1、现代英语语法自考题-15 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B填空题/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BSection A/B(总题数：21，分数：42.00)1.I think the noise 1 (come) below the window.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_2.The vase 1 (sit) dangerously over the edge of the balcony.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_3.They 1 (negotiate) for three hours now
2、 and neither party seems to be willing to compromise.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_4.We 1 (call) on you yesterday, but we had visitors ourselves.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_5.Ive forgotten to return the key of the safe. People 1 (must look) everywhere for it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_6.It is very typical of you. You 1 (always lose) th
3、ings.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_7.Mary is naughty, but she 1 (be) a good girl today.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_8.It is time we 1 (think) about drawing up a detailed plan for the project.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_9.Id rather you 1 (not interfere) with her. Leave her alone.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_10.He is a teacher at a high school, but the
4、se days he 1 (work) on a farm.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.The boy 1 (constantly ask) questions when he began to study mathematics.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_12.I regret to inform you that they 1 (turn down) your application.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_13.Mumps is a very common disease which 1 (usually affect) children.（分数：2.00）填空项
5、 1:_14.I 1 (switch off) the air conditioner, already.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_15.If we 1 (not build) the reservoir, there would have been a terrible flood.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_16.What are you talking about? You 1 (disturb) the class.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_17.The employers 1 (start) negotiations as soon as the men return
6、 to work.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_18.If only they 1 (stop) this constant complaining.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_19.My purse is missing. I 1 (just lose) it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_20.Im afraid you 1 (have) to be responsible for everything you do after youre eighteen.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_21.Look at the dark clouds. It 1 (rain).（分数：2.
7、00）填空项 1:_四、B改错题/B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)22.Its raining. Well get wet if we will go out.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_23.Have you seen him just now?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_24.I am knowing that it was done by Tom.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_25.He has left ten minutes ago.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_26.I lived in Japan since 1967.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_27.I h
8、ave been seeing the movie three times, and now I want to see it again.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_28.Suddenly I remembered that I forgot the tickets.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_29.I was waiting an hour when she appeared.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_30.Im sorry I dont know when he comes. Ill tell you about it as soon as he comes.（分数：2.0
9、0）填空项 1:_31.Im going to buy a new coat. The weather report says it is very cold.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_五、B简答题/B(总题数：10，分数：40.00)32.What is the system of two tenses and two aspects?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_33.Why do most contemporary English grammarians adopt a two-tense system?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_34.If tense is related
10、 to time, what is aspect related to?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_35.Given the present time as its most important meaning, what is special about the simple present when it is used to refer to the past and the future?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_36.Why is the past tense often used for politeness?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_37.Why can some
11、 non-progressive verbs occur in the progressive form?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_38.What is special about the present perfect progressive in its finished use?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_39.List at least 4 means of expressing future time.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_40.Are will/shall do sth. and be going to do sth. always interchangeabl
12、e? Why or why not?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_41.As a future time expression, what special meaning does the simple present impart?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_现代英语语法自考题-15 答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART ONE/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B填空题/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BSection A/B(总题数：21，分数：42.00)1.I think the noise 1 (come) below the window
13、分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：comes from）解析：解析 译文：我认为噪音来源于窗户下面。come from 意为来自于，是固定短语。主句为一般现在时，因此从句也应选一般现在时。答案为 comes from。2.The vase 1 (sit) dangerously over the edge of the balcony.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：is sitting）解析：解析 译文：这个花瓶被放在了阳台的边缘上。由于本句的主语为物，选用现在进行时态可以表示事物目前的状态，因此本句选用进行时态最符合。答案为 is sitting。3.They
