1、2012 年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.It was with great effort that the_between the two families was finally arranged.（分数：2.00）A.restorationB.revelationC.retaliationD.reconciliation2.The police caught the thief on the street and_him into their van.（分数：2.00
2、）A.probedB.hustledC.copedD.smoldered3.I“ve just received an_note telling me that the goods have been dispatched.（分数：2.00）A.invoiceB.enquiryC.orderD.advisory4.He is a funny-looking man with _cheerful face and always encourages _free-thinking in_young.（分数：2.00）A.a, the, /B.a, /, aC.the, the, theD.a, /
3、, the5.The government is financing a study of the effects on human of living in a megalopolis. The underlined word means_.（分数：2.00）A.an apartment in a large buildingB.a dangerous part of a city submissionC.an extremely large cityD.a city with a large police force6.The unusual design of the new boat
4、is a leap in the dark by the shipbuilders. The underlined phrase means_.（分数：2.00）A.a product made in secretB.a piece of work full of creativityC.a very big mistakeD.an act without knowing the consequence7.The French news agency_a statement from the Trade Minister.（分数：2.00）A.put outB.made outC.took o
5、utD.came out8.If you think you may be allergic to a food or drink,_ it from your diet.（分数：2.00）A.diminishB.abandonC.deleteD.eliminate9.She deserves a big_for her very efficient co-ordination of the scholarship workers and camp chore assignments.（分数：2.00）A.commendationB.commentationC.commentaryD.comm
6、ent10.Many_purchasers want personal real estate because homes reflect our social standing and financial success.（分数：2.00）A.perspectiveB.prosperousC.prospectiveD.prospectus11.1837 marks the_of the slave trade in the British Empire.（分数：2.00）A.abolishmentB.abolishingC.abolishD.oblilition12.Thousands of
7、 refugees will die if theses supplies don“t_them.（分数：2.00）A.get through toB.get around toC.get on toD.get about to13.We found a hotel room in the end because of a late_.（分数：2.00）A.reservationB.cancellationC.check-inD.registration14.Inside, antiques, family paintings and period furniture enhance the
8、elegance and character inherent in this finely_manor house.（分数：2.00）A.proportionedB.preferentialC.homogeneousD.hallucinating15.I_in the shade like all the other tourists, then I_burned.（分数：2.00）A.should be.will not haveB.shouldn“t have been.would beC.shouldn“t be.wouldn“t haveD.should have been,woul
9、dn“t have got16.He speaks the language so well he could easily_ a German.（分数：2.00）A.pass forB.be passed forC.be passed asD.pass by17.The pair go shopping together, eat out and have recently_at a celebrity function.（分数：2.00）A.been holdingB.being heldC.heldD.been seen holding18.Do you mean that you wo
10、uld rather have the claim brought to court if_?（分数：2.00）A.it need beB.need beC.needs beD.need for19.Any decline in the number of game birds was due to_habitat, over-grazing and th loss of heather moorland.（分数：2.00）A.deterioratedB.deterioratingC.deteriorateD.deterioration20.The plan was brilliant in
11、its_but failed because of lack of money.（分数：2.00）A.conceptB.conceptualC.conceptionD.intention二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：40.00)This is not a good time to be foreign. Anti-immigrant parties are gaining ground in Europe. Britain has been fretting this week over lapses in its border controls. In Am
12、erica Barack Obama has failed to deliver the immigration reform he promised, and Republican presidential candidates would rather electrify the border fence with Mexico than educate the children of illegal aliens. America educates foreign scientists in its universities and then expels them, a policy
13、the mayor of New York calls “national suicide“. This illiberal turn in attitudes to migration is no surprise. It is the result of cyclical economic gloom combined with a secular rise in pressure on rich countries“ borders. But governments now weighing up whether or not to try to slam the door should
14、 consider another factor; the growing economic importance of Diasporas, and the contribution they can make to a country“s economic growth. Diaspora networksof Huguenots, Scots, Jews and many othershave always been a potent economic force, but the cheapness and ease of modern travel has made them lar
15、ger and more numerous than ever before. There are now 215m first-generation migrants around the world: that“s 3% of the world“s population. If they were a nation, it would be a little larger than Brazil. There are more Chinese people living outside China than there are French people in France. Some
16、22m Indians are scattered all over the globe. Small concentrations of ethnic and linguistic groups have always been found in surprising placesLebanese in West Africa, Japanese in Brazil and Welsh in Patagonia , for instancebut they have been joined by newer ones, such as west Africans in southern Ch
17、ina. These networks of kinship and language make it easier to do business across borders. Theyspeed the flow of information. Trust matters, especially in emerging markets where the rule of law is weak. So does a knowledge of the local culture. And modern communications make these networks an even mo
