1、2008年对外经济贸易大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案与解析 一、选择题 1 Even though he knew that his mother had been ill, he did not have the propriety to write her. （ A） decency. （ B） posterity （ C） apathy （ D） eulogy 2 The constant motion of the earth as it turns on its axis creates the change of the seasons. （ A） perfidious （
2、 B） plausible （ C） perilous （ D） perpetual 3 His former employer recommended him highly as having been a very industrious worker. （ A） affluent （ B） cogent （ C） diligent （ D） extinct 4 His arrogant manner has kept him from being very popular. （ A） waxy （ B） sleazy （ C） surly （ D） flimsy 5 The mailma
3、n approached the house cautiously because of the vicious dog. （ A） hastily （ B） precisely （ C） warily （ D） deliberately 6 Unorganized guessing will probably not raise your score as significantly as choosing one letter as a “guess answer“ for the entire examination. （ A） Cryptic （ B） Haphazard （ C） L
4、eisure （ D） Subsequent 7 The Mona Lisa is the portrait of a woman with a very enticing smile. （ A） oblivious （ B） luminous （ C） alluring （ D） elusive 8 Electrical energy may be separated into two components specified as positive and negative. （ A） germinated （ B） designated （ C） accumulated （ D） con
5、taminated 9 The tables in this display are on sale because they have a few imperfections in the finish. （ A） defects （ B） suspects （ C） rejects （ D） reflects 10 Mail service will be suspended because of the postal workers strike. （ A） deprived （ B） abridged （ C） shrunk （ D） curtailed 11 Aerobic exer
6、cises create a_oxygen in the body without seriously disrupting normal body functions. （ A） demand （ B） demanding （ C） demanding of （ D） demand for 12 The beaver chews down trees to get food and material_its home. （ A） builds （ B） it can build （ C） that it builds （ D） with which to build 13 _native t
7、o Europe, the Daisy has now spread throughout most of North America. （ A） Although （ B） If it were （ C） In spite of （ D） That it is 14 Of the thousands of varieties of bird species in North America,_bright red plumage, like the cardinal, are most often designated as state bird. （ A） those that have
8、（ B） who have （ C） which have （ D） to have their 15 _mechanical device has ever been invented that can satisfactorily replace teasel flower heads for raising the nap on cloth. （ A） No （ B） Not the （ C） Never has a （ D） There is no 二、完形填空 15 Complete the text by choosing one word from the box below f
9、or each blank marked 1 to 15.(2 points each)Science as a Source of Trustworthy Knowledge Why turn to research and the procedures of science to understand the process and effects of mass communication? Are there【 C1】 _other valid sources of trustworthy knowledge? The answer, of course, is【 C2】 _; peo
10、ple over the centuries have used many other sources to answer their questions. But each has its advantages and limitations. For example, 【 C3】_centuries people have found answers to important questions in religion, because it provides revelations from the supernatural. That seems like a reliable sou
11、rce, and for many kinds of questions, 【 C4】 _is. However, for something as complex and technical as modern mass media, religion might not provide particularly detailed or helpful information. Trustworthy knowledge can【 C5】 _be gained from interpretations by authorities. 【 C6】 _ancient times, those w
12、ere such individuals as oracles, priests, philosophers, and kings. Today, they might be prominent business leaders, politicians, educators, and other distinguished people. Contemporary society seems to have an abundance of【 C7】 _people instantly ready to provide others with their interpretations and
13、 pronouncements about the influences of mass communication. The【 C8】 _is that these sources are not consistent, and one authority or critic often contradicts another of equal distinction. 【 C9】 _that reason, their interpretations have limitations. Another alternative is【 C10】 _. People in many socie
14、ties have long relied on their culturally established beliefs to guide them to truth. 【 C11】 _, if conventional or traditional wisdom said that the earth was flat, then it was clear to most people that【 C12】 _was the truth. In the case of mass communication, this source is not particularly useful, 【
15、 C13】 _the media constantly change and traditions have not had a chance to become firmly established over many generations. 【 C14】 _, common sense has always seemed a reliable guide to the truth. Common sense tells us that the media are very powerful and that people can be readily manipulated and co
16、ntrolled by advertisers, political campaign strategists, and others who shape media content. A serious shortcoming of this kind of truth is that many such efforts【 C15】 _because people are not that easy to persuade. They select what they want from the media and interpret it in their own unique ways.
