1、2012 年北京航空航天大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.Symbol（分数：2.00）_2.Tragedy（分数：2.00）_3.Aesthetic distance（分数：2.00）_4.Ambiguity（分数：2.00）_5.Paradox（分数：2.00）_二、翻译题(总题数：2，分数：4.00)6.Translate the following English into Chinese.No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying
2、often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue. The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have
3、 been on a diet for the betteror worsepart of my life. Being rich wouldn“t be bad either, but that won“t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.（分数：2.00）_7.Translate the following Chinese into English. 人有时非常矛盾。本来活得好好的，各方面的环境都不错，然而当事者却常常心存
4、厌倦.对人类这种因生命的平淡和缺少激情而苦恼的心态，有时是不能用不知足来解释的。我曾对件在森林的一对夫妻羡慕不已，因为森林里有清新的空气，有大片的杉树、竹林，有幽静的林间小道，有鸟语和花香。然而，当这对夫妇知道有人羡慕他们的住所时，却神情诧异。他们认为这儿没有多少值得观光和留恋的景致，远不如城市丰富有趣。（分数：2.00）_三、分析题(总题数：9，分数：46.00)8.In Shakespeare“s Hamlet, the tragic hero Hamlet seems to be delaying his revenge. Why? Please give your explanatio
5、ns by in-depth analysis with textual evidences.（分数：2.00）_9.How do you understand the Enlightenment Spirit? Please illustrate your points by analyzing at least two literary works from the English eighteenth century.（分数：2.00）_10.How do you understand the nature of the American Dream? Please analyze th
6、e theme of American Dream as revealed in literary works with at least two examples.（分数：2.00）_When the sweet showers of April fall and shoot,Down throw the drought of March to pierce the root,Bathing every vein in liquid powerFrom which there springs the endangering of the flower,When also Zephyrus w
7、ith his sweet breathExhales an air in every grove and heathUpon the tender shoots, and the young sunHis half-course in the sign of the Ram has run,And the small fowl are making melodyThat sleep away the night with open eyeThen people long to go on pilgrimages.（分数：6.00）(1).Identify the author and the
8、 work from which the passage is selected.（分数：2.00）_(2).Why is the work regarded as a masterpiece?（分数：2.00）_(3).Comment on the language style of the writer.（分数：2.00）_And yet nothing had changed since the moments when he had been kissing her; or rather, nothing in the substance of things. But the esse
9、nce of things had changed.These and other of his words were nothing but the perfunctory babble of the surface while the depths remained paralyzed. He turned away, and bent over a chair.Shefollowed him to the middle of the room where he was, and stood there staring at him with eyes that did not weep.
10、 Presently she slid down upon her knees beside his foot, and from this position she crouched in a heap.“In the name of our love, forgive me!“ she whispered with a dry mouth. “I have forgiven you for the same ! “And, as he did not answer, she said again“Forgive me as you are forgiven! I forgive you,
11、Angel. “Youyes, you do. “But you do not forgive me?“O., forgiveness does not apply to the case! You were one person; now you are another. My Godhow can forgiveness meet such a grotesqueprestidigitation as that!“He paused, contemplating this definition; then suddenly broke into horrible laughteras un
12、natural and ghastly as a laugh in hell.“Don“tdon“t! It kills me quite, that!“ she shrieked. “O have mercy upon mehave mercy!“He did not answer; and, sickly white, she jumped up.（分数：6.00）(1).Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.（分数：2.00）_(2).Analyze the significance of
13、the book“s subtitle.（分数：2.00）_(3).Analyze the personality of the heroine and hero.（分数：2.00）_She became aware of something about her. With an effort she roused herself to see what it was that penetrated her consciousness. The tall white lilies were reeling in the moonlight, and the air was charged wi
14、th their perfume, as with a presence. Mrs. Morel gasped slightly in fear. She touched the big, pallid flowers on their petals, then shivered. They seemed to be stretching in the moonlight. She put her hand into one white bin: the gold scarcely showed on her fingers by moonlight. She bent down to loo
15、k at the binful of yellow pollen; but it only appeared dusky. Then she drank a deep draught of the scent. It almost made her dizzy.Mrs. Morel leaned on the garden gate,looking out,and she lost herself awhile. She did not know what she thought. Except for a slight feeling of sickness, and her conscio
16、usness in the child, herself melted out like scent into the shiny, pale air. After a time the child, too, melted with her in the mixing-pot of moonlight, and she rested with the hills and lilies and houses, all swum together in a kind of swoon.（分数：6.00）(1).Identify the author and the work from which
17、 the passage is selected.（分数：2.00）_(2).Define the author“s realism with the analysis of the above text.（分数：2.00）_(3).What is theme of his work? Also explain the author“s understanding of sexuality.（分数：2.00）_The founders of a new colony, whatever Utopia of human virtue and happiness they might origin
18、ally project, have invariably recognised it among their earliest practical necessities to allot a portion of the virgin soil as a cemetery, and another portion as the site of a prison. In accordance with this rule, it may safely be assumed that the forefathers of Boston had built the first prison-ho
19、use somewhere in the vicinity of Cornhill, almost as seasonably as they marked out the first burial-ground, on Isaac Johnson“s lot, and round about his grave, which subsequently became the nucleus of all the congregated sepulchres in the old churchyard of King“s Chapel. Certain it is that, some fift
