1、2016年山东大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.NGO（分数：2.00）_3.GATT（分数：2.00）_4.UNESCO（分数：2.00）_5.CIA（分数：2.00）_6.NATO（分数：2.00）_7.Oceania（分数：2.00）_8.maternal mortality（分数：2.00）_9.migrant population（分数：2.00）_10.Confucianism（分数：2.00）_11.trade liberalization（分数：2.00）_12.Specia
2、l Drawing Rights（分数：2.00）_13.the Large Hadrons Collider（分数：2.00）_14.tertiary industry（分数：2.00）_15.International Telecommunication Union（分数：2.00）_16.Universal Declaration of Human Rights（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.主要经济指标（分数：2.00）_19.(中国)央行（分数：2.00）_20.优秀文化传承（分数：2.00）_21.宏观调控（分数：2.00）_22.合作共赢（分数：2.00）_23.上海市政
3、府（分数：2.00）_24.国家税务总局（分数：2.00）_25.中国铁路总公司（分数：2.00）_民工_27.基础设施建设（分数：2.00）_28.房地产泡沫（分数：2.00）_29.自贸协定谈判（分数：2.00）_天命_31.中华孔子学会（分数：2.00）_32.线下零售商（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_34.New York blends the gift of privacy with the excitement of participation; and better than most dense communities, it suc
4、ceeds in insulating the individual (if he wants it, and almost everybody wants or needs it) against all enormous and violent and wonderful events that are taking place every minute. A man shot and killed his wife in a fit of jealousy. It caused no stir outside his block and got only small mention in
5、 the papers. I did not attend. Since my arrival, the greatest air show ever staged in all the world took place in town. I didnt attend and neither did most of the eight million other inhabitants, although they say there was quite a crowd. I didnt even hear any planes except a couple of westbound com
6、mercial airliners that habitually flying over past the hotel room I lived in. The biggest oceangoing ships on the North Atlantic arrived and departed. I didnt notice them and neither did most other New Yorkers. I am told this is the greatest seaport in the world, with 650 miles of waterfront, and sh
7、ips calling here from many exotic lands, but the only boat Ive happened to notice since my arrival was a small sloop going out of the East River night before last on the ebb tide when I was walking across the Brooklyn Bridge. I heard the Queen Mary blow one midnight, though, and the sound carried th
8、e whole history of departure and longing and loss.（分数：2.00）_35.汉译英_36.秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。 江南，秋当然也是有的，但草木凋得慢，空气来得润，天的颜色显得淡，并且又时常多雨而少风；一个人夹在苏州上海杭州，或厦门香港广州的市民中间，浑浑沌沌地过去，只能感到一点点清凉，秋的味，秋的色，秋的意境与姿态，总看不饱，尝不透，赏玩不到十足。秋并不是名花，也并不是美酒，那一
9、种半开、半醉的状态，在领略秋的过程上，是不合适的。 在北平即使不出门去罢，就是在皇城人海之中，租人家一椽破屋来住着，早晨起来，泡一碗浓茶，向院子一坐，你也能看得到很高很高的碧绿的天色，听得到青天下驯鸽的飞声。（分数：2.00）_2016年山东大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：64.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.NGO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：非政府组织(nongovernmental organization)解析：3.GATT（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：关贸总协定(General Agree
10、ment on Tariffs and Trade)解析：4.UNESCO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational， Scientific and Cultural Organization)解析：5.CIA（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：美国中央情报局(Central Intelligence Agency)解析：6.NATO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：北约(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)解析：7.Oceania（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：大洋
11、洲)解析：8.maternal mortality（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：孕产妇死亡率)解析：9.migrant population（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：流动人口)解析：10.Confucianism（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：孔子学说；儒家思想)解析：11.trade liberalization（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：贸易自由化)解析：12.Special Drawing Rights（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：特别提款权)解析：13.the Large Hadrons Collider（分数：2.00）
12、_正确答案：(正确答案：大型强子对撞机)解析：14.tertiary industry（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：第三产业)解析：15.International Telecommunication Union（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际电信联盟)解析：16.Universal Declaration of Human Rights（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：世界人权宣言)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.主要经济指标（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：major economic indicator)解析：19.(中国)央行（分数：2.00）
13、_正确答案：(正确答案：Peoples Bank of China(PBOC)解析：20.优秀文化传承（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：inheritance of excellent culture)解析：21.宏观调控（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：macro-control)解析：22.合作共赢（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：win-win cooperation)解析：23.上海市政府（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Shanghai municipal government)解析：24.国家税务总局（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Stat
