1、2016 年北京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案解析(总分：98.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.This liquid is highly_; it should be kept in a tightly stopped bottle.（分数：2.00）A.volatileB.volubleC.voluptuousD.voracious2.The_workroom has not been used in years.（分数：2.00）A.bereftB.bustlingC.derelictD.stricken3.He refu
2、sed to see anyone and remained a_all his life.（分数：2.00）A.hereticB.fugitiveC.hermitD.veteran4.This spacious room is_furnished with just a few articles in it.（分数：2.00）A.lightlyB.sparselyC.hardlyD.rarely5.By the end of the 19th century Arthur Rackham was devoting most of his time to book_, though he al
3、so drew for magazine.（分数：2.00）A.illustrationB.designationC.restorationD.identification6.I could not wish for a more_occasion to announce my plan to enlarge our establishment.（分数：2.00）A.benignB.ominousC.propitiousD.portentous7.The effectiveness of government depends on the willingness of the governed
4、 to give up some degree of freedom and_the laws in return for the assurance of an orderly existence.（分数：2.00）A.profit byB.resort toC.conform toD.abide by8.She has taken a (n) _to wearing my shoes around the house.（分数：2.00）A.interestB.fancyC.crushD.mania9.Ever since the rise of industrialism, educati
5、on has been_towards producing workers.（分数：2.00）A.harnessedB.hatchedC.motivatedD.geared10.Overindulgence_character as well as physical stamina.（分数：2.00）A.debilitatesB.disregardsC.fortifiesD.strengthens11.Well_you for any damage done to your house while we are in it.（分数：2.00）A.compensateB.remedyC.supp
6、lementD.retrieve12.For all their Continental_, Europeans can be remarkably lax about e-mail security.（分数：2.00）A.fastidiousnessB.fraternityC.frugalityD.futility13.At the_of his power, Powhatan ruled so many Algonquian tribes that he needed eight interpreters just to converse with members of his own a
7、ffiliated tribes.（分数：2.00）A.ascentB.fatigueC.sphereD.zenith14.We met Mary and her husband at a party two months ago. _weve had no further communication.（分数：2.00）A.ThereofB.TherebyC.ThereafterD.Thereabouts15.Even though you just got fired, remember_ at least you dont have to work for that grouchy bos
8、s anymore!（分数：2.00）A.that it happens only once in a blue moonB.which side your bread is buttered onC.that every cloud has a silver liningD.that it is not yet time to throw in the towel16.That old man is more than 80 years old, but he is as fit as a_.（分数：2.00）A.fadB.fetterC.flintD.fiddle17.The speake
9、r had to_in the middle of his speech because of shouts of protest from the audience.（分数：2.00）A.break downB.break outC.break offD.break up18.In times of difficulty, he had to_his family by selling newspapers.（分数：2.00）A.care forB.provide forC.attend onD.wait on19.Not until the 1850s_in New York seek t
10、o rescue historic building from destruction or alteration.（分数：2.00）A.some concerned citizensB.did some concerned citizensC.some citizens concernedD.when some concerned citizens did20.His reputation in his profession was_he grew rich, and retired to an estate.（分数：2.00）A.so as thatB.such as thatC.so t
11、hatD.such that21.The square is 500 yards wide, five times_the size of St. Peters in Rome.（分数：2.00）A./B.that ofC.which isD.of22.The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, _to the body.（分数：2.00）A.the stress it is greaterB.greater is the stressC.greater stress isD.
12、the greater the stress23.The board deemed it urgent that these files_right away.（分数：2.00）A.had to be printedB.should have been printedC.must be printedD.should be printed24._, in the late 1800s, some libraries had to keep as many as twenty to thirty copies of each of Mary Jane Holmess books on hand.
