1、专升本英语-400 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、 Phonetics(总题数：1，分数：5.00) A. ought B. drought C. thought D. bought（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.二、 Vocabulary and Str(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.He left in a hurry that I _ had time to thank him. A. hardly B. nearly C. almost D. even（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2
2、.Girls are often _ of snakes A. afraid B. fear C. surprised D. against（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Something bad has happened _ the family last night. A. to B. for C. of D. toward（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Is this the _ that you are late again? A. season B. cause C. reason D. excuse（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The family is to
3、o poor to _ the three children _ school. A. send. for B. take to C. send. to D. bring. to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.We should _ attention _ spelling. A. pay. on B. pay. for C. pay. of D. pay. to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Mother has _ to give her a watch on her 20th birthday. A. asked B. promised C. allowed D. advis
4、ed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Im sure that they will _ the game. A. beat B. succeed C. success in D. win（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.No matter how hard he worked, _. A
5、. he could not do any better B. and he could not do any better C. so he could not do any better. D. but he could not do any better（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.He _ an expensive gift on his birthday, but he didnt _ it. A. accepted. received B. receive. accept C. received. accept D. got. receive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
6、D.12.Whose _ is it to answer the question this time? A. time B. position C. duty D. turn（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He is sitting _ of the car with the driver. A. in front B. in the front C. on the front D. front（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The story _ many years ago. A. take place B. took the place C. took place D.
7、 happen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The thought _ he might be a scientist some day encouraged him to study hard. A. whether B. that C. how D. why（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、 Cloze(总题数：1，分数：30.00)A recent development is the local area network (LAN). (21) its name implies, it (22) a local areapossibly as small as a sin
8、gle room, typically an area like an university campus or the premises of a particular business. Local area networks were developed to (23) a need specific to microcomputersthe sharing of expensive resources. Microcomputers are cheap, (24) highcapacity disc stores, fast and/or good quality printers,
9、etc. are expensive. The object of the LAN is to allow (25) microcomputers shared access to these expensive resources. Since the microcomputers are (26) , it is a necessary feature of a LAN that the method of connection to the network, and the network hardware (27) , must also be cheap.A local area n
10、etwork links a number of computers and a number of sewers (28) provide communal facilities, e. g. file storage. (A server usually includes a small microprocessor for control purposes.) The computers and servers are known (29) stations. There are two methods of (30) in common use, tings and broadcast
11、 networks.In the ring method( often called a Cambridge Ring)all the stations are linked in a ring, (31) includes one special station, the monitor station.In broadcast networks, all the stations are (32) to a single linear cable (usually co-ax cable), and any transmission will be received by all stat
12、ions.(33) technology is used, local area networks are a development of the greatest importance. (34) as programming is simplified by an approach that thinks in terms of small procedures or programs, each doing a well-defined job, the computer system of tomorrow is likely to be (35) lots of small sys
13、tems, each doing a specific job, linked by a local area network.（分数：30.00）A.AsB.LikeC.SinceD.BecauseA.servedB.servesC.likeD.likesA.adaptB.satisfiedC.contentD.meetA.andB.butC.yetD.soA.a great deal ofB.a lotC.a number ofD.a bit ofA.cheapB.expensiveC.dearD.goodA.itselfB.themselvesC.itD.itsA.whatB.which
14、C.theyD.whenA.forB.asC.ofD.toA.linkedB.linkingC.to linkD.linksA.thatB.whoC.whenD.whichA.associatedB.connectedC.touchD.relatedA.WhateverB.WhicheverC.WhereverD.WhoeverA.In this wayB.In a wayC.In the same wayD.By the wayA.made up ofB.consist ofC.make up ofD.compose of四、 Reading Comprehens(总题数：0，分数：0.00
15、)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an ea
16、rly reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I d