14、e Administration of Taxation)解析：25.中国铁路总公司（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：China Railway(CR)解析：民工_正确答案：(正确答案：migrant workers)解析：27.基础设施建设（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：infrastructure construction)解析：28.房地产泡沫（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：real estate bubble)解析：29.自贸协定谈判（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：FTA negotiation)解析：天命_正确答案：(正确答案：Mandate o
15、f Heaven)解析：31.中华孔子学会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Chinese Confucian Academy)解析：32.线下零售商（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：offline retailers)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.New York blends the gift of privacy with the excitement of participation; and better than most dense communities, it succeeds in insulating the i
16、ndividual (if he wants it, and almost everybody wants or needs it) against all enormous and violent and wonderful events that are taking place every minute. A man shot and killed his wife in a fit of jealousy. It caused no stir outside his block and got only small mention in the papers. I did not at
17、tend. Since my arrival, the greatest air show ever staged in all the world took place in town. I didnt attend and neither did most of the eight million other inhabitants, although they say there was quite a crowd. I didnt even hear any planes except a couple of westbound commercial airliners that ha
18、bitually flying over past the hotel room I lived in. The biggest oceangoing ships on the North Atlantic arrived and departed. I didnt notice them and neither did most other New Yorkers. I am told this is the greatest seaport in the world, with 650 miles of waterfront, and ships calling here from man
19、y exotic lands, but the only boat Ive happened to notice since my arrival was a small sloop going out of the East River night before last on the ebb tide when I was walking across the Brooklyn Bridge. I heard the Queen Mary blow one midnight, though, and the sound carried the whole history of depart
20、ure and longing and loss.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 纽约把离群索居的礼物和亲历参与的激动混合在一起。比之大多数人口密集的社区，纽约更能使个人(只要你愿意，而几乎每个人都愿意并需要这样)与外界每一分钟发生的所有群众场 面、残忍暴行、精彩表演完全绝缘。一男子因妒生狂，枪杀了妻子。在其所居的社区外，这事竟没有引起多大动静，报纸报道也不多。我没去赶热闹，我是说打我来此，世界上最为壮观的飞行表演在纽约举行，我没去观摩，800 万居民中的多数人也没去，尽管据说观众人数不少。我甚至没听见飞机的轰鸣，除去按常例从这儿通风井上空飞过的一两次西去的商业航班。几艘北大西洋最
21、大的海轮抵港复离港。我根本未予注意，大多数其他纽约人也是这样。别人告诉我这儿可是全世界最大的海港，滨水码头区长达 650英里，从许多域外异国驶来的航船在此停泊。不过，打我来此，只留意过一艘小小的单桅帆船。前天夜里退潮时我走过布鲁克林大桥，碰巧看到它抢风驶出东河。不过，某日午夜，我听到“玛丽女王号”邮轮拉响汽笛，那声音承载了一整部讲述别离、思念和伤逝的历史。)解析：解析： 本文选自美国著名散文家、幽默作家、诗人和讽刺作家 EBWhite(EB怀特)最知名的散文集 Here Is New York(这儿是纽约)中的同名散文。文中对纽约的生活做了细致人微的描述，展现了纽约人的生活方式，体现了那里的人
22、生百态，充满了质朴真实的生活气息。文章语言通俗简练，幽默诙谐，展现了独特的行文风格，翻译时要注意把握原文的风格和韵味，在用词、句式和整体结构上保持一致。35.汉译英_解析：36.秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。 江南，秋当然也是有的，但草木凋得慢，空气来得润，天的颜色显得淡，并且又时常多雨而少风；一个人夹在苏州上海杭州，或厦门香港广州的市民中间，浑浑沌沌地过去，只能感到一点点清凉，秋的味，秋的色，秋的意境与姿态，总看不饱，尝不透，赏玩不到
23、十足。秋并不是名花，也并不是美酒，那一种半开、半醉的状态，在领略秋的过程上，是不合适的。 在北平即使不出门去罢，就是在皇城人海之中，租人家一椽破屋来住着，早晨起来，泡一碗浓茶，向院子一坐，你也能看得到很高很高的碧绿的天色，听得到青天下驯鸽的飞声。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Autumn, wherever it is, always has something to recommend itself. In North China, however, it is particularly limpid, serene and melancholy. To enjoy its a
24、tmosphere to the full in the onetime capital, I have, therefore, made light of travelling a long distance from Hangzhou to Qingdao, and thence to Peiping. There is of course autumn in the South too, but over there plants wither slowly, the air is moist, the sky pallid, and it is more often rainy tha
25、n windy. While muddling along all by myself among the urban dwellers of Suzhou, Shanghai, Xiamen, Hong Kong or Guangzhou, I feel nothing but a little chill in the air, without ever relishing to my hearts content the flavor, color, mood and style of the season. Unlike famous flowers which are most at
26、tractive when half opening, or good wine which is most tempting when one is half drunk, autumn, however, is best appreciated in its entirety. Suppose you put up in a humble rented house inside the bustling imperial city, you can, on getting up at dawn, sit in your courtyard sipping a cup of strong tea, leisurely watch the high azure skies and listen to pigeons circling overhead.)解析：解析： 本文选自中国现代作家、散文家、诗人郁达夫的故都的秋。作者将北国之秋和江南之秋作对比，表达了自己对北国之秋的向往。这篇散文抒写了作者自己的经历和感受，翻译时要在传达原文语意的同时，把握中文散文的特点，注重逻辑关系的梳理和显现，译出原作的风格。