14、1 (negotiate) for three hours now and neither party seems to be willing to compromise.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：have been negotiating）解析：解析 译文：他们已经谈判了三个小时了，双方似乎都不愿妥协。句中 for three hours是表示一段时间的状语，也是完成时的标志。句意暗示着这个谈判有可能继续持续下去。这时就适合用现在完成进行时来表示。答案为 have been negotiating。4.We 1 (call) on you yesterday, but w
15、e had visitors ourselves.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：were going to call）解析：解析 译文：昨天我们本要去拜访你，但是我们却有了访客。打算做某事，可以用 be going to do，因为有 yesterday的出现，说明时态为过去时，因此 be动词要用过去式。答案为 were going to call。5.Ive forgotten to return the key of the safe. People 1 (must look) everywhere for it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：must ha
16、ve been looking）解析：解析 译文：我忘了把保险柜的钥匙放回去了。人们一定在到处找它。对过去已经发生的事情进行十分肯定的推测采用 must have done的形式。由于 kook的动作还在持续，应照进行时态。答案为must have been looking。6.It is very typical of you. You 1 (always lose) things.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：are always losing）解析：解析 译文：你就是这样，老是丢东西。be always doing 表示“老是做某事”，带有责备的口吻。答案为 are al
17、ways losing。7.Mary is naughty, but she 1 (be) a good girl today.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：is being）解析：解析 译文：玛丽很淘气，但是她今天却一直是个好孩子。today 表明了事情持续的时间段，因此可用进行时态进行强调(强调玛丽与以往不同的表现)。答案为 is being。8.It is time we 1 (think) about drawing up a detailed plan for the project.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：thought）解析：解析 Its t
18、ime+that clause 时，that 可省略，time 可由 high或 about修饰，从句中的谓语动词有两种形式，用动词的过去式(be 用 were)，或者用 should+动词原形(should 不能省略)。此句型为虚拟语气句型，表示“现在某人该做某事了”，含有该事早该去做而未做，现在去做似乎都为时已晚的意思。答案为 thought。9.Id rather you 1 (not interfere) with her. Leave her alone.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：didnt interfere）解析：解析 本句主要考查 would rather的
19、用法。would rather 意为希望某人做，其构成为 would rather sb. did sth./didnt do sth.。答案为 didnt interfere。10.He is a teacher at a high school, but these days he 1 (work) on a farm.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：is working）解析：解析 译文：他是一所高中的老师，但是这些天他在一所农场工作。these days 表明目前状态的持续的时间，因此应选用现在进行时态。答案为 is working。11.The boy 1 (const
20、antly ask) questions when he began to study mathematics.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：was constantly asking）解析：解析 从句中的 when表示当的时候，主句一般用进行时态。因为从句为过去时，因此主句要和从句保持时态上的一致。同时要注意副词 constantly要放到动词 ask的前面。答案为 was constantly asking。12.I regret to inform you that they 1 (turn down) your application.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_
21、正确答案：have turned down）解析：解析 从句的动作发生在 regret之前，所以用现在完成时。答案为 have turned down。13.Mumps is a very common disease which 1 (usually affect) children.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：usually affects）解析：解析 本题主要注意时态一致，主句为一般现在时，关系从句一般与其保持一致。答案为usually affects。14.I 1 (switch off) the air conditioner, already.（分数：2.00）
22、填空项 1:_ （正确答案：have/had switched off）解析：解析 译文：我已经关了空调。句中有 already时，一般用完成时。答案为 have/had switched off。15.If we 1 (not build) the reservoir, there would have been a terrible flood.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：hadnt built）解析：解析 if 引导的条件句表示与过去事实相反，其句子结构为：从句为 If+主语+had+动词的过去分词形式，主句为主语+would (should，could，might)+
23、have+动词的过去分词形式。答案为 hadnt built。16.What are you talking about? You 1 (disturb) the class.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：are disturbing）解析：解析 译文：你们在谈论什么事情?一直在打扰我们上课。当要表示带有感情色彩，某种令人不悦的情况时，可用现在进行时来表达这种意思。根据句意，可以知道他们的谈话扰乱了上课。答案为 are disturbing。17.The employers 1 (start) negotiations as soon as the men return to
24、work.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：will start）解析：解析 译文：人们一回到工作，这些雇主们就会开始协商。“开始协商”发生在 return to work之后，因此应用一般将来时。答案为 will start。18.If only they 1 (stop) this constant complaining.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：stopped）解析：解析 译文：如果他们可以停止无休止的抱怨该多好!if only 表示对现在或未来的愿望，但是现实却正相反，根据题意可知，本句表达的是对现在情况的虚拟，谓语动词应用一般过去式。答案为stopp
25、ed。19.My purse is missing. I 1 (just lose) it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：have just lost）解析：解析 译文：我的钱包不见了，我刚刚丢的。句子为现在时，丢失钱包的事情就发生在刚才，因此可以选用现在完成时态表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响(即 missing)。答案为 have just lost。20.Im afraid you 1 (have) to be responsible for everything you do after youre eighteen.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：will
26、 have）解析：解析 译文：我担心你 18岁以后，将不得不为自己所做的一切事情的负责任。“为自己所做的”是发生在将来的事情，因此应用一般将来时。答案为 will have。21.Look at the dark clouds. It 1 (rain).（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：is going to rain）解析：解析 译文：看那些黑色的云。马上就要下雨了。前半句提供的情境说明“下雨”是会发生的。be going to结构可表示按照计划或事情的发展一定会发生某事。答案为 is going to rain。四、B改错题/B(总题数：10，分数：20.00)22.Its r
27、aining. Well get wet if we will go out.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：we will gowe go）解析：解析 译文：下雨了，如果我们出去的话将会淋湿的。If 条件句中，如果从句谈论的是将来可能发生的事实，主句一般用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。答案为 we will gowe go。23.Have you seen him just now?（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Have you seenDid you see）解析：解析 译文：你刚才看见他了吗?题干中的 just now意为“刚刚，刚才”，是表示过去的时间状语
28、而且 see是短暂性的动词，表示看见的结果，要用一般过去时态。答案为 Have you seenDid you see。24.I am knowing that it was done by Tom.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I am knowingI know）解析：解析 译文：我知道这事是汤姆干的。know 表示已经知道的状态，不能用进行时。答案为 I am knowingI know。25.He has left ten minutes ago.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：has leftleft）解析：解析 译文：他十分钟之前就走了。题干中的 t
