1、复旦大学考博英语-4 及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Id _ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A. take into account B. account for C. make up for D. make out（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.
2、D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.二、PART Reading Compr(总题数：4，分数：20.00)Like many of my generation, I have a w
3、eakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does someth
4、ing worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and community who will listen. But a hew floes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used b
5、y ordinary people.The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine, they experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? The answer or evidence suggests they serve
6、 only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. T
7、hey create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr. , we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks: It may be possible for largescale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personal
8、ities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.（分数：5.00）(1).Although heroes may come form different cultures, they _ .A. generally possess certain inspiring characteristicsB. probably sham some weaknesses of ordinary peopleC. are often influence
9、d by previous generationsD. all unknowingly attract a large number of fans（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that _ .A. they have a vision from the mountaintopB. they have warm feelings and emotionsC. they can serve as concrete examples
10、 of noble principleD. they can make people feel stronger and mine confident（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Madonna and Michael Jackson axe not considered heroes because _ .A. they are popular only among certain Stoups d peopleB. their performances do not improve their fans morallyC. their primary concern is th
11、eir own financial interestsD. they are not clear about the principles they should follow（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who _ .A. are good at demonstrating their charming charactersB. can move the masses with their forceful speechesC. ar
12、e capable of meeting all challenges and hardshipsD. can provide an answer to the problems of their people（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author concludes that historical changes would _ .A. be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualitiesB. not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifi
13、cesC. take place if there were heroes to lead the peopleD. produce leaders with attractive personalities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188, 000 students, todays traditional- age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的) “th
14、an at any time in the 17 years of the poll.Not surprising in these hard times, the students major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but acco
15、unting“.Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic“ fields is at a low. on the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.Thats no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary
16、of her college instructors her first year on the job-even before she completed her two-year associate degree.While its true that we all need a career, it is equally tame that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed flora our own and that we are better
17、 for ear understanding of these other contributions-be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate ne
18、eds.Weekly we mad of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run !But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sens
19、e. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): “Miss Baxter,“ he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish fight from wrong?“From the long-term point of view, thats
20、what education really ought to be about.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the authors observation, college students _ .A. have never been so materialistic as todayB. have never been so interested in the artsC. have never been so financially well off as todayD. have never attached so much importance to mural
21、 sense（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The students criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _ .A. the influences of their instructors B. the financial goals they seek in lifeC. their own interpretations of the courses D. their understanding of the contributions of others（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).By
22、saying “While its true that, be they scientific or artistic“ (Lines 1-3, Para, 5), the author means that _ .A. business management should be included in educational programsB. human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speedC. human intellectual development has reached new heightsD. the
23、 importance of a broad education should net be overlooked（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Studying the diverse wisdom of others can _ .A. create varying artistic interests B. help people see things in their right perspectiveC. help improve connections among people D. regulate the behavior of modem people（分数：1.0
24、0）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.B. Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong.C. People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life.D. Career seekers should not loons on imme
25、diate interests only.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. Its new a “global village“ where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is grea
26、tly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modem businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modem markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are be
27、coming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind“. He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the companys plan for success, and that promotions often follow or ac
28、company an assignment abroad, if an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and prevalent(普遍的).Thanks to a
29、 variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another lang
30、uage. A second language isnt generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.The employee posted abroad who speaks the countrys principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations,
31、and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.（分数：5.00）(1).What is the authors attitude toward high-tech communication
32、s equipment?A. Critical. B. Prejudiced. C. Indifferent. D. Positive.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, business people _ .A. have to get familiar with modem technologyB. are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operationsC. are attaching more i
33、mportance to their overseas businessD. are eager to work overseas（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind“ (Line 2, Para. 3) probably means _ .A. being unable to think properly for lack of insightB. being totally out of touch with business at homeC. missing opportunities f
34、or promotion when abroadD. leaving all care and worry behind（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?A. Connections with businesses overseas. B. Ability to speak the clients language.C. Technical know-ho
35、w. D. Business experience.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can _ .A. hatter control the whole negotiation process B. easily find new approaches to meet market needsC. fast-forward their proposals to headquarters D. easily make friends with b
36、usinesspeople abroad（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as theyve become wealthier and more worldly-wise. Foreign travel is a national passion; this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis a
37、re returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonalds and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the A
38、merican habit of telling departing customers to “Have a nice day“ has caught on all over Israel. “Nobody wakes up in the morning and says, Lets be nicer “says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm. “Nothing happens without competition.“Privatization, or the threat of it, is a motivation as well
39、. Monopolies (垄断者) that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls “the revengeful (报复的) consumer“. When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its marke
40、t share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, “ People wanted revenge for ali the years of bad service.“ The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait haft a day for a repairman. Now, appointments are scheduled to the half-hour. T
41、he graceless EIAI Airlines, which is already at auction (拍卖), has retrained its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, “You can feel the change in the air. “For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.（分数：5.0
42、0）(1).It may be inferred from the passage that _ .A. customer service in Israel is now improvingB. wealthy Israeli customers are hard to pleaseC. the tourist industry has brought chain stores to IsraelD. Israeli customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In the authors vi
43、ew, higher service standards are impossible in Israel _ .A. if customer complaints go unnoticed by the managementB. unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbersC. if theres no competition among companiesD. without strict routine training of employees（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).if someone in I
44、srael today needs a repairman in case of a power failure _ .A. they can have it fixed in no timeB. its no longer necessary to make an appointmentC. the appointment takes only half a day to makeD. they only have to wait half an hour at most（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The example of EIAL Airlines shows that
45、_ .A. revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly d enterprisesB. an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficultyC. a good slogan has great potential for improving serviceD. staff retraining is essential for better service（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Why did Bezaqs international br
46、anch lose 40% of its market share?A. Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough.B. Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service.C. Because the service offered by its competitors was far better.D. Because it no longer received any support from the government.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
47、D.三、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The great chariot of society, which for so long had run down the gentle slope of tradition, now found itself powered by an internal combustion engine. Transactions and gain 51 a new and startling 52 force.What forces could have been 53 powerful to smash a comfortable an
48、d 54 world and institute in its place this new society? There was no single massive 55 . It was not great events, single adventures, individual laws, or charming 56 which 57 about the economic revolution. It was a process of internal growth.First, there was the gradual emergence of national politica
49、l 58 in Europe. A second great current of change was to be found in the slow decay of the religious spirit under the 59 of the skeptical, inquiring, humanist views of the Italian Renaissance. Still another 60 current lies in the slow social changes that eventually rendered the market system possible. In the course of this change, power naturally began to gravitate into the hands of those who understood money matters-the merchants.（分数：10.00）(1).A. catered B. created C. ebbed D.
