1、英语(一)自考题-10 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)CampingCamping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at its best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness, it is becoming more and more import
2、ant to camp unobtrusively(不引人注目地) and leave no mark.Wild camping is not permitted in many places, particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are, find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces, and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. F
3、or example, it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland, but in England you must ask the landowners permission, except in national parks.Camping is about having relaxation, sleeping outdoors, experiencing bad weather, and making do without modern conveniences. A busy, fully-equipped campsite
4、(野营地)seems to go against this, so seek out smaller, more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still, find a campsite with no road access: walking in makes a real adventure.Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good nights sleep. Choos
5、e a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot. When camping in woodland, avoid standing dead trees, which may fall on a windy night. Avoid animal runs and caves, and possible
6、 homes of biting insects. Make sure you have most protection on the windward side. If you make a fire, do so downwind of your shelter, always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging plants. A good campsite is found, not madechanging it should be unnecessary.（分数：10
7、.00）(1).Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Wild camping is always permitted in many places._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).It is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively and leave no mark._
8、 A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Wherever you are, you dont have to know about the local policy on camping and shelter building._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).In England you must ask the landowners permission for camping, except in national parks._ A. True B. False
9、 C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Camping is relaxation with the help of modern conveniences._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Finding a campsite with no road access is better still._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(8).Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to gu
10、aranteeing a good nights sleep._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(9).Animal runs, caves and homes of biting insects are best places for camping._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(10).Sometimes you need to make electricity._ A. True B. False C. Not Given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.二、B(总题数：
11、1，分数：10.00)A Bridge for SquirrelsSan Francisco has its cable cars. Seattle has its Space Needle. And, Longview has its squirrel bridge. The bridge, which has attracted international attention, is now a local landmark.The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder, Amos Peters, to give
12、 squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars.The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds. Before the bridge was built, squirrels had to avoid traffic to and from the Park Plaza office building where office staff put out
13、a nutty feast for the squirrels. Many times, Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over.One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth, and that days coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked u
14、p the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council(市政会). The Council approved, and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere jokingly named the bridge “Nutty Narrows“.After architects designed the bridge, Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started construction. They built the 60-foo
15、t bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire hose(消防水带). It cost 1000.It didnt take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started. Squirrels were even seen guiding their young and teaching them the ropes. The story was picked up by the media, and Nutty Narrows became known in newspapers al
16、l over the world.In 1983, after 20 years of use, Peters took down the worn-out bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced. The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983, hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge.Peters died in 1984 , and a ten-foot woo
17、den squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.（分数：10.00）(1).The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in order to_ A. offer squirrels a place to eat nuts B. set up a local landmark C. help improve traffic D. protect squirrels（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).
18、What happened over the coffee break discussion?_ A. The committee got the Councils blessing. B. The squirrel bridge idea was born. C. A councilwoman named the bridge. D. A squirrel was found dead.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the underlined phrase “teaching them the ropes“ probably mean in the text
19、?_ A. Passing them a rope. B. Directing them to store food for winter. C. Teaching them a lesson. D. Showing them how to use the bridge.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is true of the squirrel bridge?_ A. It was replaced by a longer one. B. It was built from wood and metal. C. It was rebu
20、ilt after years of use. D. It was designed by Bill Hutch.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What can we learn about Amos Peters?_ A. He is remembered for his love of animals. B. He donated 1000 to build the bridge. C. He was a member of the City Council. D. He was awarded a medal for building the bridge.（分数：2.00）
21、A.B.C.D.三、B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)College Dictionaries1 Youre probably most familiar with college dictionaries, often called abridged dictionaries. Although abridged means“ shortened“, these dictionaries contain more than 150, 000 entries and provide detailed definitions that are sufficient for most colleg
22、e students and general users. College dictionaries also contain separate lists of abbreviations, biographical and geographical names, foreign words and phrases, and tables of measures. Websters New Riverside University Dictionary and the American Heritage , Dictionary of the English Language are col
23、lege dictionaries.2 Unabridged dictionaries contain as many as 500, 000 entries and provide detailed definitions and extensive word histories (etymologies). These dictionaries, possibly in several volumes and mostly found in libraries, are excellent sources for scholarly inquiries. Una bridged dicti
