1、北京航空航天大学考博英语-1 及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Listenin(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BPart Reading Comprehension/BDirections: There are four passages in the part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages ca
2、refully and decide on the best choice.Passage 1One silly question I simply cannot tolerate is “How do you feel?“ Usually the question is asked of a man in action - a man walking along the street, or busily working at his desk. So what do you expect him to say? Hell probably say, “Fine, Im an right.
3、“ But you have put a hug a his ear-maybe now he is not sure. If you are his good friend, you may have seen something on his face, or in his walk, that he over-looked that morning. It makes him worrying a little. He looks in a mirror to see if everything is all right, while you go merrily on your way
4、 asking someone else, “How do you feel?“Every question has its time and place. Its perfectly acceptable, for instance, to ask “How do you feel?“ if you are visiting a close friend in the hospital. But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying to take a train or sitting at his desk working, its
5、 no time to ask him that silly question.When George Bernard Shaw, the famous British writer of plays was in his eighties, someone asked him, “How do you feel?“ Shaw put him in his place. “When you reach my age,“ he said, “either you feel all right or you are dead. “（分数：5.00）(1).According to the writ
6、er, greetings, such as “How do you feel?“（分数：1.00）A.show ones consideration for othersB.are a good way to make friendsC.are proper to ask a man in actionD.generally make one feel uneasy(2).The question “How do you feel?“ seems to be correct and suitable when asked of _.（分数：1.00）A.a friend who is ill
7、B.a person who has lost a close friendC.a stranger who looks somewhat worriedD.a man who is working at his desk(3).George Bernard Shaws reply in this passage shows his _.（分数：1.00）A.sillinessB.clevernessC.carelessnessD.politeness(4).“You have put a bug in his ear“ means that you have _.（分数：1.00）A.mad
8、e him laughB.shown concern for himC.made fun of himD.given him some kind of warning(5).This passage can be entitled _.（分数：1.00）A.A Silly QuestionB.Dont Trouble a Busy ManC.What Are Good GreetingsD.George Bernard Shaws ReplyPassage 2In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the
9、 problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? The evidence shows that while variety certainly makes the workers life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As
10、 far as increasing productivity is concerned, then, variety is not an important factor.Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important. There is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modem factor
11、y with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus, although freedom of choice may be important, usually very little can be done to create it.Another important consideration is how much a worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one
12、 small part of the produce Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than a large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of the workers contribution an important factor,
13、therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more
14、. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we make their jobs more interesting, they will want neither more money nor shorter working hours.（分数：5.00）(1).Varied jobs, in writers opinion, will _.（分数：1.00）A.offer greater productivityB.drive workers to work harderC.ma
15、ke workers more productiveD.make workers life more enjoyable, but do not make them more hardworking(2).According to the passage, freedom can not be easily given since _.（分数：1.00）A.it is in not what workers care aboutB.it has nothing to do with increasing productivityC.freedom will do harm to the man
16、agementD.machines in modem factories must be organized in a fixed way(3).Degree of the workers contribution is greater when _.（分数：1.00）A.a factory possesses more expertsB.a factory has many small production linesC.workers enjoy more freedomD.workers work at a large production line(4).Workers want mo
17、re money and shorter working hours to _.（分数：1.00）A.enjoy themselves more after workB.produce greater work flowC.show their great abilitiesD.challenge the management(5).According to the passage, the statement that best describes the writers attitude is _.（分数：1.00）A.there are no ways to make workers m
18、ore productiveB.workers want more variety, freedom and money, but shorter working time and less contributionC.variety, freedom, contribution, more money and shorter working time seem possible factors leading to greater productivity, actually they are not or they are impossibleD.it is impossible to m
19、ake workers work more productively, because the work they do is so boringPassage 3What do consumers really want? Thats a question market researchers would love to answer. But since people dont always say what they think, marketers would need direct access to consumers thoughts to get the truth.Now,
20、in a way, that is possible. At the “Mind of the Market“ laboratory at Harvard Business School, researchers are looking inside shoppers skulls to develop more effective advertisements and marketing pitches. Using imaging techniques that measure blood flow to various parts of the brain, the Harvard te
21、am hopes to predict how consumers will react to particular products and to discover the most effective ways to present information. Stephen Kosslyn, a professor of psychology at Harvard, and business school professor Gerald Zaltman, oversee the lab. “The goal is not to manipulate peoples preferences
22、,“ says Kosslyn, “just to speak to their actual desires. “The groups findings, though still preliminary, could radically change how firms develop and market new products.The Harvard group use position emission topography (PET) scans to monitor the brain activity. These PET scans, along with other no
23、n-invasive imaging techniques; enable researchers to see which parts of the brain are active during specific tasks (such as remembering a word). Correlations have been found between blood flow to specific areas and future behavior. Because of this, Harvard researchers believe the scans can also pred
24、ict future purchasing patterns. According to an unpublished paper the group produced, “It is possible to use these techniques to predict not only whether people will remember and have specific emotional reactions to certain materials, but also whether they will be inclined to want those materials mo
