1、英语(二)自考题-19 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第一部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Job or Money?Would you quit your job if you didn“t need the money? In a 1990 poll by the Gallop Organization, many people said quitting work was an important reason to be rich. Yet researchers find that work is one of life“s chief sat
2、isfactions for people. Consider W. Berry Fowler. In 1979, Fowler started a tutoring company that became so successful he was able to sell out and retire in 1978a multimillionaire at 40. He bought a 50-foot cabin cruiser and a house in Hawaii, and busied himself vacationing. But after five years of p
3、erpetual vacation, Fowler began to miss the challenges of work. So in 1992, he bought a fitness chain for children and now spends 75 hours a week immersed in balance sheets and staff meetings. “My best days on the golf course weren“t half as much fun as a good day at the office,“ he says. A job, stu
4、dies show, is more than a paycheck. Doing something well can increase confidence and self-worth. When sociologist H. Ray Kaplan surveyed 139 lottery millionaires, he discovered 60 percent continued working at least a year after they“d won. If jobs are so important, wouldn“t salary size be a gauge of
5、 job satisfaction? Americans think so. A survey conducted last year by Roper Starch Worldwide, Inc., found that almost 70 percent of the respondents said they would be happier if their families had twice as much household income. Yet studies show that job satisfaction comes less from how much people
6、 earn than from the challenge of their jobs and the control they are able to exert. Work that doesn“t engage a person will never seem rewarding, no matter how lucrative it becomes.（分数：10.00）(1).The Gallop poll shows many people want to be rich in order not to work._（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not menti
7、oned(2).Researchers did another survey after the Gallop poll._（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).W. Berry Fowler used to be a tutor._（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Berry Fowler was no longer busy after he retired._（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Berry Fowler retired at 40
8、, and he did not work any more._（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).According to Berry Fowler, his pastime wasn“t as funny as working at office._（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Work is important in that it offers pay, increases confidence and self-worth._（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not
9、mentioned(8).Studies show that job satisfaction comes mainly from people“s income._（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(9).The Roper Starch Worldwide survey found that most Americans find jobs of higher pay more satisfying._ A. Right B. Wrong (2. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(10).When a person can
10、engage in the job, the rewarding will come._（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned二、第二部分：阅读选择(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Confidence ClassOxford University has introduced confidence classes for female students to get them to compete for jobs in future and win chances to work in best companies. They may be yo
11、ung and gifted, but research at the excellent institution has found that female undergraduates are shying away from applying for jobs in banking, finance, management consultancy, engineering and resource management. Partly as a result, starting salaries for women when they graduate are on average 2,
12、000 to 3,000 lower than their male counterparts. “Women are earning less on leaving Oxford. It is ridiculous, “said Jonathan Black, the careers service director at the university. “We have high quality and high achieving students of both genders. But it appears that women are selecting lower paid jo
13、bs. They accept more prejudice in certain industries and are saying “I won“t struggle for that really high paid job.“ We are not trying to push loads of women but we are trying to say, you should feel able to apply for these sorts of jobs. Boys seem to have more self-confidence and see the bigger pi
14、cture generally, even tough their self-belief is not necessarily based on any greater academic advantage.“ The four-day programme at Oxford will help 45 female under graduates improve their self-confidence and decision-making, think positively and build up their strengths. Confidence training will t
15、each them how to deal with the opposition and challenging situations. Successful female employees from RBS and BP, which are supporting the course, will talk about their lives and careers. RBS“s involvement follows a promise by the bank to increase its national percentage of female graduate applicat
16、ions from 35 percent to 50 percent by 2014. Sophie Kelley, 20, studying law at Oxford, is hoping the course will make her more confident in courses and interviews. “I am applying to London“s law firms for vacation schemes and it is so competitive,“ she said. “The rejection letters don“t give any rea