17、 16 【 C1】 17 【 C2】 18 【 C3】 19 【 C4】 20 【 C5】 21 【 C6】 22 【 C7】 23 【 C8】 24 【 C9】 25 【 C10】 26 【 C11】 27 【 C12】 28 【 C13】 29 【 C14】 30 【 C15】 三、选词填空 30 Complete the text by choosing one sentence from the box below for each blank marked 1 to 5.(4 points each)A Bank in Every Pocket? The idea that mobi
18、le phones bring economic benefits is now widely accepted. In places with bad roads, few trains and parlous land lines, they substitute for travel, allow price data to be distributed more quickly and easily, enable traders to reach wider markets and generally ease the business of doing business. Leon
19、ard Waverman of the London Business School has estimated that an extra ten mobile phones per 100 people in a typical developing country leads to an extra half a percentage point of growth in GDP per person. To realize the economic benefits of mobile phones, governments in such countries need to do a
20、way with state monopolies, issue new licenses to allow rival operators to enter the market and slash taxes on handsets. 【 K1】 _. As mobile phones have spread, a new economic benefit is coming into view: using them forbanking, and so improving access to financial services, not just telecoms networks.
21、 【 K2】 _. These “branchless“ schemes typically allow customers to deposit and withdraw cash through a mobile operators airtime-resale agents, and send money to other people via text messages that can be exchanged for cash by visiting an agent. Workers can then be paid by phone; taxi-drivers and deli
22、very-drivers can accept payments without carrying cash around; money can be easily sent to friends and family. A popular use is to deposit money before making a long journey and then withdraw it at the other end, which is safer than carrying lots of cash. There is no need to set up a national networ
23、k of branches or cash machines. M-banking schemes can be combined with microfinance loans, extending access to credit and enabling users to establish a credit history. Some schemes issue customers with debit cards linked to their m-banking accounts. All this has the potential to give the “unbanked“
24、masses access to financial services, and bring them into the formal economy. What can governments do to foster m-banking? As with the spread of mobile phones themselves, a lot depends on putting the right regulations in place. 【 K3】 _. The existing banking model is both over and under-protective, sa
25、ys Tim Lyman of the World Bank, because “it did not foresee the convergence of telecommunications and financial services“. In many countries only licensed banks are allowed to collect deposits. Even if a mobile operator forms a partnership with a bank, its agents may have to comply with banking rule
26、s covering everything from the height of the counter to the installation of alarms. Financial institutions may have to provide detailed statements to the central bank every week, which is tricky for organizations with agents in remote areas. Some countries have rigid rules on the documents demanded
27、of anybody opening an account, which excludes many. 【 K4】 _. Allowing institutions other than banks to enter the market makes sense, provided regulatory oversight and consumer-protection measures are in place. Strict proof of identity may not be needed for some customers, given the small sums involv
28、ed. And existing m-banking schemes set a limit on the size of transactions that is low enough to deter money-launderers but high enough to satisfy most customers. The regulatory approach being taken in the Philippines provides a good model for other countries. 【 K5】 _That way the regulator can see w
29、hat is going on, so the schemes operators get more flexibility. The experience will feed into new banking regulations. Rules that are too tight will hinder adoption; rules that are too lax could allow fraudsters to bring the whole idea of branchless banking into disrepute. But if regulators strike t
30、he right balance, m-banking may provide the next example of the mobile phones transformational power. 31 【 K1】 32 【 K2】 33 【 K3】 34 【 K4】 35 【 K5】 四、短文改错 35 In each numbered line of the following text, there is one unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the se
31、nse of the text. For each numbered line 1-10, find the unnecessary word and then write the word on your Answer Sheet. The following are two examples(0)and(00). 0=for / 00= ADVERTISEMENT FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS TRAINEES 0 You are a graduate with a good degree which proves you have the capacity for to
32、 00 learn. Your degree course probably included plenty of Information Technology, 【 M1】 which you really enjoyed yourself, or you have a real interest in this exciting area. 【 M2】 It is a career you would like to follow but how do you go about getting into it? 【 M3】 Median Life is currently recruiti
33、ng graduates for entry up to the Information 【 M4】 Systems division. After eight weeks intensive training, you will be all equipped 【 M5】 with the skills to start making such a real contribution to the running of Europes 【 M6】 largest life assurance company. You will join a small team and work on th
