary 意为“初级的”;commodities 意为“
14、商品,产品”。13.销售合同(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:sales contract)解析:解析:sales 意为“销售”;contract 意为“合同”。14.混合关税(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:compound duties)解析:解析:compound 意为“合成,混合”;duties 意为“关税”。货舱填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:cargo compartment)解析:解析:cargo 意为“货物”;compartment 意为“隔间,区划”。汇款填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:remittance)解析:解析:
15、remittance 意为“汇款”。红利填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:bonus)解析:解析:bonus 意为“红利”。仲裁填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:arbitration)解析:解析:arbitration 意为“仲裁”。19.远期汇票(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:usance draft)解析:解析:usance 意为“票据期限”;draft 意为“汇票”。20.证券投资(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:portfolio investment)解析:解析:portfolio 意为“证券投资组合”;investment 意
16、为“投资”。三、配对题(总题数:1,分数:20.00)a. to bring under the control or ownership of a nationb. legal prosecutionc. different forms of transportationd. the act of a government in reducing by law the exchange value of its currency in units of gold or as compared with other currenciese. to take what is needed fro
17、m, to exploitf. the bank that adds its own commitment to an L/Cg. route that avoids a blocked road; deviation h. competence i. total resources of a business, such as cash, accounts receivable, real estates, etc. j. that which incites, rouses or encourages a person(分数:20.00)(1).tap(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正
18、确答案:正确答案:e)解析:(2).detour(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:g)解析:(3).nationalize(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:a)解析:(4).incentive(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:j)解析:(5).law suit(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:b)解析:(6).assets(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:i)解析:(7).qualifications(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:h)解析:(8).devalu
19、ation(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:d)解析:(9).confirming bank(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:f)解析:(10).modes(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:c)解析:四、名词解释(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.gold standard(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The earliest international monetary system was known as the gold standard under which countries pledged to c
20、hange their paper currencies into gold when requested to do so)解析:解析:最早的国际货币体系称作金本位制,在这个体制下各国承诺在受到要求时将其货币由纸币兑换为黄金。22.insurable interest(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Insurable interest holds that no one may insure anything unless he has an interest in it,which means that if the thing insured is preserved he w
21、ill derive a benefit from its preservation,but if it is in any way damaged or lost the assured will be adversely affectedEvery contract of insurance requires an insurable interest to support it,or otherwise it is invalid and any claim made upon it will not be entertained)解析:解析:可保权益原则认为只有在一件事情中得到利益才能
22、投保。这意味着,如果这投保的东西得到了保护,投保人能从这种保护中得到利益。但如果它受到损坏或丢失,投保方就会受到负面影响。每一份保险合同都需要有可保利益的支持,否则它就是无效的,任何根据此合同提出的索赔都不会受理。23.revolving credit(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:If a credit stipulates that its amount can be renewed or reinstated without specific amendment to the credit being made,it is then a revolving credit)解析:
23、解析:如果信用证规定,其金额用过后,在未对其进行特定修改的情况下,即可以重新恢复到原金额,这种信用证就是循环信用证。24.soft loans(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Soft loans are loans with significant risk of not being repaid)解析:解析:软贷款即得不到偿还的风险相当大的贷款。25.VER(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Voluntary Export Restraint)解析:解析:VER 为 Voluntary Export Restraint 的首字母缩写,意为自愿出口限制。五、简答题(总题数:4
24、,分数:8.00)26.What is a letter of credit?(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The credit is a letter issued by a bank at the request of the importer in which the bank promises to pay upon presentation of the relevant documentsIt is actually a conditional bank undertaking of payments)解析:解析:信用证是银行在进口人的要求下所签发的信函,在此函中,银行
25、许诺在卖方提交有关单据后付款。它实际上是锒行有条件的付款承诺。27.What are common carriers?(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Common carriers are privately or publicly owned companies committed to performing a movement service of the same quality for all shippers on an equal basis and without discrimination)解析:解析:公共承运人是私有或公有企业向所有货主承诺在平等、无歧视的基础上
26、履行同等质量的移动服务。28.What is documentary collection?(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:In documentary collection,the exporter sends the draft and the shipping documents representing title to the goods to his bank,which forwards them to another bank in the importers country,which in turn contacts the customer)解析:解析:跟单托收
27、是指在卖方(出口商)所开具汇票以外,附有货运单据的托收。29.The Bill of Lading has three functions. What are they?(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The Bill of Lading is one of the most important documents and has three major functions:(1)It serves as a cargo receipt signed by the carrier and issued to the shipper or consignor;(2)It constit
28、utes a contract of carriage between the carrier and the consignor;(3)It is a document of title to the goods,and the legal holder of the bill of lading is the owner of the goods it covers)解析:解析:提单的三个主要作用:(1)它是由承运人签发给托运人即发货人的货物收据。(2)它是承运人和发货人之间的运输合同。(3)它是货物的物权凭证,提单的合法持有人就是提单中货物的所有人。六、句子英译汉(总题数:2,分数:4.