29、en minutes ago是过去的时间状语，谓语要用一般过去式。答案为 has leftleft。26.I lived in Japan since 1967.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I livedI have lived 或 I have been living）解析：解析 译文：自从 1967年以来我就一直住在日本。本题有 since+过去的时间，主句要用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去的某个时间一直持续到现在。题干中的时间状语为 since 1967，主句的 live要用 have lived或 have been living(强调现在还住在日本)。答
30、案为 I livedI have lived或 I have been living。27.I have been seeing the movie three times, and now I want to see it again.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：seeingseen）解析：解析 译文：这个电影我已经看过三遍了，现在我还想再看一次。现在完成时态的基本构成是have/has+过去分词，因此原句中的 seeing应改为 seen。答案为 seeingseen。28.Suddenly I remembered that I forgot the tickets.（
31、分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I forgotI had forgot）解析：解析 译文：突然我记起我忘记拿票了。根据句意知 forget发生在 remembered之前，forget 是过去的过去发生的动作，要用过去完成时。答案为 I forgotI had forgot。29.I was waiting an hour when she appeared.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：was waitinghad been waiting）解析：解析 译文：我等了一个小时后她才出现。分析句意知 wait发生在 appear之前，且在 appear之前 wait
32、这个动作一直持续着，wait 要用进行时；题干中 appear用的是过去式，wait 发生在过去的过去，要用过去完成时。综上所述，wait 要用过去完成进行时。答案为 was waitinghad been waiting。30.Im sorry I dont know when he comes. Ill tell you about it as soon as he comes.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：when he comeswill come）解析：解析 译文：抱歉，我不知道他什么时候来。一旦他来了，我会立刻告诉你。句中的 I dont know后面的从句应该用一
33、般将来时，因为“他什么时候会来?”很明显表述的是将来才发生的动作。答案为 when he comeswill come。31.Im going to buy a new coat. The weather report says it is very cold.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：isis going to be）解析：解析 天气预报一般是播报最近的天气情况，因此可用将来时态的 be going to表示。答案为isis going to be。五、B简答题/B(总题数：10，分数：40.00)32.What is the system of two tenses a
34、nd two aspects?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：English verbs have two tensesthe present tense and the past tense. On the formal basis, we recognize two aspect formsthe progressive aspect and the perfective aspect.）解析：33.Why do most contemporary English grammarians adopt a two-tense system?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正
35、确答案：If tense is related to time and in terms of the verb form related to time, it is said that there are only two tenses because there are two verb forms found related to timepresent time and past time. This two-tense system excludes future tense because there is such verb forms like do/did denoting
36、 future time.）解析：34.If tense is related to time, what is aspect related to?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Tense is related to time. It is the verb form denoting the time when the action or the state takes place. For example, “do“ is a verb form telling of the present time when the action takes place. Howeve
37、r “did“ is a different verb form because it tells of the past time when the action took place. Aspect, like tense is a verb form denoting the state of the action at present time or in the past time. For example: “doing“ indicates that the action is/was not completed, while “done“ indicates that the
38、action is/was completed.）解析：35.Given the present time as its most important meaning, what is special about the simple present when it is used to refer to the past and the future?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：When the simple present refers to the past, it brings the past events or states to the present time
39、 as if they were actually happening at the moment of speech. It is used in narrative writing to achieve vividness. It can also be found in (1)newspaper headlines, (2)photographic captions, (3)stage directions and (4)utterances with verbs of communication (say, hear, tell, etc.). Simple present refer
40、ring to the future is common in dependent clauses. In an independent clause (or main clause), the simple present is used to refer to a future event that will definitely happen.）解析：36.Why is the past tense often used for politeness?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Because the past tense can make a question or
41、a statement or a suggestion less direct. It is more polite to use the past tense on the part of the speaker.）解析：37.Why can some non-progressive verbs occur in the progressive form?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Some non-progressive verbs can occur in the progressive form, which happens in the circumstances
42、where they suggest temporariness, gradual increase or decrease.）解析：38.What is special about the present perfect progressive in its finished use?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：The present perfect progressive can be used to refer to an immediate past event whose result is still operative at the moment of spee
43、ch, in case it refers to a finished event that belongs to very recent past.）解析：39.List at least 4 means of expressing future time.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：(1)Will/shall do sth. (e.g. Ill come and see you next week.) (2)Be going to do sth. (e.g. My grandma is going to learn to drive.) (3)Present progre
44、ssive. (e.g. The trees are losing their leaves soon.) (4)Simple present. (e.g. Tomorrow is Saturday.)）解析：40.Are will/shall do sth. and be going to do sth. always interchangeable? Why or why not?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：No, they are not always interchangeable. Because there are important differences between them. The core meaning of be going to is “future fulfillment of the present“. And it suggests that the future fulfillment is imminent. (1)In its predictive use, it expresses the speakers assumption of a possible futur