17、o have a crystalclear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all, the insects.I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasm had led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the mi
18、dnight oil while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers, an
19、d books, which some might honour with the title of scientific research.But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: one the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not onl
20、y self-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.（分数：12.00）(1).The first paragraph tells us the author _.（分数：3.00）A.was interested in flowers and insects in his ch
21、ildhoodB.lost his hearing when he was a childC.didnt like his brothers and sistersD.was born to a naturalists family(2).The author cant remember his relatives clearly because _.（分数：3.00）A.he didnt live very long with themB.the family was extremely largeC.he was too young when he lived with themD.he
22、was fully occupied with observing natur(3).It can he inferred from the passage that the author was _.（分数：3.00）A.a scientist as well as a naturalistB.a naturalist but not a scientistC.no more than a born naturalistD.first of all a scientist(4).The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a sci
23、entist probably because he thinks he _.（分数：3.00）A.has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmeticB.lacks some of the qualities required of a scientistC.just reads about other peoples observations and discoveriesD.comes up with solutions in a most natural way六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Have you
24、ever been startled by a loud noise or by someone appearing suddenly behind you on dark night or by a snake in the grass? Do you remember the sudden, tight feeling in your chest, the way your heart started go pound, the way you seemed to breathe more rapidly? Such reactions occurred because you were
25、frightened. Your brain sent a signal to the special gland (腺) in your body caned the adrenal (肾上的) gland. Other parts of your body were involved, too, but the adrenal gland has a very special function.The adrenal gland is located on top of your kidney. Since you have two kidneys. You also have two a
26、drenal glands. Each adrenal gland is divided into two parts: a cortex (外皮) and a medulla (髓质). The cortex forms the outer shell; the medulla forms the central core. Both the cortex and the medulla secrete (分泌) hormones, but they have different functions.The cortex produces more than forty different
27、chemical compounds and hormones. All these things are essential to sustain life. The medulla secretes adrenalin (also called epinephrine, the hormone that prepares the body for emergencies.)When you are suddenly faced with a dangerous or stressful situation, part of your brain instantly sends a sign
28、al to the adrenal gland, and all sorts of things begin to your body. The medulla releases an extra amount of adrenalin into the bloodstream. The adrenalin is carried rapidly throughout the body, stimulating other glands and systems.（分数：12.00）(1).In this passage, the author is mainly discussing the f
29、unction of _.（分数：3.00）A.the human brainB.glands and systems in the bodyC.the cortex of the adrenal glandD.the medulla of the adrenal gland(2).Which of the following is NOT true?（分数：3.00）A.The adrenal gland is located on top of the kidney.B.Each kidney is composed of two adrenal glands.C.The medulla
30、is inside the cortex.D.The cortex and the medulla have different functions.(3).It is _ that mainly helps you respond to a dangerous or stressful situation.（分数：3.00）A.a signal sent by your brainB.the special function of the adrenal glandC.all stimulated parts of your bodyD.All of these(4).What could
31、be said about the adrenalin?（分数：3.00）A.It is secreted by the kidneys into the bloodstream.B.It is hormone that prepares the body for emergencies.C.It is the only useful hormone produced in the body.D.It is essential to sustain lif七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：12.00)One of the industrial giants who change
32、d American society was Henry Ford horn on a farm in Michigan in 1863, and he grew up to bring forth some of the most revolutionary improvements in automotive technology in the early 20th century. His outstanding mechanical ability led him to become interested in the new automobiles in the early 1900
33、s. Though be did not invent the automobile, he improved upon everyone elses designs. He was a person who believed in inexpensive, efficient production, so he established standards for his plants and workers. He also standardized and produced many new auto parts for his Ford Motor Company cars. Then