18、re powerful tool of business. Diasporas also help spread ideas. Many of the emerging world“s brightest minds are educated at Western universities. An increasing number go home, taking with them both knowledge and contacts. Indian computer scientists in Bangalore bounce ideas constantly off their Ind
19、ian friends in Silicon Valley. China“s technology industry is dominated by “sea turtles“ (Chinese who have lived a-broad and returned). Diasporas spread money, too. Migrants into rich countries not only send cash to their families; they also help companies in their host country operate in their home
20、 country. A Harvard Business School study shows that, American companies that employ lots of ethnic Chinese people find it much easier to set up in China without a joint venture with a local firm. Such arguments are unlikely to make much headway against hostility towards immigrants in rich countries
21、. Fury against foreigners is usually based on two (mutually incompatible) notions; that because so many migrants claim welfare they are a drain on the public purse; and that because they are prepared to work harder for less pay they will depress the wages of those at the bottom of the pile. The firs
22、t is usually not true (in Britain, for instance, immigrants claim benefits less than indigenous people do) , and the second is hard to establish either way. Some studies do indeed suggest that competition from unskilled immigrants depresses the wages of unskilled locals. But others find this effect
23、to be small or non-existent. Nor is it possible to establish the impact of migration on overall growth. The sums are simply too difficult. Yet there are good reasons for believing that it is likely to be positive. Migrants tend to be hard-working and innovative. That spurs productivity and company f
24、ormation. A recent study carried out by Duke University showed that, while immigrants make up an eighth of America“s population , they founded a quarter of the country“s technology and engineering firms. And, by linking the West with emerging markets, Diasporas help rich countries to plug into fast-
25、growing economies. Rich countries are thus likely to benefit from looser immigration policy; and fears that poor countries will suffer as a result of a “brain drain“ are overblown. The prospect of working abroad spurs more people to acquire valuable skills, and not all subsequently emigrate. Skilled
26、 migrants send money home, and they often return to set up new businesses. One study found that unless they lose more than 20% of their university graduates, the brain drain makes poor countries richer.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “ Diaspora“ in this passage means_.（分数：2.00）A.the movement of the Jewish pe
27、ople away from their own country to live and work in other countriesB.the movement of people from any nation or group away from their own countryC.any group that has been dispersed outside its traditional homelandD.a dispersion of an originally homogeneous entity, such as a language or culture(2).Th
28、e author“s attitude towards “Diasporas“ is that_.（分数：2.00）A.There is increasing hostility towards immigrants in rich countries.B.Immigrant networks are a rare bright spark in the world economy and rich countries should welcome them.C.The Diasporas should return to their homelands so that poor countr
29、ies will not suffer as a result of “brain drain“.D.Hard-working immigrants will depress the wages of the locals although they may greatly increase productivity.(3).Which of the following is true?（分数：2.00）A.Many immigrants claim much more benefits than the locals.B.All research findings show that the
30、 competition from unskilled immigrants depresses the wages of unskilled locals.C.Migrants into rich countries tend to send cash back to their families and have become a drain on the public purse.D.Diasporas help rich countries establish business tie9 with emerging markets in their home countries.(4)
31、.It can be inferred from the passage that_（分数：2.00）A.Immigrants are prepared to work harder for less pay, which can stimulate the locals to work even harder.B.With the increasing number of Diasporas, they will form a new nation in the world.C.The number of skilled migrants returning home is increasi
32、ng.D.The networks of kinship and language contribute to international business by taking advantage of legal loopholes.(5).In which of the following aspect can the “sea turtles“ make contributions to their homeland?（分数：2.00）A.They return home with knowledge and contracts to set up new businesses.B.Th
33、ey help companies in their home country operate in their host country.C.They work harder for less pay.D.They help to achieve a lower unemployment rate.With thunderclouds looming over the trans-Atlantic economy, it was easy to miss a bright piece of news last weekend from the other crucible of world