13、（分数：2.00）A.Inventories showingB.That show inventoriesC.Inventories show thatD.Showing the inventories25.The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds_his argument in favor of the new theory.（分数：2.00）A.which to base onB.on which to baseC.to base on whichD.which to be based on26.King Wu died shortl
14、y after the conquest, _.（分数：2.00）A.leaving a huge territory to be consolidatedB.a huge territory was left to be consolidatedC.left a huge territory to consolidateD.that consolidated a huge territory to be left27.All matter, _, is made up of atoms.（分数：2.00）A.whether it be gas, liquid or solidB.no mat
15、ter gas, liquid or solidC.being it gas, liquid or solidD.which is gas, liquid or solid28.We_the letter yesterday, but it didnt arrive.（分数：2.00）A.must receiveB.ought to receiveC.must have receivedD.ought to have received29.Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion ab
16、out economic recovery _just around the corner was untrue.（分数：2.00）A.would beB.to beC.wasD.being30.Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage_.（分数：2.00）A.is to be avoidedB.can be avoidedC.will be avoidedD.has been avoided二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：36.00)Can
17、 electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems preposterous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of leukemia and ot
18、her malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusive and often c
19、ontradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimate or the worst kind of paranoia. Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of a new scientific review, rele
20、ased in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence “suggests a casual link“ between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields those having very long wave lengths and le
21、ukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer. While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as “ a possible , but not proven, cause of cancer in humans. “ The report is no reason to panic or even to lost sleep. If there is a
22、cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the government, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the White House. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that mu
23、ch more research is needed. At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electric current passes through a wire, it generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces on surrounding objects. For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such f
24、orces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only a few milligauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earths own magnetic field. The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as high as 10 kil
25、o volts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 millivolt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate. How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they could not, and for de
26、cades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such “ionizing“ radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulations to control emission
27、s. But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those effects could lead to cance
28、rous growths has never been found. The Pentagon is far from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having “biased the entire document“ toward proving a link. “Our reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that (electromag
29、netic fields) present in the environment induce or promote cancer,“ the Air Force concludes. “It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprimatur on this report.“ Then Pentagons concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit of the modern military that does not depend on the heavy use of som
30、e kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.（分数：10.00）(1).The main idea of this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.studies on the cause of cancerB.controversial viewpoints on the cause of cancerC.the relationship between electrici
31、ty and cancerD.different ideas about the effect of electricity on cancer(2).The viewpoint of the EPA is_.（分数：2.00）A.there is casual link between electricity and cancerB.electricity really affects cancerC.electromagnetic fields with long wave lengths are safeD.low-frequency electromagnetic fields are
32、 a possible cause of cancer(3).Why did the Pentagon object to the release of the report? Because_.（分数：2.00）A.it may stir a great deal of debate in the governmentB.almost every modern military unit depends on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipmentC.the authors of the report prove a link b
33、etween the use of electronic equipment and cancerD.they had different arguments(4).It can be inferred from the physical phenomenon that_ _.（分数：2.00）A.the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmfulB.the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that the ce
34、lls generateC.electromagnetic fields may affect healthD.only more powerful radiation can knock electrons out of the human body(5).What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?（分数：2.00）A.They are indifferent.B.They are very worried.C.The may exercise prudent avoida
35、nce.D.They are shocked.In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man p
36、rotests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you
37、 with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, ha
38、s taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.
39、 The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts
40、 were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in
41、 its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work withi
42、n the framework of the law. Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each others problems. And to do this, we must learn about them; it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information. “Talk, talk, talk,“ the advocates of vi
43、olence say, “all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser. “ Its rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. “Possible, my lord,“ the
44、 barrister replied, “none the wiser, but surely far better informed.“ Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the best title for this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Advocating Violence.B.Violence Can Do Nothing t
45、o Diminish Race Prejudice.C.Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.D.The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.(2).When it comes to how we solve differences, recorded history has taught us_.（分数：2.00）A.violence never solves anythingB.nothingC.the bloodshed mea
46、ns nothingD.everything(3).It can be inferred that truly reasonable men_.（分数：2.00）A.cant get a hearingB.are looked down uponC.are persecutedD.have difficulty in advocating law enforcement(4).“ He was none the wiser“ ( Line 5 6, Paragraph 3 ) means_.（分数：2.00）A.he was not at all wise in listeningB.he w
47、as not at all wiser than nothing beforeC.he gained nothing after listeningD.he made no sense of the argument(5).According the author, the best way to address racial prejudice is_.（分数：2.00）A.law enforcementB.knowledgeC.nonviolenceD.mopping up the violent messThe work of English writer Aphra Behn (164
48、0 1689) changed markedly during the 1680s, as she turned from writing plays to writing prose narratives. According to literary critic Rachel Carnell, most scholars view this change as primarily motivated by financial considerations: earning a living by writing for the theatre became more difficult i
49、n the 1680s, so Behn tried various other types of prose genres in the hope of finding another lucrative medium. In fact, a long epistolary scandal novel that she wrote in the mid-1680s sold quite well. Yet, as Carnell notes, Behn did not repeat this approach in her other prose works; instead, she turned to writing shorter, more serious novels, even though only about half of
