1、2011 年北京航空航天大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：52.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.Waiting for Godot（分数：2.00）_2.Harlem renaissance（分数：2.00）_3.Antagonist（分数：2.00）_4.Comedy of manners（分数：2.00）_5.Blank verse（分数：2.00）_二、翻译题(总题数：2，分数：4.00)6.Please translate the following English into Chinese, and pay attentio
2、n to its literary quality.It was New Year“s Night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he cast them on the earth, where few more hopeless people than him
3、self now moved towards their certain goalthe tomb. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and remorse. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant, his heart sorrowful, and his old age short of comforts.（分数：2.00）_7.Please translat
4、e the following Chinese into English and pay attention to its literary quality. 真正成为自己不是一件很容易的事。世上有很多人，你说他是什么都行，例如是一种职业，一个身份，一个角色，唯独不是他自己。如果一个人总是按照别人的意见生活，总是为外在的事务忙碌，没有自己的内心生活，那么，说他不是他自己一点儿也没有冤枉他。因为的的确确，从他的头脑到心灵，你在其中已经找不到丝毫真正属于他自己的东西了，他只是别人的一个影子和事务的一架机器罢了。（分数：2.00）_三、分析题(总题数：9，分数：38.00)8.Summarize P
5、uritans“ beliefs.（分数：2.00）_9.Illustrate the main characteristics of Modernism from a literary perspective.（分数：2.00）_10.Make a brief comment on J. R. R. Tolkien“s The Lord of the Rings.（分数：2.00）_In her eagerness she rose and supported herself on the arm of the chair. At that earnest appeal he turned
6、to her, looking absolutely desperate. His eyes, wide and wet, at last flashed fiercely on her; his breast heaved convulsively. An instant they held asunder, and then how they met I hardly saw, but Catherine made a spring, and he caught her, and they were locked in an embrace from which I thought my
7、mistress would never be released alive; in fact, to my eyes, she seemed directly insensible. He flung himself into the nearest seat, and on my approaching hurriedly to ascertain if she had fainted, he gnashed at me, and foamed like a mad dog, and gathered her to him with greedy jealousy. I did not f
8、eel as if I were in the company of a creature of my own species: it appeared that he would not understand, though I spoke to him; so I stood off, and held my tongue, in great perplexity.A movement of Catherine“s relieved me a little presently: she put up her hand to clasp his neck, and bring her che
9、ek to his as he held her; while he, in return, covering her with frantic caresses, said wildly“ You teach me now how cruel you“ve beencruel and false. Why did you despise me? Why did you betray your own heart, Cathy? I have not one word of comfort. You deserve this. You have killed yourself. Yes, yo
10、u may kiss me, and cry; and wring out my kisses and tears: they“ll blight you they“ll damn you. You loved methen what right had you to leave me? What rightanswer mefor the poor fancy you felt for Linton? Because misery and degradation, and death, and nothing that God or Satan could inflict would hav
11、e parted us, you, of your own will, did it. I have not broken your heartyou have broken it; and in breaking it, you have broken mine. So much the worse for me that I am strong. Do I want to live? What kind of living will it be when youoh, God! Would you like to live with your soul in the grave?“（分数：
12、6.00）(1).Identify the author of the above passages.(2 points)（分数：2.00）_(2).What does the title(Wuthering Heights)mean?(4 points)（分数：2.00）_(3).Comment on the significance of the book.(4 points)（分数：2.00）_It made me shiver. And I about made up my mind to pray, and see if I couldn“t try to quit being th
13、e kind of a boy I was and be better. So I kneeled down. But the words wouldn“t come. Why wouldn“t they? It warn“t no use to try and hide it from Him. Nor from ME, neither. I knowed very well why they wouldn“t come. It was because my heart warn“t right; it was because I warn“t square; it was because
14、I was playing double. I was letting ON to give up sin, but away inside of me I was holding on to the biggest one of all. I was trying to make my mouth SAY I would do the right thing and the clean thing, and go and write to that nigger“s owner and tell where he was; but deep down in me I knowed it wa
15、s a lie, and He knowed it. You can“t pray a lieI found that out.So I was full of trouble, full as I could be; and didn“t know what to do. At last I had an idea; and I says, I“ll go and write the letterand then see if I can pray. Why, it was astonishing, the way I felt as light as a feather right str