17、l feedback, so I“m expecting the programme might give me a hand and some advice.“（分数：10.00）(1).Oxford University brings in confidence classes in order to help _.（分数：2.00）A.female undergraduates build up their strengths in daily lifeB.male undergraduates make friends with girls at universityC.female
18、undergraduates get success with more confidenceD.females fight against challenges in the face of danger(2).What is the worrying situation for female undergraduates?_（分数：2.00）A.They don“t like to work in companies offering low wagesB.Their opportunities are limited and their salaries are lowC.There a
19、re fewer females admitted to Oxford UniversityD.They refuse to work in banking and finance fields(3).What is the mistaken idea for female undergraduates?_（分数：2.00）A.They themselves don“t like working on resource managementB.They themselves think they are superior to boys in all sidesC.They themselve
20、s think men and women are born equalD.They themselves think they are not as good as boys(4).What can we learn from Paragraph 5?_（分数：2.00）A.RBS and BP will admit females from now onB.RBS will create more job chances for girls in futureC.RBS will be the only choice for female undergraduatesD.All femal
21、e undergraduates from Oxford can apply to RBS(5).What can we learn about Sophie Kelley?_（分数：2.00）A.She hopes to benefit more from the programmeB.She has been rejected by the programme at OxfordC.She feels the programme is ridiculous in modern societyD.She isn“t fit for the world of competition and c
22、hallenges三、第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Making of a Success Story IKEA is the world“s largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the world“s most successful entrepreneurs. Born in Sweden in 1926, Kamprad was a natural business man. As a child, he enjoyed selli
23、ng things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. Naturally he used it to start up a business IKEA. IKEA“s name comes form Kamprads“ initials (I. K.) and the place where he g
24、rew up (E and A). Today IKEA is known for its modern, minimalist furniture, but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. Rather, IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods. Kam-prad“s wares included anything that he could sell for profits at low prices, including watches, pens and stockings.
25、 IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The furniture was all designed and made by manufactures near Kamprad“s home. Initial sales were very encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line. Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became
26、solely a furniture company in 1951. In 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom in Almhult, Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stress with furniture in attractive settings, but in the early 1950s, people ordered from catalogues. Thus response to the first showroom was overwhelming: people loved
27、 being able to see and try the furniture before buying it. This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive. By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture. In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The man had given him a
28、 great idea. fiat packaging. Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers. IKEA tried it and sales soared. The problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves, but over time, even this grew into an advantage for IKEA. Nowadays, IKEA is often see
29、n as having connotations of self-sufficiency. This image has done wonders for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion.（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph 1 A. Ingvar Kamprada born businessman B. Success brought by the introduction of showrooms C. The origin of IKEA D. Specialization in sell
30、ing furniture E. Flat packaging-a feature of IKEA F. World-wide expansion of IKEA（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 1（分数：1.00）(5).Paragraph 1（分数：1.00）(6).Even when he was only a child, 1. A. IKEA began as a small store selling all kinds of things of low prices B.
31、it is highly welcomed by both C. Ingvar Kamprad showed interest in and talent for doing business D. he lives happily in retirement E. Here they can see and and try the furniture they are going to buy F. which leads to better sales（分数：1.00）(7). 1, and years later became a big company specialized in m
32、anufacturing selling of furniture.（分数：1.00）(8).Customers liked the idea of IKEA“s showrooms because 1.（分数：1.00）(9).packaging saves money for both IKEA and the customers, 1.（分数：1.00）(10).The self-sufficiency has done wonders for the company, 1.（分数：1.00）四、下面的短文有 5 处空白，短文后有 6 个句子，(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Work I
33、s a BlessingI grew up in Lakeland, LA, one of 12 children. We all lived on my parents“ subsistence farm. We grew cotton, sugar cane, corn, hogs, and chickens and had a large garden, but it didn“t bring in much cash. 1 We milked 65 cows at 5 in the morning and again at 2 in the afternoon, seven days