24、onaries include the Oxford English Dictionary and the Random House Dictionary of the English Language.3 A dictionary entry has many elements: multiple definitions, syllabication, preferred spelling and pronunciation (some words have more than one acceptable spelling and pronunciation), and part-ofsp
25、eech labels. Some entries also include plurals and capitalized forms, synonyms, antonyms, and derivatives. Americanisms and etymologies may be provided along with usage notes, cross-references, and idioms.4 If you prefer using the dictionary on a computer, you can obtain CD-ROM versions of many majo
26、r dictionaries. In addition, you can access numerous dictionaries, such as Merriam Websters Dictionary, on the Internet. Online dictionaries allow you to enter a search word(you even get help with spelling)to see a definition, and sometimes even an illustration. Online dictionaries also offer additi
27、onal features, such as word games, Language tips, and amusing facts about words. Some online dictionary services allow you to access numerous dictionaries, both general and specialized, in on search.5 Specialized dictionaries provide in-depth information about a certain field. For example, there are
28、 dictionaries for the specialized vocabularies of law, computer technology, and medicine. In addition, there are dictionaries of synonyms, cliches, slang, and even regional expressions, such as the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE). There are also dictionaries of foreign languages, famo
29、us peoples names, literary characters names and place names.A. Varieties of college dictionariesB. Accessing dictionaries electronicallyC. Elements under a word itemD. Complete editions of dictionariesE. Using dictionaries for particular fieldsF. Features of college dictionaries（分数：5.00）(1).Paragrap
30、h 1_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. many other dictionariesB. a variety of abbreviationsC. comprehensive informationD. offered in addition toE. for academic consulting and inquiriesF. a
31、re alien and utterly foreign（分数：5.00）(1).College dictionaries involve_, biographical and geographical and phrases, and tables of working out things.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).These dictionaries are super sources_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Americanisms and etymologies may be_ usage notes and idioms.（分数：1.00）填空项 1
32、:_(4).In addition, you can access_ numerous online.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Specialized dictionaries involve_ about a certain field.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Research Is a State of MindFor many years there has been much misunderstanding as to just what research is. The popular conception seems t
33、o be that there is something mysterious about it, and before any research can be clone it is necessary to have expensive scientific apparatus and large, elaborately equipped laboratories. Actually, this is not so. U U 1 /U /UIt is a simple, organized way of trying to accomplish something you wish to
34、 do-so simple that anyone can do research anywhere at any time.First, you select the problem you would like to solve, then you list at least ten reasons why it has not been solved. U U 2 /U /UIt takes just as much effort to solve a useless problem as a useful one. U U 3 /U /UAfter carefully-and I wa
35、nt to emphasize that word “carefully“ selecting the problem and the ten things between you and the solution, you then use the same procedure as in solving a crossword puzzle. U U 4 /U /UIn the solution of the remaining obstacles you may need some simple apparatus, but the things you will probably ne
36、ed most are infinite patience and persistence. Few people realize the difficulties of doing any new thing.Maybe one of the reasons people are so easily discouraged is because of their education. During all our years at school we were examined two or three times a year. If we failed once, we were out
37、. U U 5 /U /UIf we are going to make progress, we must learn to fail intelligently so that we wont become discouraged at the 99.9 per cent failure.A. Make sure the game is worth the candle.B. That is a step in the right direction, but I dont believe it is enough.C. You take the easy obstacles first
38、and by a process of elimination you eventually arrive at the one or two major ones.D. But in selecting the problem, you need to be sure to analyze it carefully to see that it is worth the effort.E. Research isnt a physical thing at all;its a state of mind.F. By contrast, all research work is 99.9 pe
39、r cent failure and, if we succeed once, we are in.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Majored FinanceAn increase in students U U 1 /U /Uto study economics at university is being attributed to (归因于) the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about h
40、ow the U U 2 /U /Usystem works.Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A U U 3 /U /Ufor the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.Professor John
41、Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University, said his first year lectures-which are open to students from all departments-were U U 4 /U /Ucrowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.“There are a large number of students who are not U U 5 /U /Umajors, who would li
42、ke to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary U U 6 /U /Uin a way that one hasnt traditionally done, “ he added.University applications rose 7% last year. But there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump
43、, with peoples renewed interest in U U 7 /U /Uin the public sector(部门), which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents U U 8 /U /Uschools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them wh
44、at was going on, although a U U 9 /U /Uof parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.Zack Hocking, the head of child trust funds, said: “Its possible that one good thing to U U 10 /U /Ufrom the downturn will be a generation thats financially wiser and better equipped t
45、o manage their money through times of economic uncertainty. “A. financial B. applying C. careersD. minority E. drawing F. economicsG. believed H. purpose I. spokesmanJ. events K. arise L. professional（分数：15.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)H
46、ow To Find True FriendsA good friend may not share every detail of every second of their life, but they do try to be clear about their U U 1 /U /U(intent). This means that they try to present an accurate picture of who they are and of different situations. When something doesnt seem right, they let you know.OK, this is a given, and U U 2 /U /U(probable)the reason you became friends in the first place. But theres a lot to be said for chemistry and shared interests. As for fun, it U U 3 /U /U(depend)h