16、aight off, and my troubles all gone. So I got a piece of paper and a pencil, all glad and excited, and set down and wrote;Miss Watson, your runaway nigger Jim is down here two mile below Pikesville, and Mr. Phelps has got him and he will give him up for the reward if you send.HUCK FINN.I felt good a
17、nd all washed clean of sin for the first time I had ever felt so in my life, and I knowed I could pray now. But I didn“t do it straight off, but laid the paper down and set there thinkingthinking how good it was all this happened so, and how near I come to being lost and going to hell. And went on t
18、hinking. And got to thinking over our trip down the river; and I see Jim before me all the time; in the day and in the night-time, sometimes moonlight, sometimes storms, and we afloating along, talking and singing and laughing. But somehow I couldn“t seem to strike no places to harden me against him
19、, but only the other kind. I“d see him standing my watch on top of his“n, “ stead of calling me, so I could go on sleeping; and see him how glad he was when I come back out of the fog; and when I come to him again in the swamp, up there where the feud was; and such-like times; and would always call
20、me honey, and pet me and do everything he could think of for me, and how good he always was; and at last I struck the time I saved him by telling the men we had small-pox aboard, and he was so grateful, and said I was the best friend old Jim ever had in the world, and the ONLY one he“s got now; and
21、then I happened to look around and see that paper.It was a close place. I took it up, and held it in my hand. I was a trembling, because I“d got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself;“All right, then, I“ll GO t
22、o hell“ and tore it tip.（分数：6.00）(1).Identify the author of the work from which the passage is selected.(2 points)（分数：2.00）_(2).Define the literary school/trend to which the author belongs.(4 points)（分数：2.00）_(3).Comment on the selection.(4 points)（分数：2.00）_.What though the field be lost?All is not
23、lost; the unconquerable Will,And study of revenge, immortal hate,And courage never to submit or yield;And what is else not to be overcome?They Glory never shall his wrath or mightExtort from me. To bow and sue for graceWith suppliant knee, and deifie his powerWho from the terrour of this Arm so late
24、Doubted his Empire, that were low indeed,That were an ignominy and shame beneathThis downfall; since by Fate the strength of GodsAnd this Empyreal substance cannot fail,Since through experience of this great eventIn Arms not worse, in foresignt much advanc“t,We may with more successful hope resolveT
25、o wage by force or guile eternal WarrIrreconcileable, to our grand Foe,Who now triumphs, and in th“ excess of joySole reigning holds the Tyranny of Heav“n.（分数：6.00）(1).Identify the work from which the passage is selected.(2 points)（分数：2.00）_(2).What is the Miltonic Style?(4 points)（分数：2.00）_(3).Comm
26、ent on the significance of the work from which the above passage is selected.(4 points)（分数：2.00）_Every morning was a cheerful invitation to make my life of equal simplicity, and I may say innocence, with Nature herself. I have been as sincere a worshipper of Aurora as the Greeks. I got up early and
27、bathed in the pond; that was a religious exercise, and one of the best things which I did. They say that characters were engraved on the bathing tub of King Tching-thang to this effect: “ Renew thyself completely each day; do it again, and again, and forever again. “ I can understand that Morning br
28、ings back the heroic ages. I was as much affected by the faint hum of a mosquito making its invisible and unimaginable tour through my apartment at earliest dawn, when I was sitting with door and windows open, as I could be by any trumpet that ever sang of fame. It was Homer“s requiem; itself an Ili
29、ad and Odyssey in the air, singing its own wrath and wanderings. There was something cosmical about it; a standing advertisement, till forbidden, of the everlasting vigor and fertility of the world. The morning, which is the most memorable season of the day, is the awakening hour. Then there is leas
