1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 31 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：20.00)They Say Irelands the Best Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005 , according to a life quality ranking(排名) that appeared in Britain s Economist magazine last week. The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels arou
2、nd the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being. The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability Job security, gender (性别) equality as well as what the magazine calls “ freedom, family
3、 and community life“. Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion(拥挤) , gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8. 33 points out of 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8. 07. Zimbabwe troubled by politica
4、l insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest(最差的) ,picking up only 3.89 points. “Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued,“ the report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in
5、part take away from a positive impact. “Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life.“ The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward
6、thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics. No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain. The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family
7、breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.（分数：20.00）(1).For 2,005 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.
8、FalseC.Not Given(2).Level of education is a measure of life quality.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(3).Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(4).Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(5).Breakdown in family values does not affect
9、 the happiness level.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(6).Ireland is positioned at No. 1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(7).Modernization does not necessarily contribute to high quality of life.（分数：2.00）A
10、.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(8).Many people criticize the magazines survey on life quality.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(9).To measure life quality is easy.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(10).The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given二、阅读选择(总题数：1，分数
11、：10.00)Electricity The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the str
12、eets because there are no traffic lights to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators. Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago. Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for millions of years. Scientists are discovering m
13、ore and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity. All living cells send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of record; they form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can study to determine how well the
14、 heart is working. The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroen-cephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely smalloften so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle
15、 cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large numbers of these cells are linked together, the effects can be astonishing. The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can send a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of elec
16、tricity through the water in which it lives. (An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.) As many as four fifths of all the cells in the electric eel s body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to the length of
17、its body.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the main idea of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Electric eels are potentially dangerous.B.Biology and electricity appear to be closely related.C.People would be at a loss without electricity.D.Scientists still have much to discover about electricity.(2).The author mentions all
18、 of the following as results of a blackout EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.refrigerated food item may go badB.traffic lights do not workC.people must rely on candlelightD.elevators and escalators do not function(3).Why does the author mention electric eels?（分数：2.00）A.To warn the reader to stay away from them.B.T
19、o compare their voltage to that used in houses.C.To give an example of a living electrical generator,D.To describe a new source of electrical power.(4).How many volts of electricity can an electric eel emit?（分数：2.00）A.800.B.600.C.200D.120(5).It can be inferred from the passage that the longer an eel
20、 is the（分数：2.00）A.more beneficial it will be to scienceB.more powerful its electrical charge will beC.easier it will be to findD.tougher it will be to eat三、概括段落大意和补全句子(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Science Fiction 1 Amongst the most popular books being written today are those which are usually classified as scienc
21、e fiction. Hundreds of titles are published every year and are read by all kinds of people. Furthermore, some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on science fiction stories. 2 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancesto
22、rs can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories. Science fiction is a genre of fiction with imaginative but more or less plausible content such as settin
23、gs in the future, futuristic science and technology, space travel, parallel universes, aliens, and paranormal abilities. Exploring the consequences of scientific innovations is one purpose of science fiction, making it a “literature of ideas. Science fiction has been used By authors as a device to d
24、iscuss philosophical ideas such as identity, desire, morality and social structure. 3 Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H. G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated
25、into many languages. 4 Modern science fiction writers dont write about men from Mars or space adventure stories. They are more interested in predicting the results of technical developments on society and the human mind; or in imagining future worlds which are a reflection of the world which we live
26、 in now. Because of this their writing has obvious political undertones. Science fiction is largely based on writing rationally about alternative possible worlds or futures. It is similar to, but differs from fantasy in that, within the context of the story, its imaginary elements are largely possib
27、le within scientifically established or scientifically postulated laws of nature (though some elements in a story might still be pure imaginative speculation). The settings for science fiction are often contrary to consensus reality, but most science fiction relies on a considerable degree of suspen
28、sion of disbelief, which is facilitated in the readers mind by potential scientific explanations or solutions to various fictional elements. 5 In an age where science fact frequently overtakes science fiction, the writers may find it difficult to keep ahead of scientific advances. Those who are suff
29、iciently clear-sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to master its new technology.A. Popularity of Science FictionB. Future DevelopmentC. Classics of Science FictionD. Difficulty in
30、Keeping Ahead of Scientific AdvancesE. Its Origin/PastF. Themes of Modern Science Fiction（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph 5（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_A. a recurrent themeB. to keep ahead of scient
31、ific advancesC. reading books of science fictionD. political implicationsE. a current themeF. read worldwide（分数：10.00）(1).Some form of ideal society is 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Books written by J. Verne are 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).People enjoy 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Works of modern science fiction have 1.