29、00)30.Economic activities began with the caveman, who was economically self-sufficient. As the primitive population grew and developed, the principle of division of labor evolved. One person was more able to perform some activity than another, and therefore each person concentrated on what he did be
30、st.(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:由穴居人开始就有了经济活动,穴居人在经济上自给自足。随着原始人口的增长和发展,劳动分工的原则逐渐产生发展。一个人会比另一个人更有能力完成一些活动,因而每个人都集中精力干他最擅长的事。)解析:解析:本段为教材第五课课后练习题节选,学生可根据学过的商务知识进行翻译,翻译时注意重要单词及短语。31.As a responsible large nation, China has been doing a lot in honoring its commitments for entering the WTO. In a short span of th
31、ree years, China amended over 2, 300 laws and regulations of which over 800 were abolished. The overall tariff level was lowered from about 40% to 10. 5% . Non-tariff measures including quota and import license were removed step by step.(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:作为一个负责任的大国,中国一直都在努力履行其为加人世贸组织做出的承诺。在短短的三年之
32、内,中国修订了 2300 余个法律法规,其中 800 多个被废止。总体关税水平已从 40降到了 105。配额、进口许可证等非关税措施正在逐步取消。)解析:解析:本段为教材第二十一课课文原文,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:nation:国家;commitment:承诺;WTO:世界贸易组织;amend:修改;改善;abolish:废除,废止;tariff:关税;quota:配额;import license:进口许可证;step by step:逐步地。七、句子汉译英(总题数:5,分数:10.00)32.中国现在的人均收入为 1 100 美元以上,为中等收入国家,但几年前它还是个低收入
33、国家。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:China with a per capita income of over $1100 is a middle-income country though it was a low income country just a few years ago)解析:解析:本句为教材第二课课文原句,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:per capita income:人均收入;middleincome country:中等收入国家;low income country:低收入国家。33.毫无疑问,一个没有先进运输系统的社会仍然是一个原始落后的社会
34、。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:A society without an advanced transportation system remains primitive)解析:解析:本句为教材第十四课课文原句,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:society:社会;advanced:先进的;transportation system:运输系统;primitive:原始的。34.比较利益理论已经成为国际贸易思想的基石。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The idea of absolute advantage has become the cornerstone o
35、f modern thinking on international trades)解析:解析:本句为教材第五课课文原句,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:the idea of absolute advantage:绝对利益理论;cornerstone:基石;international trade:国际贸易。35.该银行的贷款是向处于经济和社会发展较高阶段的发展中国家提供的。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Loans of that bank give directed toward developing countries at more advanced stages o
36、f economic and social growth)解析:解析:本句为教材第十八课课文原句,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:loan:贷款;developing countries:发展中国家;advanced:先进的;stage:阶段;economic:经济的;social:社会的。36.为了促进较不发达国家的工业化进程,西方国家必须向新兴国家的制造业产品开放市场。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:In order to push the industrialization of the developing countries,west countries should open markets to the manufacturing industry of emerging countries)解析:解析:本句并非教材内容,学生可根据所学知识进行翻译,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:in order to:为了;push:推动;industrialization:工业化;manufacturing industry:制造业;emerging countries:新兴国家。