34、e projects 【 M7】 of varying size and complexity, or using some of the most-to-date technology in 【 M8】 existence. If you show the necessary enthusiasm and determination that we will give 【 M9】 you every opportunity to work your way up to the very top. While trainees will 【 M10】 be based at our head
35、offices, which are in the center of the lively and beautiful city of Edinburgh. 36 【 M1】 37 【 M2】 38 【 M3】 39 【 M4】 40 【 M5】 41 【 M6】 42 【 M7】 43 【 M8】 44 【 M9】 45 【 M10】 45 In each numbered line of the following text, there is one unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not f
36、it in with the sense of the text. For each numbered line 1-10, find the unnecessary word and then write the word on your Answer Sheet. The following are two examples(0)and(00). 0=/ 00=are When to recruit? 0 In a small business, deciding when to take on new staff is a delicate calculation. On 00 the
37、one hand, if you are increase your workforce, you might find it difficult to cover 【 M11】 for the increased costs straight away. On the other hand, extra staff could 【 M12】 enable you to spend more time on activities such as marketing, which in the 【 M13】 end should mean the increased profits. A use
38、ful way of deciding when to increase 【 M14】 your workforce is to ask yourself if you can make enough of extra sales to meet 【 M15】 the cost of taking on with an extra employee. But even if you are not able to 【 M16】 increase your sales immediately, you may still be able to employ someone. 【 M17】 In
39、this such case, however, you must keep your business going until you have built 【 M18】 your sales up to the new level you need. If in the end you are clever enough to 【 M19】 Get your timing so right, you will not want to throw away your advantage by 【 M20】 employing the wrong type person. The whole
40、process of advertising and interviewing can take around many months, so finding you made a mistake and. 46 【 M11】 47 【 M12】 48 【 M13】 49 【 M14】 50 【 M15】 51 【 M16】 52 【 M17】 53 【 M18】 54 【 M19】 55 【 M20】 五、填空题 55 In this section, there are 10 sentences with idiomatic usages. Fill in the gap of each
41、sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of the word is given as a hint. 56 To h_around is to spend time somewhere doing nothing 57 To hide your light under a b_is not to tell anyone that you are good at something. 58 To leave no s_unturned is to do everything you can in order to find som
42、ething or to solve a problem. 59 “There is no t_“ means there is no way to know what will happen in a certain situation. 60 To have a heart of g_means to have a very kind character. 61 When you accept criticism or punishment for something you have done, you can say “to face the m_“. 62 Nigel always
43、won h_down in any competition,(very easily) 63 If someone raises his/her e_, he/she is very much surprised or shows disapproval. 64 To be hard upon someones h_is to follow him/her closely. 65 If someone is ill at e_, they are nervous, uncomfortable or embarrassed. 六、翻译 65 In this section, you will r
44、ead 10 sentences with idiomatic expressions underlined. Explain in your own words what these expressions mean. 66 For a moment, I was completely taken aback by her request. 67 It seems that the deal was made behind closed doors. 68 A little more glue should do the job. 69 Jack was kicked upstairs wh
45、en he refused to carry out the orders from his higher-ups. 70 His resignation left a lot of work hanging in the air. 71 He always wanted to be the top dog, so he offended many people. 72 None of her books lends itself to being made into a film. 73 We humans came by our hungry brains in a long proces
46、s of evolution. 74 Listening to ghost stories made my flesh creep. 75 This teacher likes to blow his own trumpet in class. 七、阅读理解 75 Read the following passage and then complete the sentences that follow by using either words from the text or your own invention that fit the gaps. This has to be spec
47、ified: The Reformation initiated the abolition of either saint or priest as mediator between God and man. this meant, on the one hand, democratization(and intensification)of the structure of belief(and of mans “whole way of life“); and, on the other hand, the weak subject(“ego“), which was still in
48、the process of developing something like an individual(social)identity, had to identify itself with the aggressor, i.e., the(potentially)punishing and terrible God. If the individual was to survive without the help of mediators it could not but identify with the institution that actually threatened
49、its existence. This identification led to a decisive revaluation of values, the result was a re-interpretation of the Fall: Calvinism in particular tended to make its adherents forget the idea that labor was Gods punishment for Adams disobedience, by emphasizing the very different idea that untiring stewardship of the material gifts of God was a paramount religious and ethical obligation. Consequently, Bac