20、een or twenty years after the settlement of the town, the wooden jail was already marked with weather-stains and other indications of age, which gave a yet darker aspect to its beetle-browed and gloomy front. The rust on the ponderous iron-work of its oaken door looked more antique than anything els
21、e in the New World. Like all that pertains to crime, it seemed never to have known a youthful era. Before this ugly edifice, and between it and the wheel-track of the street,was a grass-plot, much overgrown with burdock, pig-weed, apple-peru, and such unsightly vegetation, which evidently found some
22、thing congenial in the soil that had so early borne the black flower of civilised society, a prison. But, on one side of the portal, and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and
23、fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.This rose-bush,by a strange chance, has been kept alive in history; but whether it had merely survived out of the stern old w
24、ilderness, so long after the fall of the gigantic pines and oaks that originally overshadowed itor whether, as there is fair authority for believing, it had sprung up under the footsteps of the sainted Ann Hutchinson, as she entered the prison-door, we shall not take upon us to determine. Finding it
25、 so directly on the threshold of our narrative, which is now about to issue from that inauspicious portal, we could hardly do otherwise than pluck one of its flowers, and present it to the reader. It may serve, let us hope, to symbolise some sweet moral blossom, that may be found along the track, or
26、 relieve the darkening close of a tale of human frailty and sorrow.But the point which drew all eyes, and, as it were, transfigured the wearer, so that both men and women, who had been familiarly acquainted with Hester Prynne, were now impressed as if they beheld her for the first time, was that sca
27、rlet letter, so fantastically embroidered and illuminated upon her bosom. It had the effect of a spell, taking her out of the ordinary relations with humanity, and inclosing her in a sphere by herself.（分数：10.00）(1).Identify the author of the work from which the passage is selected.（分数：2.00）_(2).What
28、 is the structure of the story?（分数：2.00）_(3).What are the symbolic meanings of the letter borne by the heroine?（分数：2.00）_(4).What are the symbolic meanings of the four major protagonists?（分数：2.00）_(5).Comment on the selected passages.（分数：2.00）_There was, of course, a catch.“Catch-22?“ inquired Yossa
29、rian.“Of course,“ Colonel Korn answered pleasantly, after he had chased the mighty M. P. s out with an insouciant flick of his hand and a slightly contemptuousmost relaxed, as always, when he could he most cynical. His rimless square eyeglasses glinted with sly amusement as he gazed at Yossarian. “A
30、fter all, we can“t simply send you home for refusing to fly more missions and keep the rest of the men here, can we? That would hardly be fair to them.（分数：6.00）(1).Identify the author from which the passage is selected.（分数：2.00）_(2).What is the absurd rule or regulation in the novel?（分数：2.00）_(3).Wh
31、at writing technique is the novel famous for?（分数：2.00）_The Apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.（分数：6.00）(1).Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.（分数：2.00）_(2).What literary school does the poet belong to? Please give a definition of tha
32、t school.（分数：2.00）_(3).Please analyze the poem.（分数：2.00）_2012 年北京航空航天大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.Symbol（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Symbol, in literary sense, is a specially evocative kind of image, that is, a word or phrase referring to a concrete object, scene, or acti
33、on which also has some further significance associated with it. For example, the white whale in Melville“s Moby Dick is a symbol.)解析：2.Tragedy（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Tragedy is a serious play or by extension a novel that represents the disastrous downfall of a central character. For example, Shakespear
34、e“s King Lear and Macbeth are tragedies.)解析：3.Aesthetic distance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Aesthetic distance refers to the gap between a viewer“s conscious reality and the fictional reality presented in a work of art. William Faulkner tends to invoke a close aesthetic distance by using the first person n
35、arrative and stream of consciousness, while Ernest Hemingway tends to invoke a greater aesthetic distance from the readers by using the third person narrative.)解析：4.Ambiguity（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Ambiguity is the openness to different interpretations, or an instance in which some use of language may
36、be understood in diverse ways. The simplest kind of ambiguity is achieved by the use of pun, such as “The peasants are revolting“ , which can be interpreted as “The peasants are fighting against authority“, or “They are disgusting“.)解析：5.Paradox（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Paradox is a statement or expressi
37、on so surprisingly self-contradictory as to provoke us into seeking another sense or context in which it would be true. Shakespeare“s “the truest poetry is the most feigning“ is a notable literary example of paradox.)解析：二、翻译题(总题数：2，分数：4.00)6.Translate the following English into Chinese.No woman can
38、be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue. The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow d
39、esigner clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the betteror worsepart of my life. Being rich wouldn“t be bad either, but that won“t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：女人的钱再多也不嫌多，女人再瘦也不嫌瘦。这句经常被认为是已故温莎公爵夫人说的话体现了我们时代的独特精神。瘦被视为这样一种美德。持这种观点的问题在于一些人实际上企图以此为生。我自己就幻想很快能套上瘦小的时装。结果，我一