34、trade, the Pacific Rim. In Honolulu, where Barack Obama hosted a summit of Asia-Pacific leaders, Canada, Japan and Mexico expressed interest in joining nine countries ( America, Australia, Brunei, Chile, Malaysia, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore and Vietnam) in discussing a free-trade pact. Altogether,
35、 the possible members of the Trans-Pacific Partnership(TPP) produce 40% of world GDPfar more than the European Union. Regional trade deals are not always a good idea. If they distract policymakers from global trade liberalization, they are to be discouraged. But with the Doha round of global trade t
36、alks showing no flicker of life, there is little danger that the TPP will derail a broader agreement; and by cutting barriers, strengthening intellectual-property protections and going beyond a web of existing tradedeals, it should boost world trade. The creation of a wider TPP is still some way off
37、. For it to come into being its architectsMr. Obama, who faces a tough election battle next year, and Japan“s Yoshihiko Noda, who faces crony politics laced with passionate protectionismneed to show more leadership. Mr. Noda“s announcement on November 11 th that Japan was interested in joining the T
38、PP negotiations was an exceedingly bold move. Signing up would mean dramatic changes in Japan, a country which has 800% tariffs on rice and exports 65 vehicles to America for every one that is sent to Japan. Mr. Noda“s move could also transform the prospects of the TPP, most obviously by uniting two
39、 of the world“s leading three economies but also by galvanizing others. Until he expressed an interest, Canada and Mexico had also remained on the sidelines. Unwittingly or not, Mr. Noda has thrust mercantilist Japan into a central position on a trade treaty in which free movement of everything exce
40、pt labor is on the table. Immense obstacles loom for Mr. Noda. He came into office in September casting himself as a conciliator of Japan“s warring political factions. Many of those groups are opposed to the TPP. Farm co-operatives, which feather many a politician“s nest, argue that it would rob Jap
41、an of its rice heritage, doctors warn of the risks to Japan“s cherished health system. Socialists see the TPP as a Washington-led sideswipe at China, which had hoped to build an East Asian trade orbit including Japan. Mr. Nora will have to contend not just with Opposition from rival parties but also
42、 with a split on the issue inside his Democratic Party of Japan. Since Honolulu, Mr. Noda has already pandered to protectionists by watering down his message. Having beamed next to Mr. Obama in a summit photo; he then protested that the White House had overstated his intention to put all goods and s
43、ervices up for negotiation. Polls, however, suggest the Japanese are crying out for Leadership on the issue, not pusillanimity. More support the idea of entering TPP negotiations than oppose it. On their behalf Mr. Noda should lead Japan forth-rightly into the discussions, confident that the bbuntry
44、 carl bargain well enough to give its sacred industries such as farming and health care time to adjust. It is also a test for Mr. Obama“s new strategy of coping with China“s rise by “pivoting“ American foreign policy more towards Asia. He must stand up to the unions in the car industry which have lo
45、ng bellyached about the imbalance of trade with Japan. He should energetically promote the potential gains for jobs of his pro-Asia strategyboth at home and abrdad. America should also stress that the TPP is meant to engage and incorporate China, rather than constrain it Such steps would help win su
46、pport in Japan, while costing America little. And in joining the TPP, Japan would be forced to reform hidebound parts of its economy, such as services, which would stimulate growth. A revitalized Japan would add to the dynamism of a more liberalized Asia-Pacific region. That is surely something wort
47、h fighting for.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following main messages was conveyed in this passage?（分数：2.00）A.An inspiring idea to liberalize transpacific trade hinges on the courage of America and, especially, Japan.B.TPP is meant to engage and incorporate China, rather than constrain it.C.The farming
48、and health care industries in Japan would be severely affected by the TPP.D.TPP as a Washington-led sideswipe at China will win support in Japan and add to a more liberalized Asia-Pacific region.(2).Which of the majority of the following groups has Mr. Noda“s decision to join the TPP negotiations ga
49、ined support from?（分数：2.00）A.His Democratic Party of JapanB.Farm co-operatives and doctorsC.Socialists and protectionistsD.The public(3).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.The members of the TPP produce 40% of world GDPfar more than the EU.B.The farming and health care industries in Japan could be affected by the TPP.C.The car industry in America has complained a lot about the trade with Japan.D.Before Mr. Noda announce
