1、GCT 工程硕士（英语）-试卷 36 及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your
2、 answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.He hoped the firm would_ him to the Paris branch.（分数：2.00）A.exchangeB.transmitC.transferD.remove3.Having decided to rent a flat, we_ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.（分数：2.00）A.set aboutB.set downC.set
3、 outD.set up4.Since the matter was extremely_, we dealt with it immediately.（分数：2.00）A.toughB.tenseC.urgentD.instant5.You don“t have to be in such a hurry, I would rather you_ on business first.（分数：2.00）A.would goB.will goC.wentD.have gone6.Professor Taylor“s talk has indicated that science has a ve
4、ry strong_ on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.（分数：2.00）A.motivationB.perspectiveC.impressionD.impact7.In Disneyland, every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to_ signs asking his “guests“ not to step on them.（分数：2.00）A.put downB.put outC.put upD.p
5、ut off8.My train arrives in New York at eight o“clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there_ by then.（分数：2.00）A.would leaveB.will have leftC.has leftD.had left9.Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body“s need for it from natural sources without turning_ the s
6、alt bottle.（分数：2.00）A.upB.toC.onD.over10.Cancellation of the flight_ many passengers to spend the night at the airport.（分数：2.00）A.resultedB.obligedC.demandedD.recommended11.I didn“t know the word. I had to_ a dictionary.（分数：2.00）A.look outB.make outC.refer toD.go over二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：
7、50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through th
8、e center.（分数：10.00）_Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛)
9、involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees“ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost
10、 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the actio
11、n. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum(最佳的) distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 met
12、ers per second. If FIFA, football“s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA
13、“s insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.（分数：10.00）(1).The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to_.（分数：2.00）A.review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB
14、.analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC.set a standard for football refereeingD.reexamine the rules for football refereeing(2).The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was_.（分数：2.00）A.slightly above averageB.higher than in the 1998 World CupC.quite unexpectedD.as
15、high as in a standard match(3).The findings of the experiment show that_.（分数：2.00）A.errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB.the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC.the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD.errors are less
16、likely when a referee stays in one spot(4).The word “officials“(Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.the researchers involved in the experimentB.the inspectors of the football tournamentC.the referees of the football tournamentD.the observers at the site of the experiment(5).What is
17、one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?（分数：2.00）A.The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 35.B.Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C.A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D.An experienced football refer
18、ee can do well even when in poor physical condition.Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with
19、my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that“s not what I did. I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts(文科) university that doesn“t even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously
20、, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren“t studying science or engineering.
21、My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them. I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories“ where they didn“t care if
22、 you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist(人文学者) all in one. Now I“m not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, ph
23、ysics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile(协调) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college. The reality that has blocked my path to becoming the typical successful student is that engineering and the li
24、beral-arts simply don“t mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.（分数：10.00）(1).The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts un
25、iversity because he_.（分数：2.00）A.wanted to be an example of practicality and rationalityB.intended to be a combination of engineer and humanistC.wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in collegeD.intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals(2).According to the author, by in
26、teracting with people who study liberal-arts, engineering students can_.（分数：2.00）A.balance engineering and the liberal-artsB.receive guidance in their careersC.become noble idealistsD.broaden their horizons(3).In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected_.（分数：2.00）A.to hav
27、e an excellent academic recordB.to be wise and matureC.to be imaginative with a value system to guide himD.to be a technical genius with a wide vision(4).The author“s experience shows that he was_.（分数：2.00）A.creativeB.ambitiousC.unrealisticD.irrational(5).The word “they“ in “together they threaten t
28、o confuse“.(Line 3, Para. 5) refers to（分数：2.00）A.engineering and the liberal-artsB.reality and noble idealsC.flexibility and a value systemD.practicality and rationalityHumanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts(干旱) are causing fami
29、ne and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the world“s population is expected to double in the next 40 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis. But that doesn“t have to be the outcome. Water shortag
30、es do not have to trouble the worldif we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually free res
31、ource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want. Instead, for all uses except the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs. Governments should also protect t
32、his resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways. For example, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation(灌溉) water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions(凹地) and pumping it to nearby cropland. No matter what
33、 steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water use. Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up ce
34、ntral authorities to coordinate water policy.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the real cause of the potential water crisis?（分数：2.00）A.The world population is increasing faster and faster.B.Half of the world“s water resources have been seriously polluted.C.Humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resou
35、rces.D.Only half of the world“s water can be used.(2).As indicated in the passage, the water problem _.（分数：2.00）A.has been exaggerated by some experts in the fieldB.is underestimated by government organizations at different levelsC.poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirsD.is alrea
36、dy serious in certain parts of the world.(3).According to the author, the water price should _.（分数：2.00）A.correspond to its real valueB.be reduced to the minimumC.stimulate domestic demandD.take into account the occurrences of droughts(4).The author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisabl
37、e to _.（分数：2.00）A.build big lakes to store waterB.construct big pumping stationsC.channel water from nearby rivers to croplandD.build small and cheap irrigation systems(5).In order to raise the efficiency of the water supply, measures should be taken to_.（分数：2.00）A.guarantee full protection of the e
38、nvironmentB.centralize the management of water resourcesC.increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levelsD.encourage local and regional of water resourcesPopular Hotels in Chicago (available until April 15) Chicago Lakeshore from $199.00 At the Lakefront by Navy Pier Situated along La
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41、ithout turning_ the salt bottle.（分数：2.00）A.upB.to C.onD.over解析：解析：本题空格处是说不须要借助于瓶装食盐。短语 turn to 意为“求助于，转向求助“，符合题意。其他三项中，turn up 意为“露面“，turn on 意为“打开“，turn over 意为“翻车，翻转“，都与题意不符。因此正确答案为 B。10.Cancellation of the flight_ many passengers to spend the night at the airport.（分数：2.00）A.resultedB.obliged C.de
42、mandedD.recommended解析：解析：B 项的“obliged 迫使“符合题意，如：Circumstances oblige me to do that(情况使我不得不那样做)。其他三项中，A 项 resulted 意为“致使，结果是“，C 项 demanded 意为“要求“，D 项recommended 意为“推荐“，都与题意不符。因此 B 项为正确答案。11.I didn“t know the word. I had to_ a dictionary.（分数：2.00）A.look outB.make outC.refer to D.go over解析：解析：C 项 refer
43、 to 意为“谈到；涉及：查阅：查询“符合题意。其他三项中，A 项 look out 意为“面朝；当心；照料“，B 项 make out 意为“书写；开列；拼凑；说明，理解；辨认出“，D 项 go over 意为“走到另一边去：转变；仔细检查“都与题意不符。因此 C 项为正确答案。二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfi
44、nished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_解析：Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)
45、decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different refer
46、ees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees“ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surpris
47、ingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum(最佳的) distance is about 20 meters
48、. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, football“s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA“s insistence t