30、t somnolence in us; and for an hour, at least, some part of us awakes which slumbers all the rest of the day and night. Little is to be expected of that day, if it can be called a day, to which we are not awakened by our Genius, but by the mechanical nudgings of some servitor, are not awakened by ou
31、r own newly acquired force and aspirations from within, accompanied by the undulations of celestial music, instead of factory bells, and a fragrance filling the airto a higher life than we fell asleep from; and thus the darkness bear its fruit, and prove itself to be good, no less than the light. Th
32、at man who does not believe that each day contains an earlier, more sacred, and auroral hour than he has yet profaned, has despaired of life, and is pursuing a descending and darkening way. After a partial cessation of his sensuous life, the soul of man, or its organs rather, are reinvigorated each
33、day, and his Genius tries again what noble life it can make. All memorable events, I should say, transpire in morning time and in a morning atmosphere. The Vedas say, “All intelligences awake with the morning. “ Poetry and art, and the fairest and most memorable of the actions of men, date from such
34、 an hour. All poets and heroes, like Memnon, are the children of Aurora, and emit their music at sunrise. To him whose elastic and vigorous thought keeps pace with the sun, the day is a perpetual morning. It matters not what the clocks say or the attitudes and labors of men. Morning is when I am awa
35、ke and there is a dawn in me. Moral reform is the effort to throw off sleep. Why is it that men give so poor an account of their day if they have not been slumbering? They are not such poor calculators. If they had not been overcome with drowsiness, they would have performed something, The millions
36、are awake enough for physical labor; but only one in a million is awake enough for effective intellectual exertion, only one in a hundred millions to a poetic or divine life. To be awake is to be alive. I have never yet met a man who was quite awake. How could I have looked him in the face?We must l
37、earn to reawaken and keep ourselves awake, not by mechanical aids, but by an infinite expectation of the dawn, which does not forsake us in our soundest sleep. I know of no more encouraging fact than the unquestionable ability of man to elevate his life by a conscious endeavor. It is something to be
38、 able to paint a particular picture, or to carve a statue, and so to make a few objects beautiful; but it is far more glorious to carve and paint the very atmosphere and medium through which we look, which morally we can do. To affect the quality of the day, that is the highest of arts. Every man is
39、 tasked to make his life, even in its details, worthy of the contemplation of his most elevated and critical hour. If we refused, or rather used up, such paltry information as we get, the oracles would distinctly inform us how this might be done.（分数：6.00）(1).Identify the author and the work from whi
40、ch the passage is selected.(2 points)（分数：2.00）_(2).Define the literary school/trend to which the author belongs?(6 points)（分数：2.00）_(3).Comment on the above selected passages.(2 points)（分数：2.00）_It seemed as if he thought a while, for now he arose and turned the gas out, standing calmly in the black
41、ness, hidden from view. After a few moments, in which he reviewed nothing, but merely hesitated, he turned the gas on again, but applied no match. Even then he stood there, hidden wholly in that kindness which is night, while the uprising fumes filled the room. When the odor reached his nostrils, he
42、 quit his attitude and fumbled for the bed. “What“s the use?“ he said, weakly, as he stretched himself to rest.And now Carrie had attained that which in the beginning seemed life“s object, or, at least, such fraction of it as human beings ever attain of their original desires. She could look about o
43、n her gowns and carriage, her furniture and bank account. Friends there were, as the world takes itthose who would bow and smile in acknowledgment of her success. For these she had once craved. Applause there was, and publicityonce far off, essential things, but now grown trivial and indifferent. Beauty alsoher type of lovelinessand yet she was lonely. In her rocking-chair she sat, when not otherwise engagedsinging and