32、（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Writers find it difficult 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_四、填句补文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Origin of Mothers Day In the U. S. Mothers Day is a holiday celebrated on the second Sunday in May. It is a day when children honor their mothers with cards, gifts, and flowers. First observance was in Philadel
33、phia in 1907. 1 Although it wasnt celebrated in the U. S. until 1907, there were days honoring mothers even in the days of ancient Greece. 2 Later, in the 1600s, in England there was an annual observance called “Mothering Sunday“. 3On Mothering Sunday, the servants, who generally lived with their em
34、ployers, were encouraged to return home and honor their mothers. It was traditional for them to bring a special cake along to celebrate the occasion. Mothers Day was first suggested in the United States in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe as a day dedicated to peace. In 1907 Ana Jarvis, from Philadelphia, be
35、gan a campaign to establish a national Mothers Day. Jarvis persuaded her mothers church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mother s Day on the second anniversary of her mother s death, the 2nd Sunday of May. The next year Mothers Day was also celebrated in Philadelphia. Jarvis and others began a
36、 letter-writing campaign to ministers, businessmen, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Mothers Day. 4President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming Mother s Day a national observance that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May. 5Denmark,
37、Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium celebrate Mother s Day on the second Sunday in May, as in the U. S.A. Mothers day should not be just another day with a few flowers thrown in.B. In those days, however, it was Rhea, the Mother of the gods that was given honor.C. Many other countries of
38、the world celebrate their own Mothers Day at different times throughout the year.D. They were successful.E. It was celebrated during June, on the fourth Sunday.F. It is based on suggestions by Julia Ward Howe in 1872 and by Anna Jarvis in 1907.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、填词补文(总题数：
39、1，分数：20.00)Supermarket Most supermarkets need a very large floor area, sometimes at least ten times as big as that of an ordinary shop. There are usually two doors, one as an entrance and the other as an 1 . The rest of the side facing the street is largely of plate glass, with goods or advertising
40、material displayed. The other three walls are 2 decorated in light colors, giving an 3 of cleanliness and brightness. At right angles to the window stretch long structures about six feet 4 with a number of shelves on each side. Similar shelf units or frozen food containers extend round the walls. Br
41、oad aisles (通道) between the shelf units and ample (足够的) space between them and the window and also the far wall 5 room for the circulation of many people. 6 commodities (商品) , in tins, bags, boxes or other containers, are stacked (堆放) in groups on the shelves, and each group is 7 with a price ticket
42、. Metal baskets near the entrance are taken by the shoppers who collect the goods that they 8 from the shelves. Between the shelf units and the windows are a number of small corners about three feet high. Beside each 9 a cashier, who operates a machine for the totaling cost of each customer s purcha
43、ses. The customer places the basket at one end of the counter so that it can be emptied by the cashier who records the price of the commodities one by one, before putting each on a moving section of the counter top. The cashier finally hands a printed slip recording all prices to the 10 , who pays t
44、he total, collects the bag and leaves.A. sits B. high C. exitD. customer E. various F. smallG. tall H. normally I. allowJ. impression K. labeled L. select（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、完形补文(总题数：1，分数：20.00)How do Americans Spend Their Free Time? Amer
45、icans spend their free time in【C1】_(variety) ways. People enjoy building things and【C2】_(sew) their own clothes. They do these things for fun and for【C3】_(economic). 25 million adults continue their education,【C4】_(chief) by going to school in the evening at their own【C5】_(expensive). Americans also
46、 devote a lot of their time to the needs of their communities often without any pay. Why do they do it? There are several answers. The idea of【C6】_(cooperate) and sharing responsibility with one another for the benefit of all is as old as the country itself. When the country was first【C7】_(found) in
47、 1776,it was necessary for the settlers to work together to live. They had crossed dangerous seas and risked all they had for political and【C8】_(religion) freedom. It is true that some people use their leisure because they are【C9】_(true) interested in the work; or that they are learning from the experience. No matter what the reason is, hundreds of thousands of so called leisure hours are put into hard,【C10】_(pay) work on one or another community need.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）_(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）_(3).【C3】