34、he studied the workers problems and thousands of automobiles per year. In fact, his plants had produced 15 million Model TS by 1927. Fords personality was not all thrift (节俭), efficiency and inventiveness, however. He was a man who was cold and who could not keep pace with the competition due to his
35、 own rigidity (严格). His company suffered because of his desire to maintain the existing state instead of meeting and beating the competition by changing his products. Finally, he saw that he must change or fail, therefore, he introduced a newtype engine and once again took over the automobile market
36、. Ford left a legacy of millions of dollars, millions of jobs for American workers, and millions of satisfied customers.（分数：12.00）(1).Henry Ford changed the American society _.（分数：3.00）A.through great social revolutionB.through automotive technological revolutionC.through numerous mechanical inventi
37、onsD.through radical political reforms(2).It is Henry Fords belief that _.（分数：3.00）A.products should be made with less cost but higher efficiencyB.products should be sold at low prices in large quantityC.products should be sold at high prices in large quantityD.standards must be established in his p
38、lants(3).It can be inferred that _.（分数：3.00）A.Henry Ford always tried to avoid wasteB.Henry Ford required total observation once the standards were establishedC.Henry Ford always encouraged his workers to make changes oft he productsD.Henry Ford made his own designs of his cars(4).The example of Hen
39、ry Fords attitudes towards competition was used to illustrate _.（分数：3.00）A.the causes for his successesB.some of his failuresC.another part of his personalityD.why he was left behind the modern competition八、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Bond had walked for only a few minutes when it suddenly occurred
40、to him that he was being followed. There was no evidence for it except a slight tingling (隐隐作痛) of the scalp (头皮) and an extra awareness of the people near him, but he had faith in his sixth sense and he at once stopped in from of the shop window he was passing and looked casually back along 46th St
41、reet. Nothing but a lot of miscellaneous people moving slowly on the sidewalks, mostly on the same side as himself, the side that was sheltered from the sun. There was no sudden movement into a doorway, nobody casually wiping his face with a handkerchief to avoid recognition, nobody bending down to
42、tie a shoelace.Bond examined the Swiss watches in his shop window and then turned and sauntered on. After a few yards he stopped again. Still nothing. He went on and turned right into the Avenue of the Americans, stopping in the first doorway, the entrance to a womens underwear store where a man in
43、a tan suit with his back to him was examining the black lace pants on a particularly realistic dummy (模型). Bond turned and leant against a pillar and gazed lazily but watchfully out into the street.And then something gripped his pistol arm and a voice snarled: “All right, Limey. Take it easy unless
44、you want lead for lunch“, and he felt something press into his back just above the kidney.What was there familiar about that voice? The law? The gun? Bond glanced down to see what was holding his right arm. It was a steel hook. Well, if the man had only one arm! Like lightening he turned around, ben
45、ding sideways and bringing his left fist round in a flailing blow, low down.There was a smack as his fist was caught in the other mans left hand, and at the same time as the contact telegraphed to Bonds mind that there could have been no gun, there came the well-remembered laugh and the lazy voice s
46、aying: “No good, James. The angles have got you.“Bond straightened himself slowly and for a moment he could only gaze into the grinning hawk-life face of Felix Leiterwith blank disbelief, his built-up tension slowly relaxing.“So you were doing a front tail, you lousy bastard,“ he finally said.（分数：12
47、.00）(1).Bond realized that he was being followed by means of _.（分数：3.00）A.his common senseB.his sense of humourC.his sightD.his sixth sense(2).When Bond stopped and looked back along 46th street, he observed all the following except _.（分数：3.00）A.most people on the sidewalk were on the same side as h
48、imselfB.no one suddenly turned into a doorwayC.a man was looking into the windows of a storeD.no one wiped his face with a handkerchief(3).Why did Bond stop in the doorway to the underwear shop?（分数：3.00）A.To sac who was following him.B.To look at the man in the fun suit.C.To avoid the sunshine.D.To
49、look at the underwear.(4).What did the man mean by saying “Take it easy unless you want lead for lunch“?（分数：3.00）A.Put up your hands.B.Dont move or Ill shoot you.C.If you want to have lunch, you must listen to me.D.You go first slowly and well have lunch together.九、Passage Five(总题数：1，分数：12.00)A new kind of radar has been developed for spaceship travelers. A w