34、a week. In the kitchen one Saturday before daylight, I remember complaining to my father and grandfather about having to go mile those cows. 2 I looked at those two men who had worked harder than I ever hadmy father eking out a living on that farm and my grandfather farming and working as a carpente
35、r during the Depression. 3 Going to college was a rare privilege for a kid from Lakeland. My father told me if I picked something to study that I liked doing, I“d always look forward to my work. But he also added, “Even having a job you hate is better than not having a job at all.“ 4 And what starte
36、d out as an obligation to the Army became a way of life that I stayed committed to for 37 years, three months and three days. In the late 1980s, during a visit to Bangladesh, I saw a woman with a baby on her back, breaking bricks with a hammer. I asked a Bangladesh military escort why they weren“t u
37、sing a machine, which would have been a lot easier. He told me a machine would put that lady out of work. 5 And as bad as that woman“s job was, it was enough to keep a small family alive. It reminded me of my father“s words: To work is a blessing. A. Breaking those bricks meant she could earn enough
38、 money to feed herself and her baby that day. B. I had a feeling I had been told something really important, but it took many years before it sank in. C. So when I was 12, I got a part-time job on a dairy farm down the road, helping to milk cows. D. I wanted to be a farmer, but I joined the ROTC pro
39、gram to help pay for college. E. My father said, “Ya know, boy, to work is a blessing.“ F. I don“t think I will ever quit working.（分数：10.00）五、第五部分：填词补文(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Friendship“Friends are like stars. You don“t always 1 them but you know they are there.“ And while a shooting star is a beautiful thi
40、ng to observe, a 2 friendship is one of the most painful things to experience. However, if you believe that it“s worth trying to 3 it, then it is worth it. So, if you“re still stirred by a friendship that has given you priceless moments, unconditional love, and 4 memories, at least give saving it a
41、chance. Act now. The moment you“re aware that the two of you start growing apart, do something about it. Waiting will only 5 the loss of your friendship. Do some honest analysis of the situation. Sit down and think back to where it all 6 wrong. Was it your fault? Was it something you said or did or
42、didn“t say or do although you should have? If it was your fault, 7 . Briefly explain your side of the story and avoid making excuses or shifting the blame. By taking 8 for your part in damaging the friendship, you prove that your desire to keep your friend is more important than your pride. Listen t
43、o your friend. If a third party has been telling different stories to both of you to 9 conflicts, listening to your friend is the best way to find it. Ask who told them that if you hear that you said something you“d 10 say in a million years. It“s amazing how fast a third party liar“s mind games blo
44、w up in their face once the victims compare notes. A. save D. went G. never J. dying B. help E. cause H. apologize K. treasured C. see F. bring about I. concern L. responsibility（分数：15.00）六、第六部分：完形补文(总题数：1，分数：15.00)WaterFrom the beginning, water has furnished man with a source of food and a highway
45、to travel upon. The first civilization 1 (arise) where water was a dominant element in the environment, a challenge to 2 (man) ingenuity. The Egyptians invented the 365-day calendar in response to the Nile“s annual 3 (flood). The Babylonians, who were among the most famous law-makers in ancient time
46、s, invented laws regulating water usage. Water 4 (inspire) the Chinese to build a 1000-mile canal, a complex system which, after nearly 2,500 years, remains still 5 (practical) in use and still commands the astonishment of engineer. But the, ancients never found complete 6 (solution) to their water
47、problems. The Yellow River is also 7 (know) as “China“s Sorrow“; it is so unpredictable and 8 (danger) that in a single flood it has caused a million deaths. Floods slowed the great civilization of the Indus River Valley, and 9 (adequate) drainage ruined much of its land. Today water dominates man a
48、s it always has done. Its 10 (present) continues to govern the location of his homes and cities.（分数：15.00）七、第七部分：短文写作(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.请根据下列内容撰写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文。 Many young people choose to overwork in order to make more money; however, persistent overwork will affect their health in the long run. Wh
49、at is your opinion on this? （分数：30.00）_英语(二)自考题-19 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第一部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Job or Money?Would you quit your job if you didn“t need the money? In a 1990 poll by the Gallop Organization, many people said quitting work was an important reason to be rich. Yet researchers find that work is one of life“s chief satisfactions for people. Consider W. Berry Fowler. In 1979, Fowler started a tuto