25、nths later. “The Harvard group is now moving into the next stage of experiments. They will explore how people remember advertisements as part of an effort to predict how they will react to a product after having seen an ad. The researchers believe that once key areas of the brain are identified, sca
26、ns on about two dozen volunteers will be enough to draw conclusions about the reactions of specific segments of the population. Large corporations including Coca Cola, Eastman Kodak, General Motors, and Hallmark have already signed up to fund further investigations.For their financial support, these
27、 firms gain access to the experiments, but cannot control them. If Kosslyn and Zaltman and their team really can read the mind of the market, then consumers may find it even harder to get those advertising jingles out of their heads.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following statements can be the best titl
28、e for this passage?（分数：1.00）A.Reading the Mind of the MarketB.Controlling the Consumers PreferencesC.Improving the Styles of AdvertisingD.Finding Out the Way to Predict(2).Why do the Harvard researchers use scientific technology in the experiments?（分数：1.00）A.Because they dont believe the surveys don
29、e by the marketers can lead to the truth.B.Because they are asked by the marketers to find a direct way to read the consumers thoughts.C.Because they want to find out how the ads influence peoples brain activity and emotional responses etc.D.Because they expect that their experiments can basically a
30、lter the marketing strategies of products.(3).Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Sometimes people will conceal what they think when being questioned by the market researchers.B.Stephen Kosslyn and Gerald Zaltman overlook the experiments and criticize the purpose o
31、f the study.C.Harvard researchers have found the corresponding relations between peoples brain and behavior.D.There are many large organizations endorsing and financing the Harvard groups further investigation.(4).What does “to speak to“ in the last sentence of the second paragraph mean?（分数：1.00）A.t
32、o talk toB.to say toC.to communicate toD.to respond to(5).The last sentence of this passage implies that（分数：1.00）A.if the experiments results can be applied to the practice, the customers will be very likely to buy things according to the adsB.if the Harvard group can succeed in finishing the resear
33、ch, they will use it in attracting more and more and more and more consumers into the marketC.the financial supporting corporations such as Coca Cola, General Motors can employ the experiments in their own marketingD.the consumers may discover that those ads will always annoy them by jingling out of
34、 their heads and cause them headachesPassage 4To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun.Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella
35、was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, was back in the eleventh century B. C.We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the
36、Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices.In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbr
37、ella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans.During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And against it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France and
38、later on in England.By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasnt until the twentieth century that womens umbrellas began to be made in a
39、 whole variety of colors.（分数：5.00）(1).The first use of umbrella was as _.（分数：1.00）A.protection against rainB.a shade against the sunC.a symbol of powerD.a symbol of honor(2)._ were the people who first used umbrellas.（分数：1.00）A.ChineseB.RomansC.GreeksD.Egyptians(3).The umbrella was used only by roya
40、lty or by those in high offices _.（分数：1.00）A.in Europe in the 18th centuryB.in ancient Egypt and BabylonC.in the Far East in ancient timesD.during the Middle Ages(4).According to the passage, which of the following is not true _.（分数：1.00）A.Women enjoy using umbrellas with varied kinds of colors nowa
41、days.B.The inventor of the umbrella is unknown.C.Once ordinary people had no right to use umbrellas.D.Umbrellas were popular and cheap in ancient times.(5).Which of the following is the best title of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.When Was the Umbrella Invented?B.The History of UmbrellaC.Umbrella A Symbol o
42、f HonorD.Who Used Umbrella First?二、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.Taking photographs is strictly _ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings.（分数：1.00）A.forbiddenB.rejectedC.excludedD.denied2.This spacious room is _ furnished with just a few articles in it.（分数：1.00）A.lightlyB.sparselyC.har
43、dlyD.rarely3.I should be able to finish the task on time, _ you provide me with the necessary guidance.（分数：1.00）A.in caseB.provided thatC.or elseD.as if4.Shares on the stock market have _ as a result of a worldwide economic downturn.（分数：1.00）A.turnedB.changedC.floatedD.fluctuated5.To be a successful
44、 criminal, one must be _.（分数：1.00）A.empiricalB.emigrantC.elegantD.elusive6.The low operating costs of the foreign company will _ the high labor costs the business pays in its own country.（分数：1.00）A.offendB.obstructC.obligeD.offset7.Every person on the sales team is _ because they work together well.
45、（分数：1.00）A.incompatibleB.incredibleC.indefiniteD.indispensable8.Her remarks _ a complete disregard for human rights.（分数：1.00）A.magnifiedB.maintainedC.manipulatedD.manifested9.Mr. Browns condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _.（分数：1.00）A.pull backB.pull upC.pull throughD.pull out
46、10.The day was breaking and people began to go to work so the murderer was unable to _ of the body.（分数：1.00）A.dispenseB.disposeC.discardD.discharge11.Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customers _ rat
47、her than the companys.（分数：1.00）A.benefitB.availabilityC.suitabilityD.convenience12.Can you imagine! He offered me $ 5000 to break my contract. Thats _ . Of course I didnt agree. I would take legal action.（分数：1.00）A.fraudB.blackmailC.briberyD.compensation13.The secretary wants to _ all the file clerk
48、s to make preparations for the company Christmas party.（分数：1.00）A.enlightenB.enlistC.enableD.enclose14.The priest made the _ of the cross when he entered the church.（分数：1.00）A.markB.signalC.signD.gesture15.He was _ with the deadly disease when he was 14, and has suffered with it for 10 years.（分数：1.0
49、0）A.inducedB.inflictedC.insertedD.integrated16.Ive told you _ that you cannot go out and play until youve finished your homework.（分数：1.00）A.once and for allB.to all intentsC.all the wayD.in all respects17.Despite the fact that they were _ when they married, after 30 years they live together harmoniously.（分数：1.00）A.contradictoryB.incompatibleC.contraryD.compatible18.His office is _